Hy s huTuyn tp100 thi th C-H gii chi tit v 4 tp cha kha vng

gii nhanh ha hc.

THI TUYN SINH I HC, CAO NG NM 2012

Mn thi : HA, khi A - M : 384
BI GII CA: Thc s : Nguyn Vn Ph: 01652.146.888
hoc 098.92.92.117
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BN L GIO VIN TR, NNG NG, TM HUYT VI NGH NH GIO V
KHNG HS XEM L KHNG CP NHT, PHNG PHP C, GII CC BI
TON CHM V T CCH GII HAY, CHA HIU QU... TH BN HY GI
IN CHO TI S HU 40 CHA KHA VNG+ 6 CHUYN GII NHANH
BNG MY TNH+ 100 THI TH GII CHI TIT...

- Nhng iu lu trc khi nhn xt:

1. Bn tng xem qua cch gii nhanh bng my tnh ca cc thi H-C cc nm 2010,2011
2. Bn c qua mt vi cha kha vng trong b su tp 40 CKV.
3. Bn phi lm dng bi ton ny nhiu ln hoc c GV hng dn ri.
4. Bn cn c my tnh FX570ES (PLUZ cng tt).
5. Bn phi c k nng gii ton trong ha hc tt.
6. Bn phi nm v thuc ht cc cng thc gii nhanh m ti khuyn bn.
7. Bn phi thuc khi lng mol cc cht v c cng nh hu c.
8. Bn phi nm c quy lut ng phn, ctct..ca axit, ancol, anhit, amin, este, amino axit, ...ete,
xeton, ng ng phenol, ng ng anilin....
9. Bn phi thuc tt c cc tn gi v ctct thu gn ca tt c cc hp cht hu c c trong SGK
10. Tnh cht ha hc ca tng cht, tng nguyn t, cc dy ng ng, cc cht c bit...
Cho bit nguyn t khi ca cc nguyn t :
H = 1; C = 12; N = 14; O = 16; Na = 23; Mg = 24; Al = 27; S = 32; Cl = 35,5;
K = 39; Ca = 40; Cr = 52, Fe = 56; Cu = 64; Zn = 65; Br = 80; Ag=108; Ba = 137.
PHN CHUNG CHO TT C TH SINH (40 cu, t cu 1 n cu 40)
Cu 1 : Nguyn t R to c cation R+. Cu hnh electron phn lp ngoi cng ca R+ ( trng thi c bn)
l 2p6. Tng s ht mang in trong nguyn t R l
A. 11.
B. 10.
C. 22.
D. 23.
HD: Ch cn nhn vo cu hnh ion cng bit ngay kim loi Na ( nm 11, in tch Z =11+, c 11e, 11p, 12
n) nn tng ht mang in l 11+11=22, cu ny ko cn thn d chon 11 . Vi 10 s chn p n ng l C.
Ch : cn hc thuc v nm bn cht 30 nguyn t u tin trong BTH.
Cu 2: in phn 150 ml dung dch AgNO 3 1M vi in cc tr trong t gi, cng dng in khng i
2,68A (hiu sut qu trnh in phn l 100%), thu c cht rn X, dung dch Y v kh Z. Cho 12,6 gam Fe
vo Y, sau khi cc phn ng kt thc thu c 14,5 gam hn hp kim loi v kh NO (sn phm kh duy nht
ca N+5). Gi tr ca t l
A. 0.8.
B. 0,3.
C. 1,0.
D. 1,2.
HD 1: 4AgNO3 + 2H2O 4Ag + 4HNO3 + O2 dung dch Y l HNO3 (x mol) v AgNO3 d (0,15 x) mol
x mol
x mol
Sau phn ng thu c hn hp kim loi nn Fe phn ng vi dung dch Y to mui Fe 2+
3Fe + 8HNO3 3Fe(NO3)2 + 2NO + 4H2O;
Fe
+ 2AgNO3 Fe(NO3)2 + 2Ag
3x/8
x
(mol) (0,15 x)/2 (0,15 x)
(0,15 x) (mol)
m KL tng = mAg mFe phn ng 14,5 12,6 = 108.(0,15 x) 56.[3x/8 + (0,15 x)/2] x = 0,1 mol

0,1.1.96500
I.t
t=
= 1,0 gi.
2,68.3600
F
HD 2: Cc phn ng ln lt xy ra:
n e trao i = 1.nAg+ =

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Hy s huTuyn tp100 thi th C-H gii chi tit v 4 tp cha kha vng
gii nhanh ha hc.
dpdd
4AgNO3 + 2H2O
4Ag + 4HNO3 + O2
x mol
x mol
+
2+
3Fe + 2NO3 + 8H 3Fe + 2NO + 4H2O. (do Fe cn d).
0,375x
x mol
Fe + 2Ag+ 3Fe2+ + 2Ag
0,5y mol
y mol
y mol
Gii h : x + y = 0,15 v 108.y - (0,375x + 0,5y).56 = 14,5 - 12,6 = 1.9
x = 0,1 mol.
0,1.1.96500
I.t
t=
n e trao i = 1.nAg+ =
= 1,0 gi
2,68.3600
F
Cu 3: Cho cc pht biu sau:
(a) Cht bo c gi chung l triglixerit hay triaxylglixerol.
(b) Cht bo nh hn nc, khng tan trong nc nhng tan nhiu trong dung mi hu c.
(c) Phn ng thy phn cht bo trong mi trng axit l phn ng thun nghch.
(d) Tristearin, triolein c cng thc ln lt l: (C17H33COO)3C3H5, (C17H35COO)3C3H5.
S pht biu ng l
A. 3.
B. 2.
C. 4.
D. 1.
HD: p n ng l A ( a,b,c) . nu khng ch s chn lun c d nu khng thuc tn gi v cng thc.
Tristearin, triolein c cng thc ln lt l: (C17H35COO)3C3H5. (C17H33COO)3C3H5,
Ch : Tripamitin, (C15H31COO)3C3H5. Trilinolein (C17H31COO)3C3H5., Trilinolenin (C17H29COO)3C3H5
Cu 4: Cho dy cc cht: stiren, ancol benzylic, anilin, toluen, phenol (C6H5OH). S cht trong dy c kh
nng lm mt mu nc brom l
A. 4.
B. 3.
C. 5.
D. 2.
HD : ch 5s bn s c 0,2 im: stiren, , anilin, , phenol
Stiren: C6H5CH=CH2 + Br2 C6H5CHBrCH2Br
Anilin: C6H5NH2 + 3Br2 C6H2Br3NH2 + 3HBr
Phenol: C6H5OH + 3Br2 C6H2Br3OH + 3HBr

Ch : -Nhng cht lm mt mu nc brom(tc dng vi dung dch brom) gm:

-Lin kt bi (lin kt i, lin kt ba): v d: etilen, axetilen, vinyl benzen( stiren), iso pren( 2metyl-buta1-3
dien), xiclo propan, metyl xiclo propan ( vng 3 cch)...
- phenol, anilin(phenyl amin), axit fomic, axit acrylic, axit metacrylic, vinylaxetat, vinyl xianua, anlyl clorua...
- c chc andehit R-CHO, glucozo, mantozo,...

Cu 5: Cho cc phn ng sau :

(a) H2S + SO2
(c) SiO2 + Mg

ti le mol 1:2

(b) Na2S2O3 + dung dch H2SO4 (long)

(d) Al2O3 + dung dch NaOH

(e) Ag + O3
(g) SiO2 + dung dch HF
S phn ng to ra n cht l
A. 4.
B. 5.
C. 6.
D. 3.
HD : ch 15s bn s c 0,2 im: d dng chn A
(a) H2S + SO2 S+H2O
(b) Na2S2O3 + dung dch H2SO4 (long) S+SO2+ Na2SO4.+H2O
(c) SiO2 + 2Mg

2MgO+ Si
ti le mol 1:2

(e) Ag + O3 Ag2O+ O2
Ch : (d) Al2O3 + 2 NaOH 2NaAlO2+ H2O
(g) SiO2 + dung dch 4HF SiF4+2H2O
Cu 6: Cho s phn ng :
xuctac
(a) X + H2O
Y
(b) Y + AgNO3 + NH3 + H2O amoni gluconat + Ag + NH4NO3
xuctac
(c) Y
E+Z
anh sang
X+G
(d) Z + H2O
chat diepluc
X, Y, Z ln lt l:
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Hy s huTuyn tp100 thi th C-H gii chi tit v 4 tp cha kha vng
gii nhanh ha hc.

A. Tinh bt, glucoz, etanol.

B. Tinh bt, glucoz, cacbon ioxit.
C. Xenluloz, saccaroz, cacbon ioxit.
D. Xenluloz, fructoz, cacbon ioxit.
HD : ch 15s bn s c 0,2 im:
anh sang
X + G trc nh
cc bn nn xem Z phn ng (d) Z + H2O
chat diepluc
xuctac
(a) (C6H10O5)n (X) + nH2O
n C6H12O6 (Y)
(b) C6H12O6 (Y) + 2AgNO3 + 3NH3 + H2O C5H11O5-COONH4 + 2Ag + 2NH4NO3
xuctac
(c) C6H12O6 (Y)
C2H5OH (E) + 2CO2 (Z)
anh sang
(C6H10O5)n (X) + O2 (G)
(d) CO2 (Z) + H2O
chat diepluc

Cu 7: Qung no sau y giu st nht?

A. Pirit st.
B. Hematit .
C. Manhetit.
D. Xierit.
HD : ch 2s bn s c 0,2 im:
Qung giu st nht th phi ngh ngay n i bng giu truyn thng v tin bc nht th gii l cu lc b
bng MANCHESTER UNITED (MAN)
Xierit: FeCO3 (48,28%)

. Manhetit: Fe3O4 (72,41%) . Hematit : Fe2O3 (70,00%) . Pirit st: FeS2 (46,67%).

Cu 8: Hn hp X c khi lng 82,3 gam gm KClO 3, Ca (ClO3)2, CaCl2 v KCl. Nhit phn hon ton X thu
c 13,44 lt O2 (ktc), cht rn Y gm CaCl2 v KCl. Ton b Y tc dng va vi 0,3 lt dung dch K 2CO3
1M thu c dung dch Z. Lng KCl trong Z nhiu gp 5 ln lng KCl trong X. Phn trm khi lng KCl
trong X l
A. 25,62%.
B. 12,67%.
C. 18,10%.
D. 29,77%.
HD 1: Quy i hn hp thnh: CaCl2, KCl v O2 (0.6 mol)
t0
KCl
KCl

0,4 mol

0,4 mol

CaCl2 + K2CO3
CaCO3 +
0,3 mol

0.3 mol

2KCl

0.6 mol

(0,3.111 - 0,6.32)
= 0,4 mol , nKClbandau =1/5 KCl sau = 0,2 mol
Ta c : n KCl = 82,3 74,5
(0,2. 74,5.100)
= 18,10 (%). Vy C ng
%KCl =
82,3
HD 2: Bo ton klg suy ra klg hhY= 82,3- 0,6.32= 63,1g. S mol K 2CO3 =0,3 suy ra CaCO3=0,3 vy CaCl2=
0,3 nn KCl trong Y= (63,1-0,3.111)/74,5= 0,4. Suy ra KCl trong ddZ= 0,6+0,4=1. Suy ra s mol KCl trong
X= 1/5=0,2. %klg KCl trong x= 0,2.74,5/82,3= 18,1%.
HD 3:nu kh hiu th xem cch ny nh.
t
2KClO3
2KCl + 3O 2 (1)

o
t
X Ca(ClO3 ) 2
CaCl 2 + 3O 2 (2) Y
CaCl ; KCl CaCl ; KCl
2
(X)
2
(X )

CaCl2 + K 2 CO3
CaCO3 + 2KCl (3)

0, 6 mol Z
0,3 0,3
KCl
KCl (Y)
(Y)

n O2 = 0, 6 mol ; mX = mY + m O2 mY = 63,1 gam

m KCl ( Y ) = m Y m CaCl2 (Y) = 63,1 0,3 111 = 29,8 gam
m KCl ( Z ) = m KCl (Y) + m KCl (pt 3) = 29,8 + 0, 6 74,5 = 74,5 gam
14,9 100
1
1
= 18,10%. Vy C ng
= m KCl ( Z ) = 74,5 = 14,9 gam %m KCl(X ) =
82,3
5
5
Cu 9: Hn hp M gm mt anken v hai amin no, n chc, mch h X v Y l ng ng k tip (M X <
MY). t chy hon ton mt lng M cn dng 4,536 lt O 2 (ktc) thu c H2O, N2 v 2,24 lt CO2 (ktc).
Cht Y l
A. etylmetylamin.
B. butylamin.
C. etylamin.
D. propylamin.
HD 1: bi ny cng kh cht thi,
m KCl

(X)

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Hy s huTuyn tp100 thi th C-H gii chi tit v 4 tp cha kha vng
gii nhanh ha hc.
nCO2 +nH2O
CnH2n

CmH2m+3N
mCO2 +

2m+3
2

H2O + 21 N2

Bo ton nguyn t: nH2O = 2.nO2 2.nCO2 = 2.0,2025 2.0,1= 0,205

3
2

namin = nH O nCO = 0,205 0,1 = 0,105 namin = 0,07 mol m <

2

nCO

namin

0,1
0,07

= 1,43

Hai amin l CH3NH2 (X) v C2H5NH2 (Y). Vy Y l etylamin.

HD 2: AD bo ton oxi ta c 0,205 mol H2O (O pu = O nc + O CO2)

chay
CmH2m + 3m/2 O2
m H2O

mCO2 +
chay
2CnH2n+3N
2nCO2 + (2n+3) H2O + N2

Do anken s mol H2O = CO2 nn: Ta c :

2n (2n+3)
=
=>n =1,4
0,1 0,205

Hai amin l CH3NH2 (X) v

C2H5NH2 (Y). Vy Y l etylamin.

HD 3: c th tham kho cch sau

Bo ton oxi suy ra s mol H2O= (4,536/22,4- 2,24/22,4).2= 0,205. Hiu s mol H2O-CO2= 0,105 l do amin
gy ra.
CnH2n x mol
CmH2m+3N + O2 -----> mCO2 + (m+1,5)H2O + 1/2N2
1mol
m
(m+1,5)
1/2mol hiu s mol H2O-CO2 = 1,5
?
?
hiu s = 0,105
S mol amin=0,07. Vy mol hhM > 0,07; suy ra s C trong pt hhM < 0,1(molCO 2)/0,07= 1,4. Nh vy
hhM c 1 cht s C <1,4 ko th l anken m phi l amin CH3NH2 nn Y l etylamin.
Cu 10: Dy cht no sau y u th hin tnh oxi ha khi phn ng vi SO2?
A. H2S, O2, nc brom.B. O2, nc brom, dung dch KMnO4.
C. Dung dch NaOH, O2, dung dch KMnO4.
D. Dung dch BaCl2, CaO, nc brom.
HD : ch 10s bn s c 0,2 im:
H2S th hin tnh kh, NaOH phn ng trao i,
2SO2 + O2

2SO3;

SO2 + Br2 + 2H2O 2HBr + H2SO4

5SO2 + 2KMnO4 + 2H2O K2SO4 + 2MnSO4 + 2H2SO4

SO2 th hin tnh kh. Do : O2, nc brom, dung dch KMnO4 th hin tnh oxi ha.

Cu 11: Trong ancol X, oxi chim 26,667% v khi lng. un nng X vi H 2SO4 c thu c anken Y.
Phn t khi ca Y l
A. 56.
B. 70.
C. 28.
D. 42.
HD : ch 20s bn s c 0,2 im: M ancol =

16
.100 = 60 => M anken = 60 18 = 42
26,667

Cu 12: Cho 2,8 gam bt st vo 200 ml dung dch gm AgNO3 0,1M v Cu(NO3)2 0,5M; khi cc phn ng
xy ra hon ton thu c m gam cht rn X. Gi tr ca m l
A. 4,72.
B. 4,08.
C. 4,48.
D. 3,20.
+
2+
HD 1: Ag +
1e Ag.
Cu +
2e Cu.
0,02
0,02
0,02mol
0,04
0,08
0,04 mol
Fe 2e Fe2+
Fe 2e Fe2+
0,01
0,02 mol
0,04
0,08 mol
Vy Fe v AgNO3 ht, Cu(NO3)2 d=> m = 0,02.108 + 0,04.64 = 4,72 (gam).
HD 2: S mol Fe =0,05; s mol Ag+= 0,02; Cu2+= 0,1. Th t p:
Fe + 2Ag+ 2Ag
0,01 0,02
0,02 cn 0,04mol Fe
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Hy s huTuyn tp100 thi th C-H gii chi tit v 4 tp cha kha vng
gii nhanh ha hc.

Fe+ Cu2+ = Cu
0,04 d 0,04. Klg m= 0,02.108 + 0,04.64= 4,72(gam).
Cu 13: Hirat ha 5,2 gam axetilen vi xc tc HgSO4 trong mi trng axit, un nng. Cho ton b cc cht
hu c sau phn ng vo mt lng d dung dch AgNO 3 trong NH3 thu c 44,16 gam kt ta. Hiu sut
phn ng hirat ha axetilen l
A. 80%.
B. 70%.
C. 92%.
D. 60%.
HD1:

C2H2
CH CH x mol AgNO /NH CAg CAg x mol
H O

44,16 gam

Hg , H
2y mol
2Ag
0,2mol
CH3CHO y mol

gii theo s

2
2+

x +y =0,2

Ta c:

x =0,04

H=

0,16

.100 = 80%

0,2
240x +108.2y =44,16 y =0,16
HD2: gii theo ptpu
CH CH + H2O CH3-CHO 2Ag
x mol
x mol
2x mol

CH CH + AgNO3/NH3
C2Ag2
y mol
y mol
Gii h x + y = 0,2 v 216 x + 240 y = 44,16
=> x = (0,16.100)/0,2 = 80 (%).
HD3: gii theo suy lun
: C2H2 ----------> CH3CHO ----> 2Ag
0,2
x-------------------> x ----------> 2x
C2H2 d (0,2-x) ---------------------------> C2Ag2(0,2-x) mol kt ta
Klg kt ta gm 2x.108 + (0,2 -x)240 =44,16
------> x = (0,16.100)/0,2 = 80 (%).
Cu 14: Hn hp X gm 2 amino axit no (ch c nhm chc COOH v NH 2 trong phn t), trong t l
mO : mN = 80 : 21. tc dng va vi 3,83 gam hn hp X cn 30 ml dung dch HCl 1M. Mt khc, t
chy hon ton 3,83 gam hn hp X cn 3,192 lt O 2 (ktc). Dn ton b sn phm chy (CO 2, H2O v N2) vo
nc vi trong d th khi lng kt ta thu c l
A. 20 gam.
B. 13 gam.
C. 10 gam.
D. 15 gam.
HD1 ; ta c 3,83 gam X + HCl nN = nHCl = 0,03 mol mN = 0,03.14 = 0,42 gam v mO = (80/21).0,42 = 1,6 gam
X gm C (x mol); H (y mol); O (1,6 gam); N (0,42 gam) CO2 (x mol) + H2O (y/2 mol)
Khi : 12.x + 1.y = 3,83 1,6 0,42 = 1,81 (mhhX) v

1,6
16

.1+

3,192

y
.2 = x.2 + .1 (bo ton O)
22,4
2

x = 0,13 ; y = 0,25. Do s mol kt ta = s mol CO2 = x = 0,13 mol. Vy m kt ta = 0,13.100 = 13 gam.

HD2 ; hhX c CT (H2N)xR(COOH)y hay CnH2n+2+2x-2yNxO2y suy ra 32y/14x= 80/21 nn y/x= 5/3. HCl p nhm
NH2 nn s mol NH2= 0,03 suy ra s mol COOH=0,05;
Gi s mol CO2, H2O sinh ra l a v b v s mol N2 = 0,03/2=0,015. Bo ton klg: Klg hhCO2;H2O= 3,83 +
3,192.32/22,4-0,015.28=7,97g vy 44a+18b=7,97 . Bo ton ng.t O ta c: 0,05.2+0,1425.2= 2a +b. Gii h
ny a= 0,13 Vy m kt ta = 0,13.100 = 13 gam.
Cu 15: Cho cc cp oxi ha kh c sp xp theo chiu tng dn tnh oxi ha ca dng oxi ha nh sau:
Fe2+/Fe, Cu2+/Cu, Fe3+/Fe2+. Pht biu no sau y l ng?
A. Cu2+ oxi ha c Fe2+ thnh Fe3+.
B. Fe3+ oxi ha c Cu thnh Cu2+.
C. Cu kh c Fe3+ thnh Fe.
D. Fe2+ oxi ha c Cu thnh Cu2+.
HD : ch 5s bn s c 0,2 im: chng ta lm bi nhiu lc khng nn quan tm n dy : Fe2+/Fe, Cu2+/Cu,
Fe3+/Fe2 V Fe3+ c tnh oxh mnh hn Cu2+ nn Fe3+ + Cu0 Fe2+ + Cu2+ . chn B
Cu 16: t chy hon ton 7,6 gam hn hp gm mt axit cacboxylic no, n chc, mch h v mt ancol
n chc (c s nguyn t cacbon trong phn t khc nhau) thu c 0,3 mol CO 2 v 0,4 mol H2O. Thc hin
phn ng este ha 7,6 gam hn hp trn vi hiu sut 80% thu c m gam este. Gi tr ca m l
A. 4,08.
B. 6,12.
C. 8,16.
D. 2,04.
HD: Axit no, n: CnH2nO2 nCO2 + nH2O. m 0,3 < 0,4 mol, do ancol t chy l ancol no, n.
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Hy s huTuyn tp100 thi th C-H gii chi tit v 4 tp cha kha vng
gii nhanh ha hc.
nCO
0,3
=
= 3. Ancol CH3OH hoc C2H5OH
Khi n ancol = 0,4 0,3 = 0,1 mol v s nguyn t cacbon <
nancol 0,1
2

TH1: CH3OH (0,1 mol) v CnH2nO2 (x mol)

`TH2: C2H5OH (0,1 mol) v CnH2nO2 (x mol)

0,1+ n.x = 0,3

x = 0,05

(tm)

32.0,1+ (14n + 32)x = 7,6 n = 4

0,1.2 + n.x = 0,3

x = 0,05

(loi)

46.0,1+ (14n + 32)x = 7,6 n = 2

C4H8O2 + CH3OH

C5H10O2

+ H2O

0,05
0,1
80%.0,05 m = 80%.0,05.102 = 4,08 gam.
CCH KHC;CnH2nO2 , CmH2m+2O . Khi chy th s mol ancol = smol H 2O-CO2= 0,1. gi s mol axit =x
Bo ton khi lng suy ra klg oxi= 0,3.44+0,4.18-7,6= 12,8 l 0,4mol. Bo ton ng.t oxi ta c: 2x +0,1
+0,4.2 = 0,3.2+ 0,4 vy x= 0,05. S mol CO 2 = 0,05n + 0,1m=0,3 nn n +2m= 6. V n khc m nn m=1 v n=4.
CTPT este C5H10O2. Suy ra ancol d; theo l thuyt s mol este= s mol axit=0,05. m = 80%.0,05.102 = 4,08
gam.

Cu 17: Phn trm khi lng ca nguyn t R trong hp cht kh vi hiro (R c s oxi ha thp nht) v
trong oxit cao nht tng ng l a% v b%, vi a : b = 11 : 4. Pht biu no sau y l ng?
A. Oxit cao nht ca R iu kin thng l cht rn.
B. Nguyn t R ( trng thi c bn) c 6 electron s.
C. Trong bng tun hon cc nguyn t ha hc, R thuc chu k 3.
D. Phn t oxit cao nht ca R khng c cc.
HD1:

%R (RH x )
%R (R 2O8 x )

%C (CH 4 )
%C (CO2 )

12 12 11
:
= R l Cacbon.
16 44 4

Oxit cao nht l CO2 c cu to O=C=O phn t khng cc

CC nguyn t trn thng l C, S, N, P,...cho d tm ra nguyn t no ri cng kh chn p n ng, v

mi mnh u i hi kin thc hc:
- V d: CO2 c cu trc thng i xng v khng c cc ( m men lng cc bng khng)
HD2:t R nhm n nn CT oxit cao nht l R2On v cng thc R vi H l RH8-n
2R
R
11
(43n - 88)
:
=
=> R =
chon n =4 ---> R = 12 (C )
T gi thit suy ra:
(2R+16n) (R+8-n) 4
7
CT oxit cao nht l CO2 v CO2 c cu trc thng i xng nn chn D.
Cu 18: Hn hp X gm axit fomic, axit acrylic, axit oxalic v axit axetic. Cho m gam X phn ng ht vi
dung dch NaHCO3 thu c 1,344 lt CO2 (ktc). t chy hon ton m gam X cn 2,016 lt O 2 (ktc), thu
c 4,84 gam CO2 v a gam H2O. Gi tr ca a l
A. 1,62.
B. 1,80.
C. 3,60.
D. 1,44.
NaHCO
HD: X (COOH) CO2 nCOOH = nCO2 = 0,06 mol.
3

a
a = 1,44 gam.
18
Cu 19: Hn hp X gm Fe3O4 v Al c t l mol tng ng 1 : 3. Thc hin phn ng nhit nhm X (khng
c khng kh) n khi phn ng xy ra hon ton thu c hn hp gm
A. Al2O3 v Fe.
B. Al, Fe v Al2O3.
C. Al, Fe, Fe3O4 v Al2O3.
D. Al2O3, Fe v Fe3O4.
HD. P 8Al + 3Fe3O4 = 4Al2O3 + 9Fe. T t l mol theo gt suy ra Al d.
Cu 20: Hp cht X c cng thc C8H14O4. T X thc hin cc phn ng (theo ng t l mol):
(a) X + 2NaOH X1 + X2 + H2O
(b) X1 + H2SO4 X3 + Na2SO4
(c) nX3 + nX4 nilon-6,6 + 2nH2O
(d) 2X2 + X3 X5 + 2H2O
Phn t khi ca X5 l
A. 198.
B. 202.
C. 216.
D. 174.
HD:
(a) HOOC-[CH2]4-COOC2H5 + 2NaOH NaOOC-[CH2]4-COONa + C2H5OH + H2O
(b) NaOOC-[CH2]4-COONa + H2SO4 HOOC-[CH2]4-COOH + Na2SO4
(c) nHOOC-[CH2]4-COOH + nH2N-[CH2]6-NH2 nilon-6,6 + 2nH2O
Bo ton nguyn t O trong phn ng t chy: 2.0,06 + 2.0,09 = 2.0,11 + 1.

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Hy s huTuyn tp100 thi th C-H gii chi tit v 4 tp cha kha vng
gii nhanh ha hc.

(d) 2C2H5OH + HOOC-[CH2]4-COOH [CH2]4(COOC2H5)2 + 2H2O

=> X5 l [CH2]4(COOC2H5)2 = 202
Cu 21: Cho 500ml dung dch Ba (OH)2 0,1M vo V ml dung dch Al2(SO4)3 0,1M; sau khi cc phn ng kt
thc thu c 12,045 gam kt ta. Gi tr ca V l
A. 75.
B. 150.
C. 300.
D. 200.

HD: 3Ba(OH)2 + Al2(SO4)3

3BaSO4 + 2Al(OH)3; Ba(OH)2 + 2Al(OH)3 Ba(AlO2)2 + 4H2O
0,05
0,1V
0,3V
0,2V
0,05 0,3V 0,1 0,6V
(mol)
Gi s 0,05 > 0,3V. V sau phn ng c kt ta BaSO4 v Al(OH)3
Khi mKT = 233.0,3V + 78.(0,2V 0,1 + 0,6V) = 12,045 V = 0,15 lt = 150 ml (tm 0,05 > 0,3.
CCH KHC:

S mol Ba2+ = 0,05; s mol SO42-= 0,3V/1000; s mol OH- = 0,1; Al3+ = 0,2V/1000.
C 2 TH xy ra : mui nhm d hoc mui nhm ht. Nu d mui nhm th ko tnh c V.
Xt mui nhm ht th BaSO4 = 0,3V/1000 (mol) v Al(OH) 3 = (4.0,2V/1000-0,1)(mol) vy klg kt ta =
233.0,3V/1000+ 78.(4.0,2V/1000 -0,1)=12,045. Gii ra V= 150.
Cu 22: Cho dy cc cht: C6H5NH2 (1), C2H5NH2 (2), (C6H5)2NH (3), (C2H5)2NH (4), NH3 (5) (C6H5- l gc
phenyl). Dy cc cht sp xp theo th t lc baz gim dn l :
A. (4), (1), (5), (2), (3).
B. (3), (1), (5), (2), (4).
C. (4), (2), (3), (1), (5).
D. (4), (2), (5), (1), (3).
HD : C2H5)2NH (4) > C2H5NH2 (2) > NH3 (5) > C6H5NH2 (1) > (C6H5)2NH (3)
Gc y electron (C2H5-) lm tng tnh baz, gc ht electron (C6H5-) lm gim tnh baz.

Cu 23: Hiro ha hon ton hirocacbon mch h X thu c isopentan. S cng thc cu to c th c ca
X l
A. 6.
B. 5.
C. 7.
D. 4.
HD: Cc cu to c th c: X l hidrocacbon ko no mch nhnh: C=C(CH 3)-C-C-C v 2 p anken v tr; CC(CH3)-CC; ankadien c 2 p v tr; anken-in c 1 cht C=C(CH3) CC
Nh vy 7 ctct sau :
C=C(CH3)-C-C; C-C(CH3)=C-C; C-C(CH3)-C=C; C=C(CH3)-C=C; C-C(CH3)=C=C; C-C(CH3)C C;
C=C(CH3)-C C,
Cu 24: t chy hon ton 4,64 gam mt hirocacbon X (cht kh iu kin thng) ri em ton b sn
phm chy hp th ht vo bnh ng dung dch Ba(OH) 2. Sau cc phn ng thu c 39,4 gam kt ta v khi
lng phn dung dch gim bt 19,912 gam. Cng thc phn t ca X l
A. C3H4.
B. CH4.
C. C2H4.
D. C4H10.
HD: Gi s mol CO2 v H2O l a v b mol. Ta c mHC = mC + mH = 12.a + 2.b = 4,64
mdd gim = mKT (44.a + 18.b) 44.a + 18.b = 39,4 19,912 = 19,488
Khi : a = 0,348 ; b = 0,232. Khi C : H = a : (2b) = 0,348 : (2.0,232) = 3 : 4. Vy HC l C 3H4.

CCH KHC
CO2 v hi nc b dd gi li. Klg dd gim suy ra tng CO 2, H2O= 39,4-19,912= 19,488. Suy ra klg oxi
p= 19,488-4,64= 14,848 l 0,464mol. S mol CO2 ngoi to BaCO3= 0,2 cn c th to mui axit tan
trong dd. Gi s mol HCO3- trong dd l x v s mol H 2O do X sinh ra l y. Bo ton O ta c: 2(0,2+x) +
y=0,464.2; nn 2x+y= 0,528 v bo ton klg X ta c: 12(0,2+x) + 2y= 4,64 6x+y=1,12. Gii h trn ra
x= 0,148 v y=0,232. Vy s mol CO2=0,348; H2O=0,232 nn t l C:H= 3:4.
Cu 25: Dy cc kim loi u c th c iu ch bng phng php in phn dung dch mui (vi in cc
tr) l:
A. Ni, Cu, Ag.
B. Li, Ag, Sn.
C. Ca, Zn, Cu.
D. Al, Fe, Cr.
Loi: B. Ca; C. Li; D. Al c iu ch bng phng php in phn nng chy.

Cu 26: Cho cc pht biu sau v phenol (C6H5OH):

(a) Phenol tan nhiu trong nc lnh.
(b) Phenol c tnh axt nhng dung dch phenol trong nc khng lm i mu qu tm.
(c) Phenol c dng sn xut phm nhum, cht dit nm mc.
(d) Nguyn t H ca vng benzen trong phenol d b thay th hn nguyn t H trong benzen.
(e) Cho nc brom vo dung dch phenol thy xut hin kt ta.
S pht biu ng l
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Hy s huTuyn tp100 thi th C-H gii chi tit v 4 tp cha kha vng
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A. 5.
B. 2.
C. 3.
D. 4.
HD : ch 20s bn s c 0,2 im: tr (a) Phenol tan nhiu trong nc lnh l pht biu sai, n ch tan nhiu
trong nc nng thi
Cu 27: Thc hin cc th nghim sau ( iu kin thng):
(a) Cho ng kim loi vo dung dch st (III) clorua.
(b) Sc kh hiro sunfua vo dung dch ng (II) sunfat.
(c) Cho dung dch bc nitrat vo dung dch st (III) clorua.
(d) Cho bt lu hunh vo thy ngn.
S th nghim xy ra phn ng l
A. 2.
B. 1.
C. 3.
D. 4.
HD : ch 10s bn s c 0,2 im Chn a; b; c; d
(a) Cu + 2FeCl3 2FeCl2 + CuCl2
(b) H2S + CuSO4 CuS + H2SO4
(c) 3AgNO3 + FeCl3 3AgCl + Fe(NO3)3
(d) S + Hg HgS
Cu 28: X v Y l hai nguyn t thuc cng mt chu k, hai nhm A lin tip. S proton ca nguyn t Y
nhiu hn s proton ca nguyn t X. Tng s ht proton trong nguyn t X v Y l 33. Nhn xt no sau y
v X, Y l ng?
A. m in ca X ln hn m in ca Y.
B. n cht X l cht kh iu kin thng.
C. Lp ngoi cng ca nguyn t Y ( trng thi c bn) c 5 electron.
D. Phn lp ngoi cng ca nguyn t X ( trng thi c bn) c 4 electron.
HD : ch 20s bn s c 0,2 im : ch cn xem d kin Tng s ht proton trong nguyn t X v Y l 33 th
d dng suy ra 2 nguyn t trong BTH l S v Cl. nn D ng
Cng chu k m 2 nhm A lin tip nn Z hn km l 1: 2Z+1=33 nn Z=16 vy X l S cn Y l Clo.
Cu 29: Cho dy cc hp cht thm: p-HO-CH2-C6H4-OH, p-HO-C6H4-COOC2H5,
p-HO-C6H4COOH, p-HCOO-C6H4-OH, p-CH3O-C6H4-OH. C bao nhiu cht trong dy tha mn ng thi 2 iu kin
sau?
(a) Ch tc dng vi NaOH theo t l mol 1 : 1.
(b) Tc dng c vi Na (d) to ra s mol H2 bng s mol cht phn ng.
A. 3.
B. 4.
C. 1.
D. 2.
HD : ch 20s bn s c 0,2 im : p-HO-CH2-C6H4-OH, C ng
p-HO-CH2-C6H4-OH + NaOH p-HO-CH2-C6H4-ONa + H2O
p-HO-CH2-C6H4-OH + 2Na p-NaO-CH2-C6H4-ONa + H2
Cu 30: Cho hn hp K2CO3 v NaHCO3 (t l mol 1 : 1) vo bnh dung dch Ba(HCO 3)2 thu c kt ta X v
dung dch Y. Thm t t dung dch HCl 0,5M vo bnh n khi khng cn kh thot ra th ht 560 ml. Bit ton
b Y phn ng va vi 200 ml dung dch NaOH 1M. Khi lng kt ta X l
A. 3,94 gam.
B. 7,88 gam.
C. 11,28 gam.
D. 9,85 gam.
HD :ddY c HCO3 p NaOH t l mol 1:1 nn s mol HCO 3 trong Y= 0,2. Gi s mol K2CO3 l x v
Ba(HCO3)2 l y. Khi p HCl ta c s mol HCl= 2x+x+2y=0,28 hay 3x+2y=0,28; s mol HCO 3-= x+2y=0,2
nn x= 0,04 v y=0,08. Vy BaCO3 = x=0,04 l 7,88g
CCH KHC ;
Y phn ng vi NaOH nn Y c HCO3: HCO3 + OH CO32 + H2O nHCO = nNaOH = 0,2 mol.
3

Cht trong bnh phn ng vi HCl: HCO3 + H CO2 + H2O; CO3 + 2H+ CO2 + H2O
0,2
0,2
(mol) 0,04 0,56.0,5 0,2
(mol)
Khi : K2CO3 v NaHCO3 c s mol 0,04 mol S mol Ba(HCO3)2 l (0,2 0,04)/2 = 0,08 mol
K2CO3 + Ba(HCO3)2 BaCO3 + 2KHCO3
0,04
0,08
0,04 mol Khi lng kt ta X l 0,04.197 = 7,88 gam.

Cu 31: t chy hon ton 3 lt hn hp X gm 2 anken kt tip nhau trong dy ng ng cn va 10,5 lt

O2 (cc th tch kh o trong cng iu kin nhit , p sut). Hirat ha hon ton X trong iu kin thch hp
thu c hn hp ancol Y, trong khi lng ancol bc hai bng 6/13 ln tng khi lng cc ancol bc mt.
Phn trm khi lng ca ancol bc mt (c s nguyn t cacbon ln hn) trong Y l
A. 46,43%.
B. 31,58%.
C. 10,88%.
D. 7,89%.
CnH2n + 3n/2 O2
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Hy s huTuyn tp100 thi th C-H gii chi tit v 4 tp cha kha vng
gii nhanh ha hc.

3
10,5 nn n= 7/3 l C 2H4 v C3H6 dng s ng cho tm ra t l mol l 2:1. Khi cng H2O
propen cho ancol bc I v bc II cn eten cho ancol bc I. Xt X c 2mol eten th cho 2mol C 2H5OH; 1
mol propen cho x mol ancol bc I v (1-x)mol C3H7OH bc II. T gt ta c: 60(1-x)/(92+60x)=6/13 nn
x=0,2. % khi lng C3H7OH bc I= 12/152=7,89%.
cch khc:
VCO
7
3
2
= = 2,33 Hai anken l C2H4 v C3H6.
Ta c: VO = VCO VCO = .10,5 = 7 C =
VX
3
2
3
2

C=

2nC H +3nC H
2

nC H +nC H
2

7
3

nC H
2

nC H
3

2
1

. Chn nC2H4 =2 ; nC3H6 = 1mol

PTHH: CH2=CH2 + H2O CH3CH2OH; CH2=CH-CH3 + H2O CH2OH-CH2-CH3 + CH3-CHOH-CH3

2
2
1
a
(1 a)
mol
Ta c:

60.(1 a)
46.2 + 60.a

6
13

a = 0,2 . Vy % CH2OH-CH2-CH3 =

60.0,2

.100 = 7,89%

46.2 + 60.1

Cu 32: Ha tan hon ton 2,43 gam hn hp gm Mg v Zn vo mt lng va dung dch H 2SO4 long,
sau phn ng thu c 1,12 lt H2 (ktc) v dung dch X. Khi lng mui trong dung dch X l
A. 5,83 gam.
B. 7,33 gam.
C. 4,83 gam.
D. 7,23 gam.
S mol axit p = s mol H2=0,05 nn klg mui = 2,43+0,05.96= 7,23g
Cu 33: Cho dy cc cht: Al, Al(OH) 3, Zn(OH)2, NaHCO3, Na2SO4. S cht trong dy va phn ng c vi
dung dch HCl, va phn ng c vi dung dch NaOH l
A. 2.
B. 5.
C. 3.
D. 4.
HD : ch 5s bn s c 0,2 im : Al, Al(OH)3, Zn(OH)2, NaHCO3, qu d nh, nn hi hp cht lng tnh th
hay hn, v nn thm nhiu cht na cng hay.
Cc cht: Al, Al(OH)3, Zn(OH)2, NaHCO3
2Al + 6HCl 2AlCl3 + 3H2
Al(OH)3 + 3HCl AlCl3 + 3H2O
Zn(OH)2 + 2HCl ZnCl2 + 2H2O
NaHCO3 + HCl NaCl + CO2 + H2O

2Al + 2NaOH + 2H2O 2NaAlO2 + 3H2

Al(OH)3 + NaOH NaAlO2 + 2H2O
Zn(OH)2 + 2NaOH Na2ZnO2 + 2H2O
NaHCO3 + NaOH Na2CO3 + H2O

Cu 34: Ha tan hon ton m gam hn hp gm Na2O v Al2O3 vo nc thu c dung dch X trong sut.
Thm t t dung dch HCl 1M vo X, khi ht 100 ml th bt u xut hin kt ta; khi ht 300 ml hoc 700 ml
th u thu c a gam kt ta. Gi tr ca a v m ln lt l
A. 23,4 v 56,3.
B. 23,4 v 35,9.
C. 15,6 v 27,7.
D. 15,6 v 55,4.
HD; Na2O + 2H2O 2NaOH; 2NaOH + Al2O3 2NaAlO2 + H2O dung dch X gm NaAlO2 v NaOH d
Khi thm 100 ml HCl (0,1 mol) bt u c kt ta n NaOH d = n HCl = 0,1 mol
Khi thm 300 ml HCl (0,3 mol) hoc 700 ml (0,7 mol) th u thu c a gam kt ta, do :
a
nH min = nOH + n 0,3 = 0,1+
a = 15,6 gam
78
15,6
nH max = nOH + 4.nNaAlO2 3.n 0,7 = 0,1+ 4.nNaAlO2 3.
nNaAlO2 = 0,3 mol
78
1
1
1
1
BTNT: nNa O = (nNaOH +nNaAlO ) = (0,1 +0,3) =0,2 mol; nAl O = .nNaAlO = .0,3 =0,15 mol
2
2
2
2
Vy m = 62.0,2 + 102.0,15 = 27,7 gam.
+

CCH KHC:
S mol HCl p NaOH d trong ddX=s mol NaOH=0,1. NaAlO 2 trong ddX khi p 0,2mol HCl to
0,2mol Al(OH)3 nn a=15,6g. Nhng khi dng 0,6mol HCl s to 0,2mol Al(OH) 3 v mui Al3+. Vy c
0,4mol HCl p sau: AlO2- + 4H+= Al3+ + 2H2O tng mol AlO2- l 0,2 + 0,1=0,3 nn Al2O3=0,15. Na2O s l
0,15 + 0,1/2= 0,2. vy m= 27,7
Cu 35: Cho dy cc oxit: NO2, Cr2O3, SO2, CrO3, CO2, P2O5, Cl2O7, SiO2, CuO. C bao nhiu oxit trong dy
tc dng c vi dung dch NaOH long?
A. 6.
B. 7.
C. 8.
D. 5.
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Hy s huTuyn tp100 thi th C-H gii chi tit v 4 tp cha kha vng
gii nhanh ha hc.

HD : ch 30s bn s c 0,2 im cu ny l thuyt nhng kh v hay, chc chn nhiu hs s nhm cu ny.
p n ng l A. 6: gm NO2, SO2, CrO3, CO2, P2O5, Cl2O7, cn 2 cht sau th phi l NaOH c Cr2O3, SiO2,
cung cp mt s thng tin chng ta tham kho nh
Cr2O3 + 2NaOH + 3H2O --> 2Na[Cr(OH)4]
Trng thi:
(r)
(dd c)
(l)
(dd)
Mu sc:
(lc thm)
iu kin: Nhit .
Hin tng:
Loi phn ng: Ha hp.
Cng thc tng qut:
Cch thc hin:
M rng: Na[Cr(OH)4] : Natri cromit
Thng tin khc: Crom III oxit l oxit lng tnh tan trong axit v baz c.
SiO2 khng c hi lm, nu ta tip nhn qua ng thc qun; Nhng s rt c hi qua ng h hp; Bn
nghe ni bnh bi phi cha; l do SiO2 tch t trong phi lu ngy gy h phi; Chng ta khng th ht
th c na!
(*) Tc dng vi kim loi: (nh Al, Mg, . . .)
SiO2 + 2 Mg = 2 MgO + Si + 89 Kcal
(*) N khng tc dng vi hu ht xit ngoi tr HF, theo phn ng sau:
SiO2 + 4 HF = SiF4 + 2 HOH
(*) Tc dng vi kim:
SiO2 + 2 NaOH = Na2SiO3 + HOH
(y l phn ng tiu biu c ngnh silcat!)
(*) Tc dng vi mui:
SiO2 + Na2CO3 = Na2SiO3 + CO2 (cng l phn ng c trng ca ngnh ny)
(Mui silcat nu trn ngi ta hay gi l thy tinh lng)
SiO2 + NaOH c = Na2SiO3 + H2O
Al2O3+ 2NaOH = 2Na Al O2 + H2O
Sau sc CO2 thu ly kt ta: Al(OH)3
ri nhit phn thi
1
Cu 36: Xt phn ng phn hy N2O5 trong dung mi CCl4 450C :
N2O5 N2O4 + O2
2
Ban u nng ca N2O5 l 2,33M, sau 184 giy nng ca N2O5 l 2,08M. Tc trung bnh ca phn
ng tnh theo N2O5 l
A. 1,36.10-3 mol/(l.s).
B. 6,80.10-4 mol/(l.s)
C. 6,80.10-3 mol/(l.s).
D. 2,72.10-3 mol/(l.s).
CN O

2,08 2,33

= 1,36.103 mol/(l.s)
t
184
CCH KHC: Nng N2O5 gim i = 0,25. Vy v=0,25/184=1,36.10-3.

HD: v =

Cu 37: Loi t no sau y c iu ch bng phn ng trng hp?

A. T visco.
B. T nitron.
C. T nilon-6,6.
D. T xenluloz axetat.
HD : ch 5s bn s c 0,2 im
Cu 38: Mt loi phn kali c thnh phn chnh l KCl (cn li l cc tp cht khng cha kali) c sn xut
t qung xinvinit c dinh dng 55%. Phn trm khi lng ca KCl trong loi phn kali l
A. 95,51%.
B. 87,18%.
C. 65,75%.
D. 88,52%.
HD: 100 gam phn kali c 55 gam K2O mKCl = 74,5.2.

55
94

= 87,18 gam. Vy %KCl =

87,18
100

.100 = 87,18%

CCH KHC: dinh dng phn kali tnh bng %klg K 2O. Xt 100g phn kali th c 55gK2O l
0,585mol suy ra s mol KCl=1,17mol hay 87,18g. Vy %klg KCl =87,18.
Cu 39: Cho cc pht biu sau:
(a) t chy hon ton este no, n chc, mch h lun thu c s mol CO2 bng s mol H2O.
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10

Hy s huTuyn tp100 thi th C-H gii chi tit v 4 tp cha kha vng
gii nhanh ha hc.

(b) Trong hp cht hu c nht thit phi c cacbon v hiro.

(c) Nhng hp cht hu c c thnh phn nguyn t ging nhau, thnh phn phn t hn km nhau mt hay
nhiu nhm CH2 l ng ng ca nhau.
(d) Dung dch glucoz b kh bi AgNO3 trong NH3 to ra Ag.
(e) Saccaraz ch c cu to mch vng.
S pht biu ng l
A. 4.
B. 5.
C. 3.
D. 2.
HD :

(a); (e) ng.

(b) sai: CCl4 l hp cht hu c.
(c) sai: C6H5OH (phenol) v C6H5-CH2-OH (ancol thm) khng l ng ng ca nhau.
(d) sai: Dung dch glucoz b oxi ha bi AgNO 3 trong NH3 to ra Ag.

Cu 40: Pht biu no sau y l ng?

A. Mui phenylamoni clorua khng tan trong nc.
B. Tt c cc peptit u c phn ng mu biure.
C. H2N-CH2-CH2-CO-NH-CH2-COOH l mt ipeptit.
D. iu kin thng, metylamin v imetylamin l nhng cht kh c mi khai.
II. PHN RING (10 cu)
Th sinh ch c lm mt trong hai phn ring (phn A hoc phn B)
A. Theo chng trnh Chun (10 cu, t cu 41 n cu 50)
Cu 41: Ha hi 8,64 gam hn hp gm mt axit no, n chc, mch h X v mt axit no, a chc Y (c mch
cacbon h, khng phn nhnh) thu c mt th tch hi bng th tch ca 2,8 gam N 2 (o trong cng iu kin
nhit , p sut). t chy hon ton 8,64 gam hn hp hai axit trn thu c 11,44 gam CO 2. Phn trm khi
lng ca X trong hn hp ban u l
A. 72,22%
B. 65,15%
C. 27,78%
D. 35,25%
T gt axit X l CnH2nO2 xmol; Y l CmH2m-2O4 ymol; v Y mch ko nhnh, h nn ch c 2 nhm COOH.
S mol hh axit= 0,1. x+y=0,1 ; nx+my=0,26; (14n+32)x+ (14m+62)y=8,64 s gii ra x=0,04 v y=0,06 v
2n + 3m= 13 nn chn n=2; %klg CH3COOH= 60.0,04/8,64=27,77
CCH KHC: Ta c: nX, Y = nN2 =0,1 mol . X: CnH2n+1COOH (a mol); Y khng phn nhnh) : CmH2m(COOH)2 (b
mol)

a + b = 0,1
a = 0,04

b = 0,06 n = 1; m = 1: CH3COOH v CH2(COOH)2

Khi : (n + 1)a + (m+ 2)b = 0,26
(14n + 46)a + (14m+ 90)b = 8,64 2n + 3m= 5

Vy: %mX =

0,04.60
8,64

.100 = 27,78%

Cu 42: Cho 100 ml dung dch AgNO3 2a mol/l vo 100 ml dung dch Fe(NO 3)2 a mol/l. Sau khi phn ng kt
thc thu c 8,64 gam cht rn v dung dch X. Cho dung dch HCl d vo X thu c m gam kt ta. Gi tr
ca m l
A. 11,48
B. 14,35
C. 17,22
D. 22,96
S mol Ag+=0,2a; Fe2+=0,1a nn s to Ag l 0,1a. Vy 108.0,1a=8,64 nn a= 0,8. Sau p dd cn 0,1a mol
Ag+ l 0,08 s to 0,08mol AgCl l 11,48g kt ta.
CCH KHC:
Fe(NO3)2 + AgNO3 Fe(NO3)3 + Ag
0,1.a
0,2.a
0,08 mol 0,1.a = 0,08 a = 0,8M
AgNO3 d: 0,1.0,8 = 0,08 mol. PTHH: AgNO3 + HCl AgCl + HNO3 . Vy m = 143,5.0,08 = 11,48 gam.

Cu 43: t chy hon ton mt lng ancol X to ra 0,4 mol CO 2 v 0,5 mol H2O. X tc dng vi Cu(OH) 2
to ra dung dch mu xanh lam. Oxi ha X bng CuO to hp cht hu c a cht Y. Nhn xt no sau y
ng vi X?
A. X lm mt mu nc brom
B. Trong X c hai nhm OH lin kt vi hai nguyn t cacbon bc hai.
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11

Hy s huTuyn tp100 thi th C-H gii chi tit v 4 tp cha kha vng
gii nhanh ha hc.

C. Trong X c ba nhm CH3.

D. Hirat ha but-2-en thu c X.
HD: S mol ancol no=0,1 nn s C=4. X c nhiu nhm OH k nhau nhng khi oxh bng CuO to hp
cht a chc vy ancol c cc nhm OH cng bc.
X l CH3-CHOH-CHOH-CH3
CCH KHC: Ta c: nCO2 =0,4 <nH2O =0,5 X l ancol no.
Khi s nguyn t cacbon trong X =

nCO

nX

nCO

nH O nCO
2

0,4
=
=4
0,5 0,4

X tc dng vi Cu(OH)2 to dung dch mu xanh lam X c 2 nhm OH cnh nhau

Oxi ha X bng CuO to hp cht hu c a chc Y. Vy X l: CH3-CHOH-CHOH-CH3 CH3-CO-CO-CH3

Cu 44: Cho cc phn ng sau:

(a) FeS + 2HCl FeCl2 + H2S
(b) Na2S + 2HCl 2NaCl + H2S
(c) 2AlCl3 + 3Na2S + 6H2O 2Al(OH)3 + 3H2S + 6NaCl
(d) KHSO4 + KHS K2SO4 + H2S
(e) BaS + H2SO4 (long) BaSO4 + H2S
S phn ng c phng trnh ion rt gn S2- + 2H+ H2S l
A. 4
B. 3
C. 2
HD: CHN (b) Na2S + 2HCl 2NaCl + H2S
Phng trnh: (b) S2- + 2H+ H2S
(a) FeS + 2H Fe2+ + H2S
(d) H+ + HS- H2S

D. 1

(c) 2Al3+ + 3S2- + 6H2O 2Al(OH)3 + 3H2S

(e) Ba2+ + S2- + 2H+ + SO42- BaSO4 + H2S

Cu 45: Cho s chuyn ha sau:

(a) C3H4O2 + NaOH X + Y
(b) X + H2SO4 (long) Z + T
(c) Z + dung dch AgNO3/NH3 (d) E + Ag + NH4NO3
(d) Y + dung dch AgNO3/NH3 (d) F + Ag +NH4NO3
Cht E v cht F theo th t l
A. (NH4)2CO3 v CH3COOH
B. HCOONH4 v CH3COONH4
C. (NH4)2CO3 v CH3COONH4
D. HCOONH4 v CH3CHO
C3H4O2 l este HCOO-CH=CH2 nn X l HCOONa; Y l CH3CHO suy ra E, F nh trn.
H-COO-CH=CH2 + NaOH H-COONa (X) + CH3-CHO (Y).
H-COOH (Z), (NH4)2CO3 (E) v CH3COONH4(F).
Cu 46: Cho hn hp gm Fe v Mg vo dung dch AgNO 3, khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton thu c dung
dch X (gm hai mui) v cht rn Y (gm hai kim loi). Hai mui trong X l:
A. Mg(NO3)2 v Fe(NO3)2
B. Fe(NO3)2 v AgNO3
C. Fe(NO3)3 v Mg(NO3)2
D. AgNO3 v Mg(NO3)2
HD: Do d 2 KL (Ag, Fe) nn Mg, AgNO3 ht, to mui Fe2+ .
Cu 47: S amin bc mt c cng cng thc phn t C3H9N l
A. 4
B. 3
C. 1
D. 2
HD: Amin bc mt: CH3-CH2-CH2-NH2; CH3-CH(NH2)-CH3
CN CH : S ng phn ca anin n chc no, mch h c cng thc phn t l :
a. C2H7N

= 22-1

b. C3H9N

= 23-1

= 4 ( 2 bc 1+ 1 bc 2+1 bc 3)

c. C4H11N

= 24-1

= 8 ( 4 bc 1+ 3 bc 2+1 bc 3)

d. C5H13N = 25-1 +1
e. C6H15N

= 26-1 +7

= 2. ( 1 bc 1+ 1 bc 2+0 bc 3)

=17 ( 8 bc 1+ 6 bc 2+3 bc 3)
= 39 ( 17 bc 1+ 15 bc 2+7 bc 3)

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12

Hy s huTuyn tp100 thi th C-H gii chi tit v 4 tp cha kha vng
gii nhanh ha hc.

Cu 48: Nhn xt no sau y khng ng?

A. Crom l kim loi cng nht trong tt c cc kim loi
B. Nhm v crom u b th ng ha bi HNO3 c, ngui.
C. Nhm v crom u phn ng vi HCl theo cng t l s mol.
D. Vt dng lm bng nhm v crom u bn trong khng kh v nc v c mng oxit bo v.
V crom p HCl cho crom(II) cn Al cho ha tr 3.( Al AlCl3, Cr CrCl2, )
PTHH: Al + 3HCl AlCl3 +

3
2

H2; Cr + 2HCl CrCl2 + H2

Cu 49: Hn hp X gm H2 v C2H4 c t khi so vi H2 l 7,5. Dn X qua Ni nung nng, thu c hn hp Y

c t khi so vi H2 l 12,5. Hiu sut ca phn ng hiro ha l
A. 70%
B. 60%
C. 50%
D. 80%
Mtb=15 nn t l mol =1:1. 1mol hhX th mi cht 0,5mol (va ). S mol H2 p= smol X-s molY= 10,6=0,4 l 80%.
CCH KHC:
H2

13
7,5.2=15

C2H4 28

Hiu sut tnh theo H2 hoc C2H4. Chn nH2 =nC2H4 =1 mol nX = 2 mol

13

Bo ton khi lng: mX = mY 15.2 = nY.12,5.2 nY = 1,2 nH2 p = nX nY = 2 1,2 = 0,8 mol.
Vy H =

0,8
1

.100 = 80%

Cu 50: Dung dch cht no sau y lm qu tm chuyn thnh mu hng?

A. axit -aminoglutaric
B. Axit , -iaminocaproic
C. Axit -aminopropionic
D. Axit aminoaxetic.
HD: HOOC-CH2-CH2-CH(NH2)-COOH
B. Theo chng trnh Nng cao (10 cu, t cu 51 n cu 60)
Cu 51: Cho dy cc cht : cumen, stiren, isopren, xiclohexan, axetilen, benzen. S cht trong dy lm mt
mu dung dch brom l
A. 2
B. 3
C. 4
D. 5
HD: Gm stiren; isopren; axetilen
Cu 52: Kh este no, n chc, mch h X bng LiAlH4, thu c ancol duy nht Y. t chy hon ton Y thu
c 0,2 mol CO2 v 0,3 mol H2O. t chy hon ton 0,1 mol X thu c tng khi lng CO2 v H2O l
A. 24,8 gam
B. 28,4 gam
C. 16,8 gam
D. 18,6 gam
S mol ancol=0,1 v s C=2 l etanol; nn este l CH 3COOC2H5 s mol este=0,1; vy s mol
CO2=H2O=0,4. Tng klg= 24,8g
CCH KHC:Y l ancol no c s nguyn t cacbon l:

nCO

nY

nCO

nH O nCO
2

0,2
=
= 2 . Y l C2H5OH.
0,3 0,2

O2
Vy X l: CH3COOC2H5 2C2H5OH . Khi : CH3COOC2H5
4CO2 + 4H2O
Khi : m = 44.0,1.4 + 18.0,1.4 = 24,8 gam.
LiAlH4

Cu 53: C cc cht sau : keo dn ure-fomanehit; t lapsan; t nilon-6,6; protein; si bng; amoniaxetat; nha
novolac. Trong cc cht trn, c bao nhiu cht m trong phn t ca chng c cha nhm NH-CO-?
A. 5
B. 4
C. 3
D. 6
HD: t nilon-6,6 v t lapsan

Nha novolac:
- un nng hn hp fomanehit v phenol ly d vi xc tc axit c nha novolac mch khng phn nhnh (cu ni

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13

Hy s huTuyn tp100 thi th C-H gii chi tit v 4 tp cha kha vng
gii nhanh ha hc.
metylen CH2 c th v tr ortho hoc para)
- Nha nhit do, d nng chy, tan trong mt s dung mi hu c, dng sn xut vecni, sn
Keo dn ure fomanehit

Poli(ure fomanehit)
Tm li: Ure-fomanehit: (-NH-CO-NH-CH2-)n; t nilon-6,6: (-NH-[CH2]6-NH-CO-[CH2]4-CO-)n
Protein: l cc polipeptit nn c lk -CO-NH-

Cu 54: Cho cc pht biu sau v cacbohirat:

(a) Tt c cc cacbohirat u c phn ng thy phn.
(b) Thy phn hon ton tinh bt thu c glucoz.
(c) Glucoz, fructoz v mantoz u c phn ng trng bc.
(d) Glucoz lm mt mu nc brom.
S pht biu ng l:
A. 3
B. 4
C. 1
D. 2
Gm b,c,d
H 3O +
KCN
Y
Cu 55: Cho s chuyn ha : CH3Cl
X
t0
Cng thc cu to X, Y ln lt l:
A. CH3NH2, CH3COOH
B. CH3NH2, CH3COONH4
C. CH3CN, CH3COOH
D. CH3CN, CH3CHO
Cu 56: Cho 18,4 gam hn hp X gm Cu2S, CuS, FeS2 v FeS tc dng ht vi HNO 3 (c nng d) thu c
V lt kh ch c NO2 ( ktc, sn phm kh duy nht) v dung dch Y. Cho ton b Y vo mt lng d dung
dch BaCl2, thu c 46,6 gam kt ta, cn khi cho ton b Y tc dng vi dung dch NH 3 d thu c 10,7
gam kt ta. Gi tr ca V l
A. 38,08
B. 11,2
C. 24,64
D. 16,8
S mol S=s mol BaSO4 = 0,2; s mol Fe= Fe(OH)3=0,1 nn s mol Cu trong hhX= 0,1. Tng mol e= 0,2.6
+0,1.3 +0,1.2= 1,7 suy ra c 1,7mol NO2 l 38,08 lt.
Cu2+; Fe3+; H+
Y
Cch khc: 18,4 gam X gm Cu2S, CuS, FeS2 v FeS
2

SO4 ; NO3
HNO3

dd NH3
Ba2+ + SO42 BaSO4: nS = nBaSO4 = 0,2 mol; Fe3+
Fe(OH)3: nFe = nFe(OH)3 = 0,1 mol.

18,4 0,2.32 0,1.56

= 0,1mol. Bo ton e: 3.nFe + 2.nCu + 6.nS = 1. nNO2 nNO2 = 1,7 mol.

64
Vy V = 1,7.22,4 = 38,08 lt.

Khi nCu =

Cu 57 : Dung dch X gm CH3COOH 0,03 M v CH3COONa 0,01 M. Bit 250C, Ka ca CH3COOH l

1,75.10-5, b qua s phn li ca nc. Gi tr pH ca dung dch X 250C l
A. 6,28
B. 4,76
C. 4,28
D. 4,04
HD: s dng ct gii nhanh
Ca
0, 03
p dng cng thc gii nhanh. pH = - (logKa + log
) = - (log1,75. 10-5 + log
) = 4,28
Cm
0, 01
Gi x l nng axit phn li th K= (x+0,01).x/(0,03-x) gii ra x suy ra pH.
CCH KHC:
CH3COONa CH3COO + Na+
0,01
0,01

Ka =

[CH3COO ].[H ]
[CH3COOH]

;
(M)
(0,01+ x).x
0,03 x

CH3COOH
CH3COO + H+
0,03 x
x

x (M)

= 1,75.105 x = 5,21.105 . Vy pH = lg[H+] = 4,28.

Ch : 1. Cng thc tnh pH ca dung dch axit yu HA.( V d: HF, HCOOH, CH3COOH...)
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14

Hy s huTuyn tp100 thi th C-H gii chi tit v 4 tp cha kha vng
gii nhanh ha hc.
1
pH = (log Kaxit + log Caxit = -log (.Caxit)
2
vi

: l in li;

Ka : hng s phn li ca axit

Ca : nng mol/l ca axit ( Ca

0,01 M )

2. Cng thc tnh pH ca dung dch baz yu BOH. ( V d: NH3, CH3-NH2, ...)
pH = 14+
vi

1
(log Kbaz + log Cbaz )
2

Kbazo : hng s phn li ca baz; Cbazo : nng mol/l ca baz

3. Cng thc tnh pH ca dung dch axit yu HA v mui NaA. (V d: HF v NaF, HCOOH v HCOONa,
CH3COOH v CH3COONa...)

Ca
)
Cm
Ca : nng mol/l ca axit; Cm : nng mol/l ca mui
pH = -(log Kaxit + log

Cu 58: Cho cc pht biu sau

(a) Kh CO2 gy ra hin tng hiu ng nh knh
(b) Kh SO2 gy ra hin tng ma axit.
(c) Khi c thi ra kh quyn, freon (ch yu l CFCl3 v CF2Cl2) ph hy tng ozon
(d) Moocphin v cocain l cc cht ma ty
S pht biu ng l
A. 2
B. 4
C. 3
D. 1
Gm a; b; c ;d
Cu 59: Nhn xt no sau y khng ng
A. SO3 v CrO3 u l oxit axit.
B. Al(OH) 3 v Cr(OH)3 u l hiroxit lng tnh v c tnh kh.
C. BaSO4 v BaCrO4 hu nh khng tan trong nc.
D. Fe(OH)2 v Cr(OH)2 u l baz v c tnh kh.
0
0
0
Cu 60 : Cho E pin ( Zn Cu ) = 1,10V ; EZn2+ / Zn = 0, 76V v E Ag + / Ag = +0,80V . Sut in ng chun ca pin in
ha Cu-Ag l
A. 0,56 V
B. 0,34 V
C. 0,46 V
D. 1,14 V

HD : E

pin(Zn-Cu)

o
o
o
o
= ECu2+/Cu E Zn2+/Zn ECu2+/Cu = Eopin(Zn-Cu) + E Zn2+/Zn = 1,10 0,76 = + 0,34V.
o

o
Eopin(Cu-Ag) = E Ag+/Ag ECu2+/Cu = 0,80 0,34 = 0,46V.

KT LUN:
- HAY, L THUYT VA PHI, BI TP CNG TNG I
KH, SONG HS CN C K NNG GII TON TT.
- HS NN LM PHN NNG CAO KT QU S TT HN PHN C
BN, HY TH XEM NH
- CHNG TRNH LP 10 CHIM KHONG 25%
- HS CN THAM KHO THM 40 CHA KHA VNG V 100 THI
TH GII CHI TIT GII NHANH HN THI H

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15