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Area (km2 )
Perimeter of Na
onal Territory (km):

92 212

Portugal

3 904

GDP per capita (Index EU-27=100)

2010

80

100

Mainland

2 559

General government gross debt (% of GDP)

2011

107.8

82.5

Autonomous Region of the Azores

943

Labour produc
vity (Index EU-27=100)

2010

77.2

100

Autonomous Region of Madeira

402

Ina
on rate (%)

2011

3.6

3.1

Highest Point (m)

2 351

Total R&D expenditure (% of GDP)

2010

1.59p

2.0e

Old-age dependency ra
o (%)

2011

27.2

25.9p

Unemployment rate (%)

2011

12.9

9.7

Inequality of income distribu
on (income quin
le share

2010

5.6

Coastline Lenght (km)

2 586

Exclusive Economic Zone EEZ (km2 )

Municipali
es (no.)

1 714 800
308

Portugal EU-27

Resident popula
on (no.)

2011

10 561 614

Popula
on Density (hab/km 2 )

Ac
ve popula
on (thousands)

2011

114.5

People at-risk-of-poverty or social exclusion (%)

2010

25.3

23.5

2011

5 543.2

Persons of the age 20 to 24 having completed at least

upper secondary educa
on (%)

2010

58.7

79

e Estimated p Provisional
Source: Statistic Portugal, 2012; Eurostat, 2012

Carbon intensity
600

tonnes of CO2 equivalent

per 10 6 EUR of GDP (ppp)

Source: Eurostat, 2011; EEA, 2011

500
400
300
200
100
0

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Portugal

515

504

514

477

480

457

412

380

377

371

EU-27

552

537

513

512

488

465

439

409

398

392

Energy intensity of the economy

250

tonnes of oil equivalent

per 10 6 EUR of GDP
(reference year 2000)

Source: Eurostat, 2012

200
150
100
50
0

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Portugal 198

195

202

199

203

207

192

191

184

186

180

EU-27

188

185

187

184

181

176

169

168

166

168

187

Source: Eurostat, 2012

40

% of gross electricity consump
on

Electricity generated from

renewable sources

35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Portugal 28.8 33.7 20.3 35.7 23.9 15.5 28.9 29.6 26.4 33.3
EU-27

13.6 14.2 12.7 12.6 13.6 13.6 14.2 15.1 16.4 18.2

Resource produc
vity

1.6

Source: Eurostat, 2012

GDP/DMC (Euros per kg)

1.4
1.2
1
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0

Note: EU-27 - Eurostat estimate

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Portugal 0.67 0.65 0.67 0.76 0.71 0.72 0.64 0.63

0.6

EU-27

1.31 1.41

1.22 1.24 1.27 1.29 1.26 1.27 1.28

1.3

0.65

Genera
on of municipal waste

540

Source: Eurostat, 2012

kg per capita per year

520
500
480
460
440
420
400

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Portugal 471

471

443

449

444

450

463

468

515

517

EU-27

521

526

514

513

516

522

523

520

512

523

60

14

50

12
10

40

8
30
6
20

10
0

Nitrogen (N) - Portugal

2
2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

40

37

36

21

25

Nitrogen (N) - EU-27

Phosphorus (P) - Portugal
Note: EU-27 - Eurostat es
mate

Phosphorus (P) - EU-27

12

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009
13

18

11

17

12

50

51

53

48

Gross Nutrient Balance - Phosphorus

(kg P/ha of agricultural land)

Source: Sta
s
cs Portugal, 2011; Eurostat, 2012

Gross Nutrient Balance - Nitrogen

(kg N/ha of agricultural land)

Gross Nutrient Balance Nitrogen and Phosphorus

7KHQDWXUDODVVHWEDVH
30
25
20
15
10
5

Spain

Belgium

Poland

France

Germany

Portugal

United Kingdom

Estonia

Netherlands

Czech Republic

Austria

Hungary

Slovenia

Denmark

Finland

Luxembourg

Sweden

Slovak Republic

Source: OECD, 2011

35

Abstrac
ons in % of available
freshwater resources

Intensity of use of
freshwater resources
in selected countries
(latest year available)

0.8 1.4 2.1 2.9 2.9 4.0 4.5 4.9 10.7 11.2 11.8 12.0 12.4 17.0 17.2 18.3 29.2 31.2

7KHQDWXUDODVVHWEDVH
Environmental state of popula
ons of commercially exploited
sh and shellsh in portuguese con
nental EEZ
Source: IPIMAR, 2012

Units: %
Fishing
activity
pressure

Reproductive
capacity

Population
age and size
distribution

66%

32%

36%

27%

29%

36%

7%

5%

3%

0%

34%

26%

High

Moderate

Low

Undetermined

Finland

Estonia

Sweden

Slovenia

Spain

Austria

Greece

Slovak Republic

France

Portugal

Poland

Czech Republic

Hungary

Luxembourg

Italy

Ireland

Germany

Belgium

Denmark

Netherlands

Fonte: FAO, UNECE, 2011

45
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0

United Kingdom

Forest area per inhabitant

in selected countries (2008)

km2 / 1 000 inhabitants

7KHQDWXUDODVVHWEDVH

0.2 0.5 0.6 1.0 1.3 1.5 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.4 2.5 2.5 3.2 3.4 3.6 3.9 4.7 6.2 16.6 30.6 41.7

7KHQDWXUDODVVHWEDVH
Land cover
changes 2000-2006

Water bodies

Source: EEA, 2011

Wetlands
Forest and semi natural areas
Agricultural areas
Ar
cial surfaces
-5%

0%

5%

Ar
cial surfaces

Agricultural areas

Portugal

9.79%

- 1.20%

EU-27

3.35%

- 0.23%

10%

15%

Forest and semi

natural areas
- 0.14%
0.05%

20%

25%

30%

35%

Wetlands

Water bodies

- 0.08%

29.66%

- 0.36%

0.47%

7KHQDWXUDODVVHWEDVH
Common birds in Portugal
- popula
on index

1.3
1.2

Index (2004=1)

Source: SPEA, 2011

1.1
1
0.9
0.8
0.7
0.6

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

All common birds

1.089

1.064

1.111

1.052

1.097

Common farmland birds

1.06

1.083

1.137

1.085

1.137

Common forest birds

1.116

1.079

0.986

Other common birds

1.096

1.025

1.231

1.049

1.072

35

Source: Eurostat, 2012

30

micrograms per cubic metre

Popula
on exposure to
air pollu
on by par
culate maer

25
20
15
10
5
0

Note: The indicator shows the population-weighted

annual mean concentrantion of particulate matter
at urban background stations in agglomerations.

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Portugal

31

33

29

29

33

32

31

30

24

25

EU-27

27

26

27

30

27

28

30

28

26

26

80

Healthy life years at birth,

by gender, in EU-27 (2009)

70

Source: Eurostat, 2012

Healthy life years

60
50
40
30
20

Malta

Sweden

Italy

Greece

Ireland

Bulgaria

Luxembourg

Cyprus

United Kingdom

Spain

France

Belgium

Poland

Lithuania

Austria

Denmark

Hungary

Netherlands

Germany

Finland

Estonia

Romania

Latvia

Portugal

Czech Republic

Note: Belgium, Italy, Cyprus, Romania,

Slovenia and United Kingdom
- Eurostat es
mate.

Slovakia

Slovenia

10

Femates 52.1 54.5 56.5 56.6 57.4 57.8 58.1 58.6 58.6 60.2 60.7 61.9 62.2 62.3 62.2 63.5 63.7 64.6 64.9 65.6 66.0 66.9 67.2 67.3 67.6 71.0 71.6
Males
52.3 53.2 53.5 59.2 57.4 58.5 54.0 57.9 56.4 61.1 59.3 62.3 58.5 57.7 64.0 61.9 64.3 62.2 65.5 64.9 64.5 65.9 63.0 67.3 66.4 71.7 70.2

Popula
on connected
to wastewater treatment systems
Popula
on (%)

Source: INAG, 2011

80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0

2006

2007

2008

2009

Mainland

72

70

71

72

Autonomous Region of the Azores

25

29

27

28

Autonomous Region of Madeira

59

62

55

57

Popula
on exposure
to noise of more than 55 dB

60

Source: EEA, 2011

Popula
on (%)

50
40
30
20
10
0

Note 1: The indicator shows the population

exposed to noise from roads and
railways in agglomerations with more
than 250 000 inhabitants
Note 2: Lden - day-evening-night noise; Ln - night noise

Lden

Ln

Lden

Roads

Ln
Railways

Portugal

43

16

EU-27

54

18

Source: Eurostat, 2011

4
3.5

% of total GBAORD

Total government budget

appropria
ons or outlays
on Research & Development (R&D)
(GBAORD) related
to the environment and energy

3
2.5
2
1.5
1
0.5
0

Note: Portugal - 2008 data;

EU-27:2009 data - Eurostat estimate.

Environment

Energy

Portugal

2.2

1.4

EU-27

2.9

3.8

12.0
10.0
8.0
6.0
4.0
2.0
0.0

Environment
Renewable energy

Australia
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Ireland
Italy
Japan
Korea
Luxembourg
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Portugal
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
United Kingdom
United States

Source: OECD, 2012

Percentage of total ODA

Ocial Development Assistance (ODA)

to the environment
and renewable energy

2.1 1.2 0.8 2.4 8.9 4.9 9.2 3.5 1.1 0.4 3.9 8.3 1.6 1.0 4.8 1.8 7.6 0.9 4.6 6.4 3.7 4.1 1.6
0.0 0.5 0.6 0.0 1.4 0.8 0.4 3.1 0.7 0.0 0.2 0.5 0.0 0.1 1.4 0.1 0.8 0.0 5.8 0.4 0.1 0.5 0.0

Employment in environmental
goods and services organisa
ons
Source: Sta
s
cs Portugal, 2012

Number

25 000
20 000
15 000
10 000
5 000
0
Minority or occasionally occupied
Mostly occupied

2007

2008

2009

2010

2 141

3 041

2 771

2 726

23 668

26 507

29 071

29 340

Total environmental taxes

Source: Eurostat, 2012

3.5
3

% of GDP

2.5
2
1.5
1
0.5
0

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Portugal 2.63 2.87 3.04 3.01 3.01 2.96 2.87 2.83 2.56
EU-27

2.5

2.74 2.66 2.65 2.68 2.64 2.59 2.53 2.45 2.38 2.43

Electricity prices
Source: Eurostat, 2012

Prices (EUR/kWh)

0.14
0.12
0.1
0.08
0.06
0.04
0.02
0

Note: Average national price

without taxes applicable
for the first semester
of each year
for medium size households
and industrial consumers.

2000

Household consumers - Portugal 0.1194

Household consumers - EU-27
Industrial consumers - Portugal
Industrial consumers - EU-27

2001
0.12

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

0.1223 0.1257 0.1283 0.1313 0.134

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

0.142 0.1074 0.1264 0.1093 0.1015

0.1013 0.1068 0.1173 0.1177 0.1217 0.1217 0.1275

0.0643 0.0651 0.0665 0.0673 0.0684 0.0713 0.0817 0.086 0.0782 0.0919 0.0896 0.0903
0.0672 0.0752 0.082 0.0875 0.0955 0.0923 0.0936