:

MYOGLOBIN, HEMOGLOBIN
1

 :
.

.Prosthetic group

:





2

 -
)(Heme
Heme- .
Heme -
,
.

,
.
3


.
.

:
.1 .
.2 ()


350-" .
3-" .
, 100- .
150 ( ) 200-
" ( .)70

,
.
.
CO2 .
5


( ).
.

.
-,
Heme .
Apoprotien '
7

 Heme ( )IX
.

8
4- ( ).

 Heme -
2+FE 6

heme- 6 ,
.
4
9


His
[]

[

]HEME

Heme-globin
connection

10

 heme-
.
.


HEME-

75% -
a .8-
" . A B
11

 heme-

Ribbon presentation of myoglobin, includes hydrophobic residues

12
(blue).

Mesh image of myoglobin, surface emphasized

13



.

.

2 1
F8. [ F ]6
14

. 1 163" 94

 :
heme- .

15

 heme-
O2

In oxymyoglobin

In deoxymyoglobin
16


? heme-

- (Fe2+
(Ferrous - ( (Ferric Fe3+
. .

17



.
.
"" ,

.
18

 ( )
a

4
8 1 b
.

19

Hemoglobin

 [ ]
4
a2

b2
20

a1

b1

 a1b1
a2 b 2

21

4
.
.
pH-
[ .]PH
.
[] ,
.
22

.
.
, ,heme -
.
heme-.

23


.
.

24

= . = /. [

.
) :(Effectors
['
' . .
[ '
]
.
25


:

.
).(cooperative effect
,
:
CO2 ,H+.)2,3 bi phosphoglycerate( BPG -

26


: .

:
, .
0.1-
- P50 50% ,
.
27

28

 ()

29


) (T-Tense )(R-Relaxed

30

 heme-
O2

31

 T-

32


( .)Bohr


T

.

()

()

33

 )BPG( 2,3-Bisphosphoglycerate

BPG
.

.
.

-
-
.
34

 BPG

35

 BPG b

BPG -
.b
36

 BPG

37

 BPG

BPG


H+
.CO
38
2

 )(HbF

HbF . HbA
.
39

 HbF
BPG-
Ser 143

HbF

Ser 143

,HbF '
) 143' ().
(
40

 CO2 ,H+ BPG-

.heme-
CO ,
.heme- CO
, .
CO- 200
CO .
41

42

43

 His E7

.

44

 His E7 CO
O2-

45

erythrocytes

46


Sickle Cell Anemia

47



,
.

.

?

,

.
48

 "

49


, :
.heme

( ).

.
,
.

.
.
50


: .
, ,
.

.
,

.
,pH CO2 BPG

51 .

 -
heme-
.
"" ,
.
heme-

.

.
.
.
52