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DOE-HDBK-1122-99

Module 1.11 External Exposure Control Instructor’s Guide

1.11-1

Course Title: Radiological Control TechnicianModule Title: External Exposure ControlModule Number: 1.11

Objectives

:1.11.01Identify the four basic methods for minimizing personnel external exposure.1.11.02Using the Exposure Rate = 6CEN equation, calculate the gamma exposure ratefor specific radionuclides.1.11.03Identify "source reduction" techniques for minimizing personnel externalexposures.1.11.04Identify "time-saving" techniques for minimizing personnel external exposures.1.11.05Using the stay time equation, calculate an individual's remaining allowable doseequivalent or stay time.1.11.06Identify "distance to radiation sources" techniques for minimizing personnelexternal exposures.1.11.07Using the point source equation (inverse square law), calculate the exposure rateor distance for a point source of radiation.1.11.08Using the line source equation, calculate the exposure rate or distance for a linesource of radiation.1.11.09Identify how exposure rate varies depending on the distance from a surface(plane) source of radiation, and identify examples of plane sources.1.11.10Identify the definition and units of "mass attenuation coefficient" and "linear attenuation coefficient".1.11.11Identify the definition and units of "density thickness."1.11.12Identify the density-thickness values, in mg/cm

, for the skin, the lens of the eyeand the whole body.1.11.13Calculate shielding thickness or exposure rates for gamma/x-ray radiation usingthe equations.

References:

1.ANL-88-26 (1988) "Operational Health Physics Training"; Moe, Harold; Argonne National Laboratory, Chicago2."Basic Radiation Protection Technology"; Gollnick, Daniel; Pacific Radiation Press; 1983

DOE-HDBK-1122-99

Module 1.11 External Exposure Control Instructor’s Guide

1.11-2

3."Radiological Health Handbook"; Bureau of Radiological Health; U. S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare; Washington, D.C.; 1970.

Instructional Aids:

1.Overheads2.Overhead projector/screen3.Chalkboard/whiteboard4.Lessons learned

DOE-HDBK-1122-99

Module

1.11 External Exposure Control Instructor’s Guide

1.11-3

I. MODULE INTRODUCTION

A.Self-Introduction1.Name2.Phone number 3.Background4.Emergency procedure reviewB.Motivation1.The goal of any radiation safety program is to reduce exposure,whether internal or external, to a minimum. The externalexposure reduction and control measures available are of primary importance to the everyday tasks performed by theRCT.C.Overview of Lesson1.Minimizing Personal exposure2."Source reduction" techniques and calculations3."Time-saving" techniques and calculations4."Distance to radiation source" techniques and calculations5.Skin density thickness6.Shielding calculationsD.Introduce ObjectivesO.H.: Objectives

II. MODULE OUTLINE

A.Basic Methods for Exposure ReductionObjective 1.11.011.The goal of radiological control is embodied in theacronym "ALARA," which stands for As Low AsReasonably Achievable.The radiological control organization shall make whatever reasonable efforts it can to reduce exposure to the lowestlevels, taking into account economic and practicalconsiderations.