4 23 JUDE 25

Is 57:20
13 ar e twice dead; -Iike wild sea waves capped with shame as if with foa m; or like
14 shooting sta rs" bound for an eternity of black da rk ness. -It was with them in
mind th at Enoch, the seventh patr iarch from Adam, made his prophecy when he
Dn7:10
said, 'I tell you, the Lord will co me with his saints in their tens of thousands, Rv 5:11
15 to pronounce jud gement on all ma nki nd and to sentence the wicked for all the
wicked things they have done, an d for all the defiant things said against him by
112P 2:18
irreligious sinners' .> -T hey are mischief-makers, grumblers governed only by
THE LETTER OF 16
their own desires, q with mouths f ull of boastful talk, ready with flattery for other
people when they see some advantage in it.
Dn 7:8.20
Lv 19:15

JUDE 17
A warning
But remember, my dear friends, what the apostles of our Lord Jesus Christ 112 P 3:2-3

18 told you to expect. • At the end of time,' they told you 'there are going to be ITm4:1+

Address peo ple who sneer at religion and follow nothing but their own desires for
19 wickedness.' -T hese unspiritual and selfish people are nothing but mischief- 1 Co 15:44-+
Ac 12:17+ From Jud e, servant of Jes us Christ and brot her of Ja mes; to those who are I
makers.'
ca lled, to those who are dear to" Go d the Father an d kep t safe for Jes us Chr ist,
2 P 1:2 wishing you all mercy and peace and love. The duties of love
I Co 3:9·17
The reason for this letter 20 But you, my dear friends, mu st use your most holy faith as your foundation Ep 2:2<l-22
21 and build on th at, prayin g in the Holy Spirit; -keep yourselves within the love
My dear friends, at a time when I was eagerly loo king for ward to writing to of God and wait for the mercy of our Lord Jesus Christ to give you eternal life.
Ac 9:13 +
you about the salvation that we all share, b I have been forced' to write to you
now and a ppea l to you to fight hard for the faith which has been on ce and for all
n When there are some who have doubts, reassure them; -when there are some
112 P 2:1
to be saved fro m the fire, pull them out;but there are others' to whom you must
entrusted to the sai nts. ·Certa in peopl e hav e infiltrated amo ng you, and they 4
be kind with great caution, keepin g your distance even from outside clothing
are th e ones you had a warni ng a bout , in writing, long ago, when they were which is contaminated by vice.
Ga 5: 13
I P 2: 16 co nde mned- for denying all religion, turn ing the grace of our God into immorality,
I J n 4:1
2 i n 10 and reject ing our o nly Master a nd Lord, Jesus Christ.' Doxology
112 P 3:14
The false teachers: the certainty of their punishment 24 G lory be to him who can keep you from falling and bring you safe to his
I Co 6: 3
25 glorious presen ce, innocent and happy.' -To G od , the only God, who saves us
112 P 1:12 I sho uld like to rem ind you - tho ugh yo u ha ve al ready learnt it once and for through Jesus Christ our Lord, be the glory , majesty, authority and power, which R m 16:25-
Nh 14:26-35 27+
I Co 10:5 allf-how the Lord" rescued the natio n fro m Egypt, but afterwards he still he had before time began, now and for ever. Amen. Rv 5:13
112P2:4 destroyed the men who did not trust him. •Nex t let me remind you of the angels
Gn6: 1-2 who had supreme a ut hority but did not keep it and left their appointed sph ere ;«
he has kept them down in the da rk, in spiritual chains, to be judged on the great
G o 19
2 P 2: 6-9 day . -T he fornicat ion of Sodo m and G omorrah and th e other nea rby to wns was 7
Mt 1O:1 5p
equ ally unnatu ral, ' and it is a warn ing to us that they are paying for their crim es
in eternal fire.
a. 'To tho se who ar e' , va r. ' to t he nations who a rc', I . Almost ce rtainly a re feren ce to th e apoc ryp hal
Their violent language 'd ear to'; var. ' ma de holy by ' . Assu m ption of M oses .
112 P 2:10-1 2 b . ' th e sa lva tio n that we a ll sha re"; VUIK. 'Your m. Their lac k of know ledge res ults fro m the fact
Ne vertheless, these peopl e/ are doing th e same: in their delus ion s they no t 8 sa lva tio n' , that th ey do no t possess th e Sp irit, they k now nothin g
onl y defile their bodi es an d disregar d a uthority," but a buse the glorious angels c. By the d ang er the se heretics re present. except what they have learnt through the ir un aid ed
DI 34:6 1- d . Lit . 'Fo r cer tai n men crep t in who lon g ago natural po wer s.
D n 10:13 I- as well.• Not even the arc ha ngel Micha el, when he was engaged in a rgu ment 9 have been wr i tten bef orehand fo r thi s j udgement'; n. Lit . 'They are reefs to yo ur agapCs' (cf. 1 Co 11:
with the devil abo ut the corpse of Moses, ' dared to denou nce him in the la nguage var . ' fo r thi s sin ' , 20 +). "reefs' : var . (V ulg,) ' blo ts' . 'ag apes': var . "de-
zc 3:2 +· e. Va T. 're jecting God. the o nly Mas ter a nd our ceit s' , cf. 2 P 2: 13. T hese heretic s were st ill taki ng pa rt
of a buse; all he said was, 'Let the Lord correct you' . - But these peo ple abuse 10 Lor d Jesu s Chr ist'. in th e life of th e Church; all that ha d ha ppe ned to
anything they do no t understand; and the on ly things they do understan d- j ust f . Th e fa ith ent rusted 'once an d fo r a ll', v. 3, to them so far was tha t they had bee n noticed.
the sa ints m ust never be cha nged.
by nat ure > like unreasoni ng animals- will turn out to be fatal to th em. K. G od the Fat her. cf 2 P 2:4 . Var. ( VUIR.) 'Jesus ' ,
i.e. a refer ence to Ch rist in his divi ne pre-ex istence, o. In Jew ish apocrypha, e.a. t he Book of Enoch.
Their vicious behaviour c r. I Co 10:4 . 'sta rs ' of ten sta nd for "a ngels' .
h. T hey let the mselves be seduced by the ' daughters n. Enoch J :9 , pro bab ly qu ot ed fro m me mo ry.
G n 4:H
112P 2: 15 May they get what they deserve, beca use they have followed Cain; they have II of me n'. G n 6:1-2 ; the subjec t is elabora ted in the c. S uggested by Enoch 5:5.
I in 3:12 Book of Enoc h. r . Li t. 'T here ar e th e ones who ma ke d ivisions
N h22:2 + rus hed to make the same mistake as Bala am and for the same reward; they have 1. Lit. 'Like Sod o m . . . in the sa me way forni cating (Vu IR. 'who separate th em selves'. i.e. fro m the Church),
R\l2: 14
Nb / 6 re belled j ust as Ko rah did-and share the sam e fate. -T hey are a dangerous 12 and go ing after a lien flesh '. Th ey lusted no t after psvchtko t no t hav ing the Spirit'. The heretics are like
Pr 25:/4 h uman beings , but after the stra ngers who were angels, 'a nima ls' because they ac t irrational1y o r o n impulse,
112P 2:13. o bstacle " to yo ur com munity meals, co ming for the food and qu ite sham elessly G n 19:1-1 1. T he apocryphal Tes ta ment of the Twelv e v, 10; th e central human Quality they lac k is o pe nness
17- 18 on ly loo king after them selves. They are like clo uds blown abo ut by the winds and Patriarchs, like Ju de 6-7. als o compar es the sin of the to the Sp ir it, cr. Rm 1:9 +. ..,::>
a nge ls with the sin of the Sodomites . s, ' Wh en there are so me wh o ha ve do ubts. be
bringing no rain, or like bar ren trees whic h are then uprooted in the winter and so I. T he heretics livin g at the sa me t ime as J ude . kind to th em. sa ve them , pull th em o ut of th e fire;
Om. (Yulg. ) 'in their de lusions'. but there are o thers •
k . 'd isregard authority' . lit. 'd espi se so vere ign ty': t , Yulg. adds 'at th e com in g of o ur Lor d Jesus
ver, "sovereignties ', r.e. the angels. cf. Ep 1:21 ; Col 1:16. C hrist' .
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