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Cu 2 : X phng ha hon ton 66,6 gam hn hp hai este HCOOC 2H5 v CH3COOCH3 bng dung
dch NaOH, thu c hn hp X gm hai ancol. un nng hn hp X vi H 2SO4 c 1400C, sau khi
phn ng xy ra hon ton thu c m gam nc. Gi tr ca m l
A. 18,00.
B. 8,10.
C. 16,20.
D. 4,05.
HCOOC2H5 v CH3COOCH3 cng ng phn C3H6O2
Tng s mol hai cht = 66,6:74=0,9 (mol)
RCOOR+ NaOH RCOONa + ROH
2ROH R2O + H2O
0,9
0,9 (mol)
0,9
0,45 (mol)
Khi lng nc = 0,45 . 18 =8,1(gam)
p n B
Cu 4: Cho cc hp kim sau: Cu-Fe (I); Zn Fe (II); Fe-C (III); Sn-Fe (IV). Khi tip xc vi dung dch
cht in li th cc hp kim m trong Fe u b n mn trc l:
A. I, II v III.
B. I, II v IV.
C. I, III v IV.
Cu 8: X phng ha hon ton 1,99 gam hn hp hai este bng dung dch NaOH thu c 2,05 gam
mui ca mt axit cacboxylic v 0,94 gam hn hp hai ancol l ng ng k tip nhau. Cng thc ca
hai este l
A. HCOOCH3 v HCOOC2H5.
B. C2H5COOCH3 v C2H5COOC2H5.
C. CH3COOC2H5 v CH3COOC3H7.
D. CH3COOCH3 v CH3COOC2H5.
p dng bo ton khi lng
mNaOH=0,94+2,05-1,99=1(g) nNaOH=0,025(mol)
M=1,99:0,025=79,6
p n D
Cu 9: Cho 1 mol amino axit X phn ng vi dung dch HCl (d), thu c m 1 gam mui Y. Cng 1 mol
amino axit X phn ng vi dung dch NaOH (d), thu c m 2 gam mui Z. Bit m2m1=7,5. Cng thc
phn t ca X l
A. C4H10O2N2.
B. C5H9O4N.
C. C4H8O4N2.
D. C5H11O2N.
t cng thc l
(NH2)xR(COOH)y Ta c phng trnh
22y-36,5x=7,5 Nghim duy nht tho mn x=1, y=2 chn B
p n B
Cu 10: Ha tan ht m gam ZnSO4 vo nc c dung dch X. Cho 110ml dung dch KOH 2M vo X,
thu c a gam kt ta. Mt khc, nu cho 140 ml dung dch KOH 2M vo X th cng thu c a gam
kt ta. Gi tr ca m l
A. 20,125.
B. 12,375.
C. 22,540.
D. 17,710.
TNI: Zn2+ d OH- ht
Zn2++2OH- Zn(OH)2
0,22
0,11
TNII: Zn2+ ht OH- d ho tan mt phn kt ta
Zn2++2OH- Zn(OH)2
x
2x
x
Zn(OH)2+2OH-[Zn(OH)-4]
x-0,11
2x-0,22
Tng s mol OH-=0,28=2x+2x-0,22 suy ra x=0,125
m=0,125.161=20,125(g)
p n A
B. xiclopropan.
C. xiclohexan
D. stiren.
Cu 12: Cho lung kh CO (d) i qua 9,1 gam hn hp gm CuO v Al2O3 nung nng n khi phn ng
hon ton, thu c 8,3 gam cht rn. Khi lng CuO c trong hn hp ban u l
A. 0,8 gam.
B. 8,3 gam.
C. 2,0 gam.
D. 4,0 gam.
mO=9,1-8,3=0,8(g) nO=nCuO=0,05(mol) mCuO=0,05.80=4(g)
p n D
A. CH3OH v CH2=CH-CH2-OH.
C. CH3OH v C3H7OH.
B. C2H5OH v CH2=CH-CH2-OH.
D. C2H5OH v CH3OH.
Cu 15: Cho phng trnh ha hc: Fe3O4 + HNO3 Fe(NO3)3 + NxOy + H2O
Sau khi cn bng phng php ha hc trn vi h s ca cc cht l nhng s nguyn, ti gin th h
s ca HNO3 l
A. 46x 18y.
B. 45x 18y.
C. 13x 9y.
D. 23x 9y.
Cn bng
(5x-2y)Fe3O4+(46x-18y)HNO3 3(5x-2y)Fe(NO3)3+NxOy+(23x-9y)H2O
p n A
Cu 16: X phng ha mt hp cht c cng thc phn t C 10H14O6 trong dung dch NaOH (d), thu
c glixerol v hn hp gm ba mui (khng c ng phn hnh hc). Cng thc ca ba mui l:
A. CH2=CH-COONa, HCOONa v CHC-COONa.
B. CH3-COONa, HCOONa v CH3-CH=CH-COONa.
C. HCOONa, CHC-COONa v CH3-CH2-COONa.
D. CH2=CH-COONa, CH3-CH2-COONa v HCOONa.
C10H14O6
Tng k=4 = 3pi(COO)+1pi gc nn chn phng n B hoc D
B CH3CH=CHCOONa c ng phn hnh hc nn chn D
p n D
Cu 17: Ln men m gam glucoz vi hiu sut 90%, lng kh CO 2 sinh ra hp th ht vo dung dch
nc vi trong, thu c 10 gam kt ta. Khi lng dung dch sau phn ng gim 3,4 gam so vi khi
lng dung dch nc vi trong ban u. Gi tr ca m l
A. 13,5.
B. 30,0.
C. 15,0.
D. 20,0.
Khi lng CO2=10-3,4=6,6(g)
S : C6H12O62CO2
180
88
x
6,6 x=13,5(g)
H=90% nn
Khi lng glucoz=(100.13,5):90=15(g)
p n C
Cu 18: Cho hn hp X gm hai ancol a chc, mch h, thuc cng dy ng ng. t chy hon ton
hn hp X, thu c CO2 v H2O c t l mol tng ng l 3 : 4. Hai ancol l
A. C2H4(OH)2 v C3H6(OH)2.
B. C2H5OH v C4H9OH.
C. C2H4(OH)2 v C4H8(OH)2.
D. C3H5(OH)3 v C4H7(OH)3.
Hai ancol a chc c t l s mol CO2 v nc l 3:4 th chng t hai ancol no c
n trung bnh = 3 chn C
p n C
Cu 19: Cho 3,68 gam hn hp gm Al v Zn tc dng vi mt lng va dung dchH 2SO4 10% thu
c 2,24 lt kh H2 ( ktc). Khi lng dung dch thu c sau phn ng l
A. 101,48 gam.
B. 101,68 gam.
C. 97,80 gam.
D. 88,20 gam.
S mol H2SO4 phn ng = s mol H2=0,1(mol)
Khi lng dung dch H2SO4=[ (0,1.98).100]:10=98(g)
Khi lng dung dch sau phn ng =98+3,68-0,1.2=101,48(g)
p n A
Cu 20: Nu cho 1 mol mi cht: CaOCl2, KMnO4, K2Cr2O7, MnO2 ln lt phn ng vi lng d dung
dch HCl c, cht to ra lng kh Cl2 nhiu nht l
A. KMnO4.
B. K2Cr2O7.
C. CaOCl2.
D. MnO2.
p n B
Cu 21: Cho 0,25 mol mt anehit mch h X phn ng vi lng d dung dch AgNO 3 trong NH3 thu
c 54 gam Ag. Mt khc, khi cho X phn ng vi H 2 d (xc tc Ni, t0) th 0,125 mol X phn ng ht
vi 0,25 mol H2. Cht X c cng thc ng vi cng thc chung l
A. CnH2n-1CHO (n 2).
B. CnH2n-3CHO (n 2).
C. CnH2n(CHO)2 (n 0).
D. CnH2n+1CHO (n 0).
S mol Ag = 2 ln s mol anehit chng t anehit n chc
S mol H2=2 ln s mol anehit chng t anehit cha no cha 1 pi
p n A
Cu 22: Ha tan hon ton 12,42 gam Al bng dung dch HNO3 long (d), thu c dung dch X v
1,344 lt ( ktc) hn hp kh Y gm hai kh l N2O v N2. T khi ca hn hp kh Y so vi kh H2 l 18.
C cn dung dch X, thu c m gam cht rn khan. Gi tr ca m l
A. 97,98.
B. 106,38.
C. 38,34.
D. 34,08.
44a+28b=0,06.18.2 a=0,03
Ta c h
b=0,03
a+b=0,06
2N+5+8eN2O
2N+5+10eN2 Tng s mol e nhn=0,54(mol)
0,24 0,03
0,3 0,03
S mol Al=0,46(mol)
AlAl3++3e
0,46
1,38 > 0,54(s mol e nhn ) chng t phn ng cn to NH 4NO3
N+5 + 8e
NH4NO3
(1,38-0,54)
0,105
Tng khi lng mui = 0,46.nAl(NO3)3 + 80.nNH4NO3 = 106,38(g)
p n B
Cu 23: Cho 3,024 gam mt kim loi M tan ht trong dung dch HNO 3 long, thu c 940,8 ml kh
NxOy (sn phm kh duy nht, ktc) c t khi i vi H2 bng 22. Kh NxOy v kim loi M l
A. NO v Mg.
B. N2O v Al
C. N2O v Fe.
D. NO2 v Al.
MKh=22 chng t NxOy l N2O duy nht
2N+5+ 8e N2O
MMn++ne
0,336 0,042
Khi M=3,024: (0,336:n) M=9n (n=3, M=27) Chn Al
p n B
Cu 24: Cho 10 gam amin n chc X phn ng hon ton vi HCl (d), thu c 15 gam mui. S
ng phn cu to ca X l
A. 8.
B. 7.
C. 5.
D. 4.
Cu 25: Cho hn hp gm Fe v Zn vo dung dch AgNO3 n khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton, thu
c dung dch X gm hai mui v cht rn Y gm hai kim loi. Hai mui trong X l
A. Fe(NO3)2 v AgNO3.
B. AgNO3 v Zn(NO3)2.
C. Zn(NO3)2 v Fe(NO3)2.
D. Fe(NO3)3 v Zn(NO3)2.
Dung dch cha 2 mui chng t Fe phn ng mt phn v AgNO 3 ht
Dung dch cha Fe(NO3)2 v Zn(NO3)2
p n C
Dng Cu(OH)2/OHp n A
Cu 27: Cho 6,72 gam Fe vo 400ml dung dch HNO 3 1M, n khi phn ng xy ra hon ton, thu c
kh NO (sn phm kh duy nht) v dung dch X. Dung dch X c th ha tan ti a m gam Cu. Gi tr
ca m l
A. 1,92.
B. 0,64.
C. 3,84.
D. 3,20.
S mol Fe=0,12(mol) s mol HNO3=0,4 (mol)
Fe+4HNO3Fe(NO3)3+NO+2H2O
Fe + 2Fe(NO3)33Fe(NO3)2
0,1 0,4
0,1
Fe(NO3)3 d =0,1-0,04=0,06(mol)
p n A
0,02
0,04
Cu + 2Fe(NO3)3Cu(NO3)2+2Fe(NO3)2
0,03 0,06
m Cu=0,03.64=1,92(g)
Cu 29: Cho dy cc cht v ion: Zn, S, FeO, SO 2, N2, HCl, Cu2+, Cl-. S cht v ion c c tnh oxi ha v
tnh kh l
A. 4.
B. 6.
C. 5.
D. 7.
Cu 30: Nung 6,58 gam Cu(NO3)2 trong bnh kn khng cha khng kh, sau mt thi gian thu c 4,96
gam cht rn v hn hp kh X. Hp th hon ton X vo nc c 300 ml dung dch Y. Dung dch
Y c pH bng
A. 2.
B. 3.
C. 4.
D. 1.
Theo phng php tng gim khi lng
S mol mui phn ng =(6,58-4,96):108=0,015(mol)
Cu(NO3)22NO2+1/2O2
0,015
0,03
4NO24HNO3
0,03
0,03 [H+]=0,03:0,3=0,1(M) pH=1
p n D
Cu 32: Hp cht hu c X tc dng c vi dung dch NaOH v dung dch brom nhng khng tc
dng vi dung dch NaHCO3. Tn gi ca X l
A. metyl axetat.
B. axit acrylic.
C. anilin.
D. phenol.
Cu 33: Nguyn t ca nguyn t X c cu hnh electron lp ngoi cng l ns 2np4. Trong hp cht kh
ca nguyn t X vi hir, X chim 94,12% khi lng. Phn trm khi lng ca nguyn t X trong
oxit cao nht l
A. 27,27%.
B. 40,00%.
C. 60,00%.
D. 50,00%.
Hp cht vi H l H2X c %X theo khi lng l 94,12% X l S nn %S trong SO 3 l 40%
p n B
Cu 35: Dung dch X cha hn hp gm Na2CO3 1,5M v KHCO3 1M. Nh t t tng git cho n ht
200 ml dung dch HCl 1M vo 100 ml dung dch X, sinh ra V lt kh ( ktc). Gi tr ca V l
A. 4,48.
B. 1,12.
C. 2,24.
D. 3,36.
S mol CO32-=0,15 (mol) ; s mol HCO3-=0,1(mol) ; s mol H+=0,2(mol)
H++CO32-HCO3- ; Tng s mol HCO3-=0,25 ; H++ HCO3- CO2+H2O
0,15 0,15 0,15
0,05 0,25 0,05
p n B
Cu 36: Khi t chy hon ton m gam hn hp hai ancol no, n chc, mch h thu c V lt kh CO 2
( ktc) v a gam H2O. Biu thc lin h gia m, a v V l:
V
V
V
A. m = a
.
B. m = 2a
.
C. m = 2a
.
5,6
11, 2
22, 4
D. m = a +
V
.
5,6
m=mC+mH+mO=12.(V:22,4)+a:9+16.(a:18-V:22,4)
p n A
Cu 37: C ba dung dch: amoni hirocacbonat, natri aluminat, natri phenolat v ba cht lng: ancol
etylic, benzen, anilin ng trong su ng nghim ring bit. Nu ch dng mt thuc th duy nht l dung
dch HCl th nhn bit c ti a bao nhiu ng nghim?
A. 5.
B. 6.
C. 3.
D. 4.
Dng HCl nhn ra 6 cht: NH4HCO3 c kh thot ra ; NaAlO2 c kt ta keo sau tan ; Phenolat natri c
hin tng vn c ; C2H5OH dung dch trong sut ; Phenol phn lp ; Anilin ban u phn lp sau lc
u to dung dch trong sut vi HCl d
p n B
Cu 38: Cho 0,448 lt kh CO2 ( ktc) hp th ht vo 100 ml dung dch cha hn hp NaOH 0,06M v
Ba(OH)2 0,12M, thu c m gam kt ta. Gi tr ca m l
A. 3,940.
B. 1,182.
C. 2,364.
D. 1,970.
nOH-=0,006+2.0,012=0,03(mol)
nCO2=0,02(mol) 1<nOH-/nCO2<2 nn to ra 2 ion s mol bng nhau=0,01mol
Ba2++CO32- BaCO3
0,012 0,01
0,01
khi lng kt ta = 0,01.197=1,97(g)
p n D
Cu 39: Dy cc kim loi u c th c iu ch bng phng php in phn dung dch mui ca
chng l:
A. Ba, Ag, Au.
Fe, Cu, Ag
p n B
Cu 40: Cu hnh electron ca ion X2+ l 1s22s22p63s23p63d6. Trong bng tun hon cc nguyn t ha
hc, nguyn t X thuc
A. chu k 4, nhm VIIIB.
C. chu k 3, nhm VIB.
Cu hnh ca X l
3d64s2 chu k 4, nhm VIIIB
p n A
II. PHN RING [10 cu]: Th sinh ch c lm mt trong hai phn (phn A hoc B)
A. Theo chng trnh Chun (10 cu, t cu 41 n cu 50)
Cu 41: Cho cc hp cht hu c: C2H2; C2H4; CH2O; CH2O2 (mch h); C3H4O2 (mch h, n chc).
Bit C3H4O2 khng lm chuyn mu qu tm m. S cht tc dng c vi dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3
to ra kt ta l
A. 3.
B. 4
C. 2
D. 5
CH=CH, HCHO, HCOOH, CH=C-COOCH3, 4 cht ny u tc dng vi AgNO3/NH3
p n B
Cu 42: C nm dung dch ng ring bit trong nm ng nghim: (NH4)2SO4, FeCl2, Cr(NO3)3, K2CO3,
Al(NO3)3. Cho dung dch Ba(OH)2 n d vo nm dung dch trn. Sau khi phn ng kt thc, s ng
nghim c kt ta l
A. 5.
B. 2.
C. 4.
D. 3
(NH4)2SO4, FeCl2, K2CO3 to kt ta vi Ba(OH)2 v cc kt ta to ra khng tan
p n D
Cu 43: Ha tan hon ton 14,6 gam hn hp X gm Al v Sn bng dung dch HCl (d), thu c 5,6 lt
H2( ktc). Th tch kh O2 ( ktc) cn phn ng hon ton vi 14,6 gam hn hp X l
A. 3,92 lt.
B. 1,68 lt
C. 2,80 lt
D. 4,48 lt
GV: Nguyn i Lun -T: 0987626093. - Email: londonDL2003@yahoo.com
27x+119y=14,6
3/ 2x+y=0,25
Zn + HCl ZnCl2 + H2
y
x=0,1
y=0,1
p : 4Al +
3O2 2Al2O3 . Sn + O2 SnO2
0,1 0,1*3/4
0,1 0,1
nO2 = (0,1*3/4 + 0,1*1) = 0,175 (mol) Vo2 = 0,175*22,4 = 3,92 (lt)
p n A
B. Anehit
C. Amin
D. Ancol.
Cu 45: Cho hn hp gm 1,2 mol Mg v x mol Zn vo dung dch cha 2 mol Cu2+ v 1 mol Ag+ n khi
cc phn ng xy ra hon ton, thu c mt dung dch cha 3 ion kim loi. Trong cc gi tr sau y,
gi tr no ca x tha mn trng hp trn?
A. 1,5
B. 1,8
C. 2,0
D. 1,2
MgMg2++2e
1,2
2,4
Ag++1eAg
1
1
Tho mn ra
p n D
ZnZn2++2e
x
2x
Cu2++2eCu
2
4
th 2,4+2x<1+4 hay x<1,3(mol)
Cu 46: Cho hn hp X gm hai axit cacboxylic no, mch khng phn nhnh. t chy hon ton 0,3
mol hn hp X, thu dc 11,2 lit kh CO2 ( ktc). Nu trung ha 0,3 mol X th cn dng 500 ml dung
dch NaOH 1M. Hai axit l:
A. HCOOH, HOOC-CH2-COOH.
B. HCOOH, CH3COOH.
C. HCOOH, C2H5COOH
D. HCOOH, HOOC-COOH.
0,3 mol axit trung ho 0,5 mol NaOH th phi c 1 axit n chc v mt axit hai chc
n trung bnh l 5/3 nn chn D
p n D
Cu 47: Hp cht X mch h c cng thc phn t l C4H9NO2. Cho 10,3 gam X phn ng va vi
dung dch NaOH sinh ra mt cht kh Y v dung dch Z. Kh Y nng hn khng kh, lm giy qu tm m
chuyn mu xanh. Dung dch Z c kh nng lm mt mu nc brom. C cn dung dch Z thu c m
gam mui khan. Gi tr ca m l
A. 8,2
B. 10,8
C. 9,4
D. 9,6
Cng thc thu gn ca X l CH2=CHCOONH3CH3
CH2=CHCOONH3CH3+NaOHCH2=CHCOONa+CH3NH2+H2O
0,1mol
0,1 mol
Khi lng cht rn = 0,1.94=9,4(g)
p n C
Cu 48: Cho cn bng sau trong bnh kn: 2NO 2 ( k ) N2O4 (k).
(mu nu )
(khng mu)
Bit khi h nhit ca bnh th mu nu nht dn. Phn ng thun c:
A. H < 0, phn ng thu nhit
B. H > 0, phn ng ta nhit
C. H > 0, phn ng thu nhit
D. H < 0, phn ng ta nhit
Phn ng to nhit tc delta H<O
p n D
Cu 49: t chy hon ton 0,2 mol mt ancol X no, mch h, cn va 17,92 lt kh O2 ( ktc). Mt
khc, nu cho 0,1 mol X tc dng va vi m gam Cu(OH)2 th to thnh dung dch c mu xanh lam.
Gi tr ca m v tn gi ca X tng ng l
A. 4,9 v propan-1,2-iol
B. 9,8 v propan-1,2-iol
C. 4,9 v glixerol.
D. 4,9 v propan-1,3-iol
s mol Cu(OH)2=1/2s mol X=0,05(mol)
Khi lng Cu(OH)2=4,9(g)
Cu 51: Mt bnh phn ng c dung tch khng i, cha hn hp kh N2 v H2 vi nng tng ng l 0,3
M v 0,7 M. Sau khi phn ng tng hp NH3 t trng thi cn bng t0C, H2 chim 50% th tch hn hp thu
c. Hng s cn bng KC t0C ca phn ng c gi tr l
A. 2,500
B. 0,609
C. 0,500
D. 3,125
Cu 52: Cho sut in ng chun ca cc pin in ha: Zn-Cu l 1,1 V; Cu-Ag l 0,46 V. Bit th in cc
0
0
0
chun E Ag + / Ag = +0,8V . Th din cc chun EZn2+ / Zn v ECu 2+ / Cu c gi tr ln lt l
A. +1,56 V v +0,64 V
B. 1,46 V v 0,34 V
C. 0,76 V v + 0,34 V
D. 1,56 V v +0,64 V
Cu 53: Nung nng m gam PbS ngoi khng kh sau mt thi gian, thu c hn hp rn (c cha mt oxit)
nng 0,95 m gam. Phn trm khi lng PbS b t chy l
A. 74,69 %
B. 95,00 %
C. 25,31 %
D. 64,68 %
Cu 54: Pht biu no sau y l ng?
A. Anilin tc dng vi axit nitr khi un nng thu c mui iazoni
B. Benzen lm mt mu nc brom nhit thng.
C. Etylamin phn ng vi axit nitr nhit thng, sinh ra bt kh.
D. Cc ancol a chc u phn ng vi Cu(OH)2 to dung dch mu xanh lam.
Cu 55: Dy gm cc dung dch u tham gia phn ng trng bc l:
A. Glucoz, mantoz, axit fomic, anehit axetic
B. Frutoz, mantoz, glixerol, anehit axetic
C. Glucoz, glixerol, mantoz, axit fomic.
D. Glucoz, frutoz, mantoz, saccaroz.
Cu 56: Dy gm cc cht v thuc u c th gy nghin cho con ngi l
A. penixilin, paradol, cocain.
B. heroin, seduxen, erythromixin
C. cocain, seduxen, cafein.
D. ampixilin, erythromixin, cafein.
Cu 57: Cht hu c X c cng thc phn t C5H8O2. Cho 5 gam X tc dng va ht vi dung dch NaOH, thu
c mt hp cht hu c khng lm mt mu nc brom v 3,4 gam mt mui. Cng thc ca X l
A. CH3COOC(CH3)=CH2.
B. HCOOC(CH3)=CHCH3.
C. HCOOCH2CH=CHCH3
D. HCOOCH=CHCH2CH3.
Cu 58: Cho dy chuyn ha sau:
+ NaOH (du)
+X
Y (hp cht thm)
Phenol
Phenyl axetat
t0
Hai cht X,Y trong s trn ln lt l:
A. anhirit axetic, phenol.
B. anhirit axetic, natri phenolat
C. axit axetic, natri phenolat.
D. axit axetic, phenol.
Cu 59: Cho s chuyn ha:
H 3O+
KCN
Y
CH3CH2Cl
X
t0
Cng thc cu to ca X, Y ln lt l:
A. CH3CH2CN, CH3CH2CHO.
C. CH3CH2CN, CH3CH2COONH4.
Cu 60: Trng hp xy ra phn ng l
B. CH3CH2NH2, CH3CH2COOH.
D. CH3CH2CN, CH3CH2COOH.
A. Cu + Pb(NO3)2 (long)
C. Cu + HCl (long) + O2
B. Cu + HCl (long)
D. Cu + H2SO4 (long)
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