Psyche Mind

• MAIN FOCUS OF PSYCHIATRIC NURSING:

 Behavior of the client
 identify the feelings of client
 identify the response of client

• CENTER OF PSYCHIATRIC NURSING:

 human-human relationship
 MENTAL HEALTH NURSING
• Goal: to promote mental health
• Psychosocial Nursing – previous name
• InterPersonalRelationship – between the nurse and the
client
• Nurse
– Self awareness
– Self-concept- strength/weaknesses; therapeutic use of
self which is the tool in psychiatric nursing ( knowledge
of oneself)
• Client
– Individual – sick
– Family – sick - disorganized
– Environment – sick – disorganized – factors of
maladaptive behavior
THREE LEVELS OF PREVENTION
PRIMARY
– Healthy client
– Community concept
– Remove factors before it can cause illness
– Goal: Promote Mental Health & Prevent
Mental Illness
• Intervention:
- start it with yourself
– stress reduction
– health teaching – teach family about mental
health and emotional health (self-controlled)
– accident prevention
– support system – family
SECONDARY
– Sick client
– Lessen the duration of mental
illness
– Goal : Prevent disability
• Intervention:
Suicide prevention
Crisis intervention
Providing milieu therapy &
TERTIARY
– Rehabilitation
– Goal: To function at fullest
capacity and be productive!
6 CONCEPTS OF
MENTAL HEALTH
SELF-AWARENESS
• Self-concept
• Personal identity
• How you perceive
yourself

SELF-ACTUALIZATION
Self-realization
Self-fulfillment
Achievement
If your goal is met, you are self-actualized
PERCEPTION OF REALITY
•Acceptance of reality

AUTONOMOUS
BEHAVIOR
•Independence
•Ability to make
decisions
 Adapt to
environment

Integrative
Capacity
Ability to tolerate frustration-unmet
goals
Ability to solve conflicts – presence of
two goals
3 STRUCTURES OF
PERSONALITY
ID
•Animal in man
•Instinctual drive
•Basic system of personality
•Primitive desire
•Amoral, illogical
•Unreasonable
•Function according to pleasure
Example:
Babies
“Iwant it ,,,,,,,,, Iwant it now”
avoid pain ; they only want to experience
pleasure
no sense of time
EGO
•I, self b) Integrator of our
•Sense of identity personality
•Reality •mediator to self and
environment
Functions: •balance between the id
•Higher functions of man and superego
•memory c) Solve your conflicts
•orientation d) Tolerate frustrations
•reasoning e) Reduce anxiety
•intellectual capacity
•judgment Example:
e.g. “ I can wait for what I
oriented to time, want”
place
decision-making
SUPEREGO
•higher self
•2 aspects
conscience – what is wrong
ego ideal – what is right
•censoring part – moral values; making us
perfectionist
•morality – concern with punishment and
sense of guilt

Example:
“ I should not want that”
3 LEVELS OF MIND
 Concious
• focus on awareness
• logical
• experiences- that you can recall
voluntarily
 Subconcious
• censoring part of the mind
• preconscious
• with clue you can recall
• accessible to both conscious and
unconscious
• experiences – partly forgotten;
partly remembered
e.g.
– tip of my tongue
 UNCONSCIOUS
• largest part of the mind
• experiences- not recall voluntarily
• Evidences:
– Slip of the tongue
– Forgetfulness (e.g. important dates)
– Dreams
– Anxiety
– Phobia
– Hallucination
– Delusions
– Illusions
• Can only be recalled if undergo psychoanalysis –
hypnosis
 ANXIETY FEAR
1. afraid of “unknown” 1. afraid of what you
2. anticipation of danger know
3. apprehension/ 2. external danger
uneasiness- vague, 3. outcome definite
accompanied by
uncertain things
d.Threat to self-esteem
 Frustrated
 Rejected
 Problems
 Conflicts
b. Threat to
physical changes
Fever
Pain
Changes in the body
 LEVELS OF ANXIETY

• Mild anxiety / (+)

 helps one deal constructively with stress.
 A mildly anxious person:
• has broad perceptual field
• has heightened ability to take in
sensory stimuli
• more alert to what is going on and can
make better sense of what is
happening with others and the
environment.
• Moderate anxiety / (+ +)
– remains alert but perceptual field
narrows
– shuts out the events on the
periphery while focusing on central
concerns.
– uses selective inattention to cope
– can still focus on what they have
previously shut out
• Severe anxiety (+ + +)
– sensory reception is greatly reduced
– focus on small or cattered details of an
experience.
– have difficulty in problem solving and
ability to organize is reduced
– selective inattention is increased and less
amendable to voluntary control
– unable to focus on events in the
environment
– new stimuli may be overwhelming and
may cause anxiety level to rise even
higher
– increase in pulse, BP, RR and epinephrine
secretion, vasoconstriction and
• Panic / (+ + + +)
– completely disrupted perceptual
field
– disintegration of the personality
experienced as intense terror
– details maybe enlarged, scattered
or distorted
– logical thinking and effective
decision-making maybe impossible
– behavior appear purposeless and
communication unintelligible