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1. SYN.— 
caricature
refers to an imitation or representation of a person or thing, in drawing, writing, or  performance, that ludicrously exaggerates its distinguishing features;
 Burlesque
implies the handling of a serious subject lightly or flippantly, or of a trifling subject withmock seriousness;
a parody
ridicules a written work or writer by imitating the style closely, esp. so as to point up its peculiarities or affectations, and by distorting the content nonsensically or changing it to somethingabsurdly incongruous;
travesty
, in contrast, implies that the subject matter is retained, but that the style and language arechanged so as to give a grotesquely absurd effect;
 satire
 refers to a literary composition in which follies, vices, stupidities, and abuses in life are heldup to ridicule and contempt;
lampoon
refers to a piece of strongly satirical writing that uses broad humor in attacking andridiculing the faults and weaknesses of an individual2. SYN.— 
an epicure
is a person who has a highly refined taste for fine foods and drinks and takes great pleasure in indulging it;
a gourmet 
is a connoisseur in eating and drinking who appreciates subtle differences in flavor or quality;
 gourmand 
,occasionally equivalent to gourmet, is more often applied to a person who has a heartyliking for good food or one who is inclined to eat to excess;
a gastronome
is an expert in all phases of the art or science of good eating;
a glutton
is a greedy, voracious eater and drinker 3. SYN.— 
 severe
applies to a person or thing that is strict and uncompromising and connotes a total absenceof softness, laxity, frivolity, etc. [a severe critic, hairdo, etc.];
 stern
implies an unyielding firmness, esp. as manifested in a grim or forbidding aspect or manner [astern guardian];
austere
suggests harsh restraint, self-denial, stark simplicity [the austere diet of wartime], or anabsence of warmth, passion, ornamentation, etc. [an austere bedroom];
ascetic
 implies extreme self-denial and self-discipline or even, sometimes, the deliberate self-infliction of pain and discomfort, as by religious fanatics [an ascetic hermit]
 —ANT. mild, lax, indulgent 
4. SYN.— range
 refers to the full extent over which something is perceivable, effective, etc.
[ 
the
range
of hisknowledge
 ]
;
reach
refers to the furthest limit of effectiveness, influence, etc.
[ 
 beyond the
reach
of myunderstanding
 ]
;
 scope
implies considerable room and freedom of range, but within prescribed limits
[ 
does it fallwithin the
 scope
of this dictionary?
 ]
;
compass
 also suggests completeness within limits regarded as a circumference
[ 
he did all withinthe
compass
of his power 
 ]
;
 
 gamut 
, in this connection, refers to the full range of shades, tones, etc. between the limits of something
[ 
the full
 gamut 
of emotions
 ]
5. SYN.— circumference
refers to the line bounding a circle or any approximately circular or elliptical area;
 perimeter 
 extends the meaning to a line bounding any area, as a triangle, square, or polygon;
 periphery
, in its literal sense identical with
perimeter
, is more frequently used of the edge of a physical object or in an extended metaphoric sense
[ 
the
 periphery
of understanding
 ]
;
circuit 
now usually refers to a traveling around a periphery
[ 
the moon‘s
circuit 
of the earth
 ]
;
compass
 refers literally to an area within specific limits but is often used figuratively
[ 
the
compass
of the city, the
compass
of freedom
 ]
6. SYN.— despise
implies a strong emotional response toward that which one looks down upon with contemptor aversion
[ 
to
despise
a hypocrite
 ]
;
 
to
scorn
is to feel indignation toward or deep contempt for 
[ 
to
 scorn
the offer of a bribe
 ]
;
disdain
implies a haughty or arrogant contempt for what one considers beneath one‘s dignity
[ 
to
disdain
flattery
 ]
;
contemn
, chiefly a literary word, implies a vehement disapproval of a person or thing as base, vile,or despicable
7. SYN.— hate
implies a feeling of great dislike or aversion, and, with persons as the object, connotes the bearing of malice;
detest 
 implies vehement dislike or antipathy;
despise
suggests a looking down with great contempt upon the person or thing one hates;
abhor 
implies a feeling of great repugnance or disgust;
loathe
implies utter abhorrence
 —ANT.
 
love, like
8. SYN.— 
love
implies intense fondness or deep devotion and may apply to various relationships or objects
[ 
sexual
love
, brotherly
love
,
love
of one‘s work, etc.
 ]
;
affection
suggests warm, tender feelings, usually not as powerful or deep as those implied by
love
[ 
he has no
affection
for children
 ]
;
attachment
implies connection by ties of affection, attraction, devotion, etc. and may be felt for inanimate things as well as for people
[ 
an
attachment 
to an old hat
 ]
;
infatuation
implies a foolish or unreasoning passion or affection, often a transient one
[ 
an elderlyman‘s
infatuation
for a young girl
 ]
 
9. SYN.— murmur 
 implies a continuous flow of words or sounds in a low, indistinct voice and may apply toutterances of satisfaction or dissatisfaction
[ 
to
murmur 
a prayer 
 ]
;
mutter 
 usually suggests angry or discontented words or sounds of this kind
[ 
to
mutter 
curses
 ]
; to
mumble
 is to utter almost inaudible or inarticulate sounds in low tones, with the mouth nearlyclosed
[ 
an old woman
mumbling 
to herself 
 ]
10. SYN.—  sad 
is the simple, general term, ranging in implication from a mild, momentary unhappiness to afeeling of intense grief;
 sorrowful 
implies a sadness caused by some specific loss, disappointment, etc.
[ 
her death left him
 sorrowful]
;
melancholy
suggests a more or less chronic mournfulness or gloominess, or, often, merely a wistful pensiveness
[melancholy
thoughts about the future
 ]
;
dejected 
implies discouragement or a sinking of spirits, as because of frustration;
depressed 
suggests a mood of brooding despondency, as because of fatigue or a sense of futility
[ 
the novel left him feeling
depressed]
;
doleful 
implies a mournful, often lugubrious, sadness
[ 
the
doleful 
look on a lost child‘s face
 ]
 
 —  ANT.
 
happy, cheerful
11. SYN.— happy
generally suggests a feeling of great pleasure, contentment, etc.
[ 
a
happy
marriage
 ]
;
 glad 
implies more strongly an exultant feeling of joy
[ 
your letter made her so
 glad]
, but both
glad
and
happy
are commonly used in merely polite formulas expressing gratification
[ 
I‘m
 glad 
, or 
happy
, to have met you
 ]
;
cheerful 
implies a steady display of bright spirits, optimism, etc.
[ 
he‘s always
cheerful 
in themorning
 ]
;
 joyful 
and
 joyous
both imply great elation and rejoicing, the former generally because of a particular event, and the latter as a matter of usual temperament
[ 
the
 joyful 
throngs, a
 joyous
family
 ]
 
 —  ANT.
 
sad
12. SYN.— accidental 
describes that which occurs by chance
[ 
an
accidental 
encounter 
 ]
or outside the normalcourse of events
[ 
an
accidental 
attribute
 ]
;
 fortuitous
 
 ,
which frequently suggests a complete absence of cause, now usually refers to chanceevents of a fortunate nature;
casual 
describes the unpremeditated, random, informal, or irregular quality of something
[ 
a
casual 
visit, remark, dress, etc.
 ]
;
incidental 
emphasizes the nonessential or secondary nature of something
[ 
an
incidental 
consideration
 ]
;
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