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 YEAR 2009
NORSAFINAH BINTI MOHD TUMIRAN|5 DORISIA
CHEMISTRY
 
FOLIO
CHAPTER
5:
CHEMICALS
 
FOR
 
CONSUMER
 
CONTENTS
2 |Page
No.TitlePage
5.1Soap and Detergent25.2Food Additives65.3Medicine7
 
5.1 : Soap and Detergent
 
Soap
•
Salt that are formed by neutralization between afatty acidand analkali.
•
One example of soap issodium palmitate, CH₃(CH₂)₁₄COONa. It isformed when palmatic acid is neutralized by sodium hydroxide, NaOH. 
CH₃(CH₂)₁₄COOH(aq) + NaOH(aq) → CH₃(CH₂)₁₄COONa(aq) +H₂O(l)
Detergent
•
Salt that are formed by neutralizing analkyl hydrogen sulphatewith analkali.
•
One example of detergent issodium lauryl sulphate
•
Detergents may contain many other substances in addition to thesubstances that does the cleaning and also to make it more effective. These substances are called additivesBiological enzymes
 
are catalyst that increase the detergency or cleaningpower of a detergent.
Whitening agents
includebleachessuch assodium perborate. They release chlorine and oxygen that remove stains and makeclothes become whiter and cleaner.3 |Page
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