Instructional Systems Design

An extended Instructional Systems Design (ISD) - valuable for developing High Performance Training

Fun with Instructional Design

Should be fun and fast! The most creative part of developing training

Agenda

What Is Instructional Design? Instructional Systems Design (ISD) Extended ISD Creative Designing

What Is Instructional Design?

Instructional design is the Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation of instructional materials (ADDIE) There is a standard design model called Instructional Systems Design (ISD)
Developed by Dick and Cary (The Systematic Design of Instruction -- 6th Edition, 2004)

Terminology

Learning Training Instruction Technology-Based Training e-Learning Learner-Based Training Web-Based Training (WBT) Blended Learning Learning 2.0 Training Glossary (references)
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Why Use a Systematic Process?

A systematic process is effective . . .

An effective way to develop training Ensures an appropriate process Flows from goals to objectives, to content, to instructional strategies Includes evaluations to insure that goals and objectives are met

Instructional Design (ID)

The end-to-end process or methodology used to create a learning program The document of a design for a specific program The major phases are summarized by the acronym ADDIE Instructional Systems Design (ISD) is a comprehensive model for instructional design There are other models and lots of theory A methodology is much better than a model

ADDIE Model
Analysis

Design

Evaluation

Development

Implementation
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ADDIE Model
Analysis
Needs Assessment Project Plan Goals

Design

Evaluation

Development

Implementation
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ADDIE Model
Analysis
Needs Assessment Project Plan Goals

Design
Audiences Objectives Task Analysis Strategy Prototypes

Evaluation

Development

Implementation
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ADDIE Model
Analysis
Needs Assessment Project Plan Goals

Design
Audiences Objectives Task Analysis Strategy Prototypes

Evaluation

Development
Outline Content Select Delivery Programming

Implementation
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ADDIE Model
Analysis
Needs Assessment Project Plan Goals

Design
Audiences Objectives Task Analysis Strategy Prototypes

Evaluation

Development
Outline Content Select Delivery Programming

Implementation

Delivery Integration LMS

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ADDIE Model
Analysis
Needs Assessment Project Plan Goals

Design
Audiences Objectives Task Analysis Strategy Prototypes

Evaluation
Evaluation Plan Testing Reviews

Development
Outline Content Select Delivery Programming

Implementation

Delivery Integration LMS

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Instructional Systems Design (ISD)

Identify Goals Instructional Analysis Analyze Audiences Write Performance Objectives Develop Assessment Instruments Develop Instructional Strategy Develop and Select Instruction Materials Formative Evaluation of Instruction Revise Instruction Conduct Summative Evaluation
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Source: Instructional Systems Design by Dick and Carey

Instructional Systems Design

Conduct Instructional Analysis

Revise Instruction

Assess Needs to Identify Goal(s)

Write Performance Objectives

Develop Assessment Instruments

Develop Instructional Strategy

Develop and Select Instructional Materials

Design and Conduct Formative Evaluation of Instruction

Analyze Learners and Contexts

Design and Conduct Summative Evaluation

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Extended ISD
What got left out: Preliminary planning Curricula that includes this course, module, program Alternate performance interventions Multiple delivery methods (and triangulation)
ILT, e-Learning, Learning and Support Portal

Follow-up

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Corporate Objectives (Goals)

. . . let's discuss one of the 10 steps . . .

Goals are the purpose or objective of the instruction. Usually stated in terms of performance. Goal may be an New Initiative, a Problem, a Performance Improvement Need, or Something Else New May include detailed objectives. May be incomplete or unclear There may be Ad Hoc Needs

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Everything can change!

Everything can change during the project! Plan on it! Get comfortable with it! Rapid application development (RAD) can minimize problems with changes

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Iteration: Constant Review and Revision

Part of rapid application development Plan on it! Get comfortable with it! "One of the most important skills of a good instructional designer is the ability to revise . . . . Good instructional design requires constant revision, elimination, and addition . . . . Your program is not written in stone until the day it is taught, and even then only for that day; you should begin making revisions for the next class based on what you learn in this one." George Piskurich in Rapid Instructional Design

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Module Objectives
After completing this xxxx module you will be able to: Define Describe Explain Install Configure Verify Test List Use Participate Troubleshoot Recognize Manage Understand Take advantage of Summarize

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Example Objective

When shown a model of our solar system, students will be able to name all nine planets. Audience = Students Behavior = name all nine planets Condition = when shown a model of our solar system Degree = ?

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Instructional Strategy

Pre-instructional activities, delivery methods, sequence, etc. Allocation of pre-work, homework, and post-work
careful with homework - it really is optional work in most cases

Triangulation (blend of methods) Distribute between "course" and "more information"

Can/should reduce the amount of material

Possibles:
Creating a set of online resources Simulations, videos Online discussion groups

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Instructional Systems Design (continued)

ISD was created for instructor-led training

By university people and primarily for university courses

Nothing wrong with the ISD model, but . . .

Nothing wrong in that context

Doesn't consider e-learning, LSPs, or blends Doesn't include follow-up (e-mail, direct contact, etc.) Doesn't include curriculum review, iteration; process could be improved

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Extended Instructional Systems Design

The High Performance Training Model Include e-learning and learning and support portals Consider other performance improvement interventions
Training may not be the best intervention

Design the course within a curriculum

One course or several, earlier courses, related courses,

Delivery triangulation Iteration is an important part of the process Include follow-up and management
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e-Learning Instructional Design is Different

Have many more powerful learning elements Modules tend to be short Can use a multi-level presentation
Supports both shorter modules, and more complete information

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The Extended ISD Model

+ Program Planning Conduct Instructional Analysis Analyze the Instructional Goal Analyze Learners and Contexts Write Performance Objectives + Design the course within a curriculum Develop Instructional Strategy Develop and Select Instruction Materials + Delivery Triangulation + Design e-learning elements including LSP Formative Evaluation of Instruction Revise Instruction Develop Assessment Instruments Conduct Evaluations + Design/Implement Follow-up Program

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Be Creative!

Think outside the box Use creative methods

Brainstorm, mind maps

Want something different, fun, engaging Think of alternative ways to present a topic
Graphic, metaphor, case study

Be open to ideas!

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ISD Criticism

"Too much theory"

Too academic, dense, not accessible

"It takes too long" "It's too cumbersome" "We don't do that here" "We use ADDIE" Discussion

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ISD Summary

ISD has proven to be a systematic, effective model . . . but needs to be extended for the HPT model Instructional Design is an Iterative Process

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What's Next

Practice! Your Project Use the resources More study

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