UniversityofArkansasLibraries ArcGISDesktopTutorial

Section1:GettingStarted withArcGISDesktopv.9ArcInfoFunctionalLevel(ArcCatalog,ArcMap,andArcToolbox) ArcGISApplicationsDescription:

ArcCatalog: ArcCatalogallowstheusertoeasilyaccessandmanagegeographicdatathatisstoredin foldersonlocaldisksorrelationaldatabasesthatareavailableontheuser'snetwork.Datacan becopied,moved,deleted,andquicklyviewedbeforeitisaddedtoamap.Inaddition, metadatacanbeeitherreadorcreatedusingthisArcGISapplication.

ArcMap: ArcMapallowstheusertodisplayandquerymaps,createqualityhardcopymapsandperform manyspatialanalysistasks.ArcMapprovidesaneasytransitionfromviewingamaptoeditingits spatialfeatures.

ArcToolbox: ArcToolboxprovidesanenvironmentforperforminggeoprocessingoperations(i.e.,operations thatinvolvealterationorinformationextraction).Toolssteptheuserthroughthemany geoprocessingtasks.ArcToolboxisembeddedinbothArcCatalogandArcMap.

DataRetrieval: Datacollectionandpreparationisoneofthemostexpensiveandtimeconsumingaspectsofcreatinga GISfacility.Therearemanygovernmentalandcommercialdatasourcesthatprovidedigitalandtabular datasetsaswellasanaloguedataincludingmaps,aerialphotographs,andsatelliteimagery. ArcGISSupportedDataFormats: ArcGISallowstheusertoworkwithanextensivearrayofdatasources.Thesearelistedbelow.

DataTypesSupportedinArcGIS(ArcView,ArcEditor,andArcInfo) o ArcIMSfeatureservices o ArcIMSmapservices o ArcInfocoverages o DGN(throughv8) o DWG(throughv2004) o DXF o Geodatabases o GeographyNetworkconnections o OLEDBTables o PCARC/INFOcoverages o RasterFormats
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ARCDigitizedRasterGraphics(ADRG)(*.imgor*.ovrand*.lgg) ArcSDERasters BandInterleavedbyLine(ESRIBIL)(*.biland*.hdr,*.clr,*.stx) BandInterleavedbyPixel(ESRIBIP)(*.bipand*.hdr,*.clr,*.stx) BandSequential(ESRIBSQ)(*.bsqand*.hdr,*.clr,*.stx) Bitmap(BMP),DeviceIndependentBitmap(DIB)format,orMicrosoftWindows Bitmap(*.bmp) CompressedARCDigitizedRasterGraphics(CADRG) ControlledImageBase(CIB) DigitalGeographicInformationExchangeStandard(DIGEST)ArcStandardRaster Product(ASRP),UTM/UPSStandardRasterProduct(USRP)(*.imgand*.gen, *.ger,*.sou,*.qal,*.thf) DigitalTerrainElevationData(DTED)Level0,1and2(*.dt0,*.dt1,*.dt2) ERMapper(*.ers) ERDAS7.5GIS(*.gisand*.trl) ERDAS7.5LAN(*.lanand*.trl) ERDASIMAGINE(*.img) ERDASRAW(*.raw) ESRIGRID(*.clr) ESRIGRIDStack ESRIGRIDStackFile(*.stk) ESRISDERaster GraphicsInterchangeFormat(GIF)(*.gif) IntergraphRasterFiles(*.citand*.cot) JPEGFileinterchangeFormat,JIFF(*.jpg,*.jpeg,*jpe) JPEG2000(.jp2) MultiresolutionSeamlessImageDatabase(MrSID)(*.sid;generations2and3; NotethattheexportcommandRastertoMrSIDoutputsinMrSIDgeneration2 format) NationalImageTransferFormat(NITF)(*.ntf) PortableNetworkGraphics(*.png) TaggedImageFileFormat(TIFF)(*.tif,*.tiff,*.tff) SDC(SmartDataCompression) SDElayers Shapefiles TextFiles(.TXT) TIN VPF

o o o o o o

AdditionalDataTypesSupportedviaImportersinArcInfo DirectconversionofthefollowingformatsintoanativeArcInfoformat: o ADS o DFAD o DIME o DLG o ETAK

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o o o o o o o o o

GIRAS IGDS IGES MOSS S57 SDTS(Point,Raster,andVector) SLF TIGER(throughv2000) SunRaster

AdditionalDataTypesSupportedviaImportersinArcViewandArcEditor DirectconversionofthefollowingformatsintonativeArcViewandArcEditorformats: o AGF o MIF o SDTS(PointsandRaster)

AboutDataSources: Adatasourceisanygeographicdatathatmaybeusedasinputtooroutputfromageoprocessingtool. Supporteddatasourcesinclude:

Geodatabasefeaturedatasets Geodatabasefeatureclasses Shapefiledatasets Coveragedatasets Coveragefeatureclasses CADfeaturedatasets CADfeatureclasses SDCdatasets SDCfeatureclasses VPFdatasets VPFfeatureclasses Rasterdatasets Rasterdatasetbands Rastercatalogs TINdatasets Layers Layerfiles Tables Tableviews

WhenworkingwithdataitishelpfultounderstandhowArcGISorganizesthedatasourceswithwhich theprogram'stoolswork.Datasourcesareorganizedintofolderhierarchiesonyourcomputer.ArcGIS generallyrecognizesthreedifferentworkspaces:

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Folders Personalgeodatabases ArcSDEgeodatabases

withtheoptionsetmore.WhenyouopenArcCatalogyouwilllikelyseeoneormoreofthefollowing workspacesinthecatalogtreewithvariousdatasourcescontainedwithinthem. AboutWorkspaces Folders Foldersmaycontainotherfolders,geodatabases,datasources(e.g.,rasters,shapefiles,tables,etc.),and toolboxes.Somedatasources(coverages,shapefiles,TINdatasets,layers,andlayerfiles)canonlylive insidefolders.Otherdatasources(rasterdata,featureclasses,andtables,andmore)canbeexported fromafoldertoageodatabaseeitherpersonalorArcSDE.Featuredatasetswithinafolder(coverages, SmartDataCompression[SDC],VectorProductFormat[VPF]andmore)canbesetasworkspaces. Geodatabases TherearetwotypesofgeodatabasesinArcGIS:

Personal ArcSDE.

Geodatabasescontaingeographicinformationorganizedintheformoffeatureclasses,featuredatasets, tables,andtoolboxes.Featureclassescanbeorganizedintofeaturedatasetsormayexistindependently ingeodatabases. Personalgeodatabases Personalgeodatabasescanbecreatedinwhichtostoreandmanageyourownspatialdatabase. MicrosoftAccessisthedatabaseused.Withpersonalgeodtabasesmanyusersmayreadthedatabase simultaneouslybutonlyoneusermayedit. ArcSDEgeodatabases WithArcSDEgeodatabasesmanysimultaineouseditorsaresupported. AboutDataSources Geographicdatausedasinputtooroutputfromageoprocessingtoolisconsideredadatasource.The listofsupporteddatasourcesincludes:
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Geodatabasefeaturedatasetsandfeatureclasses Shapefiledatasets Coveragedatasetsandfeatureclasses Computeraideddesign(CAD)datasetsandfeatureclasses SDCfeaturedatasetsandfeatureclasses VPFdatasetsandfeatureclasses Rasterdatasetsandrasterdatasetbands TINdatasets,layers,layerfiles,tables,andtableviews

Thefeatureclassisoneofthemostcommonlyuseddatasources.Afeatureclassiscomposedofa collectionofgeographicfeatureswithidenticaltypeofgeometry(point,line,polygon)andthesameset ofattributes.Featureclassescanbefoundwithinageodatabasefeature,shapefile,coverage,CAD,SDC, andVPF,aswellaswithinageodatabase. Featuredata Geodatabasefeaturedatasets GeodatabasefeaturedatasetsliveinsidepersonalorArcSDEgeodatabases.Featuredatasetscontain featureclassesthatareofthesameextentandcoordinatesystem. Geodatabasefeatureclasses Geodatabasefeatureclassesarestoresofgeographicfeaturesrepresentedaspoints,lines,polygons, annotations,dimensions,attributes,andmore.Featureclassesthatstoretopologicalfeaturesare containedwithinafeaturedatasettoensureacommoncoordinatesystem.Otherfeatureclassesthat areoutsideafeaturedatasetarecalledstandalonefeatureclasses.

Shapefiledatasets Ashapefiledataset(.shp)isstoredinafolder,iscomposedofgeographicfeaturesandtheirattributes, andcontainsasinglefeatureclass.Points,lines,orpolygons(areas)representgeographicfeaturesina shapefile.

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Coveragedatasets Anintegratedsetoffeatureclassesthatrepresentgeographicfeaturesiscalledacoverageandisstored inafolderonyourfilesystemasaworkspace. Coveragefeatureclass Asetofeitherpoints,lines(arcs),polygons(areas),routes,tics,links,andannotation(text)thathave topology(definedrelationshipsbetweenfeatures)betweenfeaturesthatarewithinorbetweenfeature classes.

CADfeaturedatasets TheArcGISfeaturerepresentationofaCADfile.CADfeaturedatasetscancontainonetofivereadonly featureclasses:points,polylines,polygons,multipatches,andannotation. CADfeatureclasses ReadonlymembersofaCADfeaturedataset.

SDCdatasets

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ASmartDataCompressiondatasetcontainsreadonlyfeatureclasses,allofwhichhavethesame attributeinformaitonbutwithdifferentlevelsofgeneralityintheshapes.SDCdataisencryptedand compressed.ESRIusestheformattoprovideStreetMapdata.Commercialdatavendorsdistributing streetdataforgeocodingandroutingwithvariousESRIsoftwareproductsalsouseSDC. SDCfeatureclasses Storeasetofpoints,lines,andpolygonsthatmayormaynothavetopologydeterminingrelationships betweenfeaturesthatarewithinorbetweenfeatureclasses. SDCfeatureclassessupportalicensingmechanismthatisusedtobindaccesstoaspecificArcGIS application,suchasArcReader,ortoaspecificextension,suchasArcGISBusinessAnalyst.

VPFdatasets TheseareaU.S.DepartmentofDefensemilitarystandardthatdefinesastandardformat,structure,and organizationforlargegeographicdatabases.VPFdatasetscontainfeatureclassesthatarereadonly. VPFfeatureclasses VPFfeatureclassesareacollectionoffeaturesthathavethesameattributes.Eachfeatureclass containspoint,line,polygon,orannotationfeatures,andhasanassociatedfeatureattributetable.This typeoffeatureclassisreadonly.

Rasterdata Rasterdatasets AcollectionofoneormorebandsofasupportedrastertypesuchasTIFF,ESRIGRIDorMrSID.Raster datasetscanliveinafolderinafilesystem.

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Rasterdatasetbands Abandsisamatrixofsquarecellsthatdescribesthecharacteristicsofanareaandtheirrelative positionsinspace.Eachcellcontainsavalueindicatingwhatitrepresents.

Rastercatalogs Rastercatalogsareacollectionofrasterdatasetsorganizedinatable.Tablerecordsdefinethe individualrasterdatasetsincludedinthecatalog.Therearetimeswhenitisnecessaryordesirableto displayadjacentoroverlappingrasterdatasetswithouthavingtomosaicthemintoalargefile.Raster catalogsaredesignedtoavoidtheneedtomosaic.

TINdata TINdatasets Thesearedatasetsoftenusedtodisplayandanalyzesurfaces.TINdatasetscontainirregularlyspaced pointsthathavex,ycoordinatesdescribingtheirlocationandazvaluethatdescribesthesurfaceatthat particularpoint.TINscanbeusedtorepresentelevation,precipitation,temperature,andmore.

Layerdata Layerdataistemporarilystoredinmemory;itisnotstoredonsavedondisk.Assuch,itonlyremains availablewithinthecurrentsession.LayerscreatedinArcCatalogcannotbeusedinArcMapandlayers createdinArcMapcannotbeusedinArcCatalog. Oneoftheprincipalpurposesoflayersistoallowforattributeorlocationalselectionswithoutaffecting theoriginaldatasource. Layerfiles Layerfiles(.lyr)arefilesthatcontainmultiplereferencestogeographicdatastoredonyourdisk.When layerfilesareopenedmultiplegeograhicfilesareaccessed.Mostofthedatasourcessupportedin

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ArcCatalogcanbereferenced.Layerfilesareusedtopresentacartographicviewofyourgeographic data.

Geostatisticallayerfiles ThesearefilescreatedbytheArcGISGeostatisticalAnalystExtension.

Tabledata Tables Tablescontaindataelementsarrangedinrowsandcolumns.Eachrowrepresentsanindividualentity, record,orfeature,andeachcolumnrepresentsasinglefieldorattributevalue.Tablescancontain attributesthatcanbejoinedtodatasetstoprovidereadilyaccessibleadditionalinformationabout geographicdata.

ViewingDatainArcCatalog: OncetheuserhassuccessfullyacquiredGISdatainoneoftheaforementionedsupportedformats,itcan bepreviewedusingtheArcCatalogapplication.Note:Ifthedataformatislistedundertheabove heading"ArcGISSupportedDataTypes,"itcanbesimplyviewedwithouttheneedtoactuallyimport usinganimportutility.Ifthedataformatislistedunderanyoftheotherheadings(above),thedatawill firstneedtobeimported.ThiscanbedoneusingArcToolbox.ThebasicsofusingArcToolboxwillbe describedlater. TheArcCatalogapplicationwindowincludesthecatalogdisplaythatallowsyoutopreviewdata,either spatiallyortabularly,acatalogtreeforbrowsingthedata,andseveraltoolbars.

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Thedatacanbepreviewedbynavigatingtoitslocationinthecatalogtree.Ifthefolderornetworkdrive thatcontainstheuser'sdataisnotshownintheexistingcatalogtree,theConnecttoFolderbuttoncan beused.

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OncetheGISdataislistedinthecatalogtree,navigatetoitusingtheplussign("+")nexttothedata foldersandsimplyclickonthedatalayer.SelectthePreviewtabatthetopofthecatalogdisplay.The layerwillnowbevisibleinthecatalogdisplaysectionofArcCatalog. Thegeographytoolbarcanbeusedtozoominandout,panaroundtheimage,viewthefullextentof thedatalayer,identifyattributescontainedwithinthefeaturesofthedatalayer,andcreateathumbnail viewoftheimage.

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ZoomIn/Out:tousethistool,theusercanselecttheZoombuttonfromthegeographytoolbar. Withinthecatalogdisplay,aboxcanbedrawnaroundthedesiredareatheuserwishestozoom inorout.Alternatively,theusermayclickwithinthecatalogdisplayonaspecificlocationto zoomin/out. Pan:Tousethistool,theusercanselectthePanbuttonfromthegeographytoolbar.Withinthe catalogdisplay,theusercanclickanddragtheentiremaplayertoitsdesiredlocation. FullExtent:Tousethistool,theusercanselecttheFullExtentbuttonfromthegeography toolbar.Thiswillautomaticallyupdatethecatalogdisplaysothatitdisplaystheentiredatalayer withintheframe. Identify:Tousethistool,theusercanselecttheIdentifybuttonfromthegeographytoolbar. Withinthecatalogdisplay,theusercanclickonafeature(point,line,orarea).Aflashscreenwill appearthatshowstheattributes(fromthedatalayer'sattributetable)associatedwiththe selectedfeature. CreateThumbnail:Tousethistool,theusercanselecttheCreateThumbnailbuttonfromthe geographytoolbar.AnimageofthedatashownonthePreviewtabissavedasathumbnail graphic.Thisgraphicappearsinthecontentstabofthecatalogdisplay.

Aswellaspreviewingthegeographyofadataset,theusercanalsopreviewtheattributes.Atthe bottomofthecatalogdisplay,thereisapreviewdropdownlist.Thisallowstheusertovieweitherthe geographyortheassociatedattributetableforthedatalayer.

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Oncetheattributetableisvisible,theusercanscrollthroughthetabletoseetheattributescontained withinthethedatalayer.
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Inadditiontopreviewingthegeographyandtheattributetableofadatalayer,theusercanviewor createmetadata.ByclickingontheMetadatatabinthecatalogdisplay,technicalinformationaboutthe dataset(suchasitscoordinatesystem,itsspatialextent,descriptionofitsattributes,anddescriptive informationaboutwhenandhowthedatawascreated)canbeobtained. ThetechnicalmetadataismaintainedautomaticallybyArcCatalog.However,thedescriptive informationmustbeupdatedbytheuserswhomanipulateandmanagethedata.ThoughArcCatalog doesnotrequiretheusertomaintainthisinformation,itisimportantfortheGISusertodothis.For moreinformationonhowtomanagemetadataclicktheContentstabintheArcGISDesktopHelpand navigatetoArcCatalog/WorkingwithMetadata. ViewingDatainArcMap: TheArcMapapplicationwindowconsistsofamapdisplayforviewingspatialdata,atableofcontents forlistingthelayersshowninthedisplayandavarietyoftoolbarsforworkingwithdata.

WhenArcMapopens,theArcMapdialogappearsontopoftheapplicationwindow.Toopenadata layer,theusercanspecify,whetherornottheywanttostartusingArcMapwithanewemptymap,a template,oranexistingmap.

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ANewEmptyMap:Theusercanselectthisoptioniftheyhavedatalayerstheywouldliketo viewand/ormanipulate.Afterselectingthisoption,theusercanaddalloftheirGISdatalayers andsaveitasamapfile.Oncethisoperationhasbeenperformed,theusercanbegintheirnext ArcMapsessionbyopeningtheexistingmapfile,insteadofaddingalloftheirdatalayersagain. ATemplate:Theusercanselectthisoptioniftheywanttouselayoutsandbasemapsthathave alreadybeencreated/providedforvariousgeographicregions. AnExistingMap:Theusercanselectthisoptioniftheyhavealreadycreatedamapfilethat containsallofthedatalayerstheywishtoworkwith.

Therearetwowaystoadddatalayerstothemapdisplay: 1.GotoFile/AddData...onthemainmenutoolbarORclickontheAddDatabuttononthestandard toolbar.

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Navigatetothedatalayerofinterest.Selectit,andclicktheAddbutton.

2.SimplyclickthenameofthedatalayerfromtheArcCatalogdatatree,anddragitanywherewithin theArcMapdisplay.

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TheusercanaddmultipledatalayerstotheArcMapDisplay,regardlessofwhetherornotalldatalayers arespatiallyalike(havethesameprojectionanddatum).ArcGIStransformslayersofdifferent projectionanddatum"onthefly"totheArcMapDisplay.

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Theselayerscanbetemporarilymadevisibleorinvisiblebyclickingonthecheckboxlocatednextto eachlayernameintheArcMaptableofcontents. Whenmultipledatalayersarevisible,theusercandragalayertothetopofthetableofcontentsin ordertoplacethatdatalayerontopofalloftheotherlayers.InthefollowingexampletheInterstate Highwaylayerwasmovedtothetopofthetableofcontentsinordertomakedatavisiblewithinthe mapdisplaywindow.

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Inthetableofcontents,theusercanrightclickonthenameofadatalayer.Acontextmenuopens, whichallowstheusertobeginavarietyofoperations.

TheArcMapToolstoolbarcanbeusedtodoavarietyofoperations.Thetoolbarmayinitiallybe orientedvertically,butitsorientationcanbechangedbydraggingoneofitscorners.Additionally,itcan bemovedsothatitslocationisnexttothestandardtoolbar.

ZoomIn/Out:Tousethistool,theusercanselectthezoombuttonfromtheToolstoolbar. Withinthemapdisplay,aboxcanbedrawnaroundthedesiredareatheuserwishestozoom in/out.Alternatively,theusermayclickwithinthemapdisplayonaspecificlocationtozoom in/out. FixedZoomIn/Out:Tousethistool,theusercanclickonthefixedzoomin/outbuttononthe Toolstoolbar.Themapdisplaywillzoomin/outonthecenterofthedatalayer.

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Pan:Tousethistool,theusercanselectthepanbuttonfromtheToolstoolbar.Withinthemap display,theusercanclickanddragtheentiremaplayertoitsdesiredlocation. FullExtent:Tousethistool,theusercanselectthefullextentbuttonfromtheToolstoolbar. Thiswillautomaticallyupdatethemapdisplaysothatitdisplaystheentiredatalayerwithinthe frame. GoBacktoPreviousExtent:Tousethistool,theusercanselectthegobacktopreviousextent buttonontheToolstoolbar.Themapdisplayautomaticallygoesbacktothepreviousextentthe userwasviewing. GotoNextExtent:Tousethistool,theusercanselectthegotonextextentbuttononthe Toolstoolbar.Themapdisplaywillgoforwardagainthroughthesequenceofextentstheuser hasbeenviewinginthemapdisplay. SelectFeatures:Tousethistool,theusercanselecttheselectfeaturesbuttonontheTools toolbar.Then,theusercanclickonafeaturewithinthedatalayertoselectit.Thetoolcanalso beusedtodrawaboxaroundasetoffeaturestoselectthemall.Additionally,theSHIFTkeycan behelddowninordertoselectmultiplefeatures. o TheusercanusetheSETSELECTABLELAYERScommandintheselectionpulldown menutocontrolwhichlayersthistoolwillselectfeaturesfrom.Thistoolwillonlyselect featuresfromlayersthatarecheckedintheSetSelectablelayersdialog.Bydefault,all thelayerscontainingfeaturesareselectable. o TheusercanusetheINTERACTIVESELECTIONMETHODpullrightintheselectionpull downmenutocontrolwhetherselectingfeatureswiththistoolwillunselectany featuresthatarealreadyselected,oraddthefeaturesselectedtothesetofcurrently selectedfeatures. o TheusercanusetheOPTIONScommandintheselectionpulldownmenutocontrol otheraspectsofhowthistoolworks,suchaswhetherornotfeatureshavetofall completelyinsidetheboxtheuserdragswiththistoolinordertobeselected. SelectElements:Tousethistool,theusercanselecttheselectelementsbuttonontheTools toolbar.Thisbuttonallowstheusertoselect,resize,andmovegraphicssuchaslines,boxes, text,labels,northarrows,scalebars,andpicturedrawnonyourmap.Theusercanclickona graphictoselectit;holddownSHIFTwhileclickingtoselectmultiplegraphics;ordrawabox withthetooltoselectallthegraphicsinsidethebox. Identify:Tousethistool,theusercanselecttheidentifybuttonfromtheToolstoolbar.Within themapdisplay,theusercanclickonafeature(point,line,orarea).Aflashscreenwillappear thatshowstheattributesassociatedwiththatfeaturethatiscontainedinthedatalayer's attributetable. Find:Tousethistool,theusercanselectthefindbuttonfromtheToolstoolbar.Thisfinds particulargeographicfeaturesinthemap.Featurescanbefoundbasedonthevalueofoneof theirattributes. Measure:Tousethistool,theusercanselectthemeasurebuttonfromtheToolstoolbar.This toolallowstheusertomeasuredistancesonthedatalayer.Asalineisdrawnwiththistool,the lengthofthelineisshowninthestatusbar.Alinecanbedrawnwithmultiplesegments.The usercanclickoncetostartanewsegment,anddoubleclickorpressESCtofinish.Thedistance isshowninthedistanceunitsspecifiedinthedataframepropertiesdialog. Hyperlink:Tousethistool,theusercanselectthehyperlinkbuttonfromtheToolstoolbar.This toolallowstheusertoclickonafeaturetotriggerahyperlink.Thistoolwillbeinactiveifno hyperlinkshavebeendefinedforanyofthefeaturelayersinthemapdisplay.Ifauserwantsto
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usehyperlinkstheyhavetobedefinedbeforethistoolcanbeused.Moreabouthyperlinkscan befoundintheArcMaphelpsection. Ausercanzoomintoaregionofinterestwithintheirdatalayer,andsavethatzoomedlocation.This allowstheusertoeasilynavigatebacktothatregionofinterest.ThiscanbedonebygoingtotheView Menu,pointingtoBookmarks,andclickingCreate.

Adialogboxappearsthatallowstheusertonamethespatialbookmark.

Afteraspatialbookmarkhasbeensaved,theusercanclicktheViewmenu,pointtobookmarks,andthe namewillappearinthebookmarklist.Iftheuserselectsthebookmarks,themapdisplaywill automaticallyzoomtothatlocation. InaGIS,afeatureonamapmaybeassociatedwithagreatdealofinformation.Thisinformationis storedinanattributetable.Alayer'sattributetablecontainsarow(orrecord)foreveryfeatureinthe layerandacolumn(orfield)foreveryattributeorcategoryofinformation.

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ToopentheattributetableforadatalayerinArcMap,rightclickonthelayerinthetableofcontents. Selectopenattributetable.

BelowisanexampleofanattributetableforUnitedStatesGISdatalayer.TheFIDfieldcontainsa uniqueidentificationnumberforeveryrecord(oreveryfeaturewithinthemap).Theintersectionofa recordandafieldisacell.Acellcontainsanattributevalue.Forexample,theattributevalueofthe STATE_NAMEfieldforthefirstrecordis"Hawaii."

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Records,aswellasfields,canbehighlighted.Whenarecordishighlightedinatable,itscorresponding featureishighlightedonamap.Ahighlightedrecordorfeatureissaidtobeselected. Theusercanhighlightarecordinatablebyclickingontheleftedgeoftherecordofinterestinthe table.Oncetherecordisselected,thecorrespondingfeaturewillbeselectedinthemapdisplay.

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Theusercanclearselectionsbyclickingontheoptionsmenuatthebottomoftheattributetableand selectingtheclearselectionoption.Therecordbecomesunselectedinthetableandinthemapdisplay.

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Variousstatisticscanalsobecomputedforaparticularattributefield.Toperformthisoperationthe usershouldrightclickonthefieldofinterest,andselectstatistics.

Adialogboxappearswiththestatisticsforthatselectedfield.Thestatisticsboxdisplaysthenumberof recordsinthetableandtheminimum,maximum,sum,mean,andstandarddeviationvalues.The frequencydistributionchartrepresentsthedistributionofvaluesgraphically.Thefollowingshowsarea statisticsusingallrecordsintheattributetable.

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UsingArcToolbox: ArcToolboxistheapplicationthatprovidesanenvironmentforperforminggeographicinformation system(GIS)analysis.ArcToolboxallowstheusertoperformavarietyofgeoprocessingtasksincluding dataconversion.GeoprocessingtoolsareorganizedintotoolboxesandtoolsetswithinArcToolbox.The toolboxisorganizedintotoolsetsthatprovidesolutionsfordifferenttypesoftasks.Theeleventoolsets maybeseenlistedinthegraphicimmediatelybelow.Fourofthemorefrequentlyusedarebriefly described.

AnalysisTools:Thistoolsetisdesignedtoallowuserstoperformanalysisofvectordata includingfeatureandattributeextractions,geographicoverlays,createbuffers,calculate statisticsonattributedata,andperformproximityanalysis.Iftheuserwantstosolveaspatial orstatisticalprobleminthevectorenvironment,thistoolsetshouldbeused. ConversionTools:Thistoolsetcontainsthetoolsneededtoconvertdatabetweenvarious formats.Thetoolsareorganizedintosmallertoolsetsthatpertaintothetypeofconversion beingperformed.Mostcommonlyuseddataformatsaresupported.Theusercanconvert rastertootherformats,prepareandconvertfeaturestoanativecomputeraideddesign(CAD)

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format,convert:featureclassestocoverageformat;tablestodBaseformat;featuresandCAD filestogeodatabasefeatureclasses;datatorasters;andconvertfeaturestoshapefiles.This toolsetshouldbeusedwheneverauserneedstochangefromonetypeofdatasettoanother.

DataManagementTools:Thistoolsetallowstheusertomanageandmaintainfeatureclasses, datasets,layers,andrasterdatastructures.Databasejoinoperations,topologybuilding, projectionsandtransformationsoperations,workspacemanagement,andmuchmore.Ifthe userneedstomodifythecharacteristicsofaparticulardatasettheycandosousingthistoolset. SpatialAnalystTools:Thistoolsetisdesignedtoallowuserstoperformcellbased(raster) analysisincludingavarietyofneighborhood,overlay,reclass,mapalgebra,extractions,density, distance,costsurfacefunctions,andmore.Iftheuserwantstosolveaspatialorstatistical problemintherasterenvironment,thistoolsetshouldbeused.

TheusercanaccessArcToolboxthrougheitherArcCatalogorArcMapviatheArcToolbox(redtoolbox) icononthestandardtoolbar.Inthegraphicbelowtwoshapefiles(intrstat.shpandstates.shp)have beenaddedtoArcMap.FromArcMapArcToolboxwascalledup,theConversionToolstoolboxopened, andtheExporttoCADtoolselectedtoconverttheintrstat.shpfile'sfeaturestotheDWG_R2004 format. InbothArcMapandArcCatalogtheusermayeithernavigatetothedatatobeusedwithinaparticular tool,orthedatalayercanbedraganddroppedfromthetableofcontentsorcatalogtreerespectively, intothedialogboxofthetoolboxofinterest.ToperformthisoperationtheArcToolboxiconshouldcan beselected.IntheToolbox,atoolofinterestcanbedoubleclickedtostart.Theusercanthenclick anddragonthedataset(inthetableofcontentsorcatalogtree)anddropinthe"adddata"boxofthe tool.

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