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The Digging Fork
A Davis Garden Newsletter
July - August 2008July AugustPlanting
Warm season annualsPerennials
Can still plant, but need to keep plants well watered until established 
 Warm season annualsPerennialsCool season vegetables:Strawberries
(if you can findthem)
, potatoes
(early Aug.),
leeks
Can still plant, but need to keep plants well watered until established.
Seeding
directlyinto thegarden
Warm season vegetables:
These crops are best direct seeded in gardenin early July-
snap beans, cucumbers,summer squash and cornWarm season annualssunflowers, cosmos,celosia, alyssum,marigold, zinniaCool season vegetables:
Must shade seedlings!!
Brussels Sprouts,rutabagaCool season vegetables:
Must shade seedlings!!
 broccoli, cabbage, leeks,carrots, cauliflower andromanesco, Florencefennel, kale, lettuce, greenonions, parsnips, turnips,Swiss chard
Seeding
in traysoutside orgreenhouse,to trans-plant in fall
 
Perennials and cool seasonannualsCool season vegetables: broccoli, cabbage, leeks,lettuce, cauliflower andromanescoPerennials and cool seasonannuals
Fertilize
Roses after bloom Citrus as needed.Look for nutrientdeficiencies – especiallyiron and nitrogen.Soil sulfur for citrus andacid loving plants
(will lower the pH of soil makingiron more available to plants. Mixsoil sulfur with top 6” of soil andwater well)
 
Pest &DiseaseControl
Tomato hornworms - pick off Snails, slugs and earwigsdamage –use baits or trapsAphids -can spray off withwater and watch for ladybeetles.Same as for July.
Tasks
Summer pruning of fruittrees will devigorate plantand help control size.Weed control continuesStake dahlias and other tall plants that need supportCut back berries and tienew canes to supportsMums, asters, perennialsunflowers, etc. can becut to about 12” in earlyJuly to encourage branching and reduce plant height. This maydelay the bloom time.Summer pruning pruning apricot trees onlyin Aug. helps controlEutypa diseaseDivide and replant beardediris.Weed control continuesOrder cool season bulbs and perennial plants for fall planting (see article in
The Digging Fork
,May 2007 issue)
Water
Water deeply andinfrequently to encouragedeep roots!!Deep water trees and shrubsSame as July.Water compost piles!Early November succulent display
Succulents
Although many of us have been growing succulentsfor years, they seem to be extremely popular right now.They are interesting plants even when not in flower with leaves that can be pinkish, grey, white, red,yellow, etc. Succulents are plants that are able to storewater in their swollen, fleshy roots, stems, flowers or leaves making them a good choice for low water gardens. The cactus family, with all plants originatingin the Americas, contains about a quarter of thesucculents. So, all cacti are succulents, but not allsucculents are cacti. It is not so easy to distinguish acactus just by looking at it. Most cacti have sharpspines, but many do not. Many non-cactus succulentsalso have spines, thorns or sharp toothed leaves whichmake them look like a cactus.Succulents can be planted in pots or in the garden.They require well drained soil and little water. Somewill be very happy in the garden with regular watering,however more succulents die from over-watering thananything else. Some are fine in the sun but most likeafternoon shade in our climate. These plants also haveevolved to require less nutrients. Planting in pots can be challenging in Davis with our long, hot summers, but succulents are a great choice with their low water and nutrient needs. Several types with differing forms,colors and sizes can be grouped in a pot for interest.They also lend themselves to some creative planting inwreaths, wheel barrels, old logs, etc. Cactus and non-cactus succulents are best not grouped together as their needs differ. The only negative features of succulentsis that they do not tolerate being walked on andsometimes stems easily break off.In the wild, propagation by seed is most common.However gardeners can take advantage of the easyvegetative propagation of succulents. Propagation iseasiest when the plants are actively growing. To prevent pathogens from entering, stem and leaf cuttings need to heal for a couple days to several weeks before planting to form a hard calloused layer.
 
2
Offsets can often be separated from the mother plantand replanted.
Stem cutting roots grow at nodes Mother plant with offsets
Maintenance is easy. Pull off or cut spent flowersand remove withered leaves. Remove the cobwebswith a soft brush. If growing in pots, repotoccasionally, adding a thin layer of gravel on top of thesoil, if desired, to help with drainage. Some succulentsare frost sensitive and may die during a cold winter.Many will change colors as the weather cools with beautiful shades of red, purple or orange.Here are some of the easiest succulents to grow inDavis. Most
Aloe
have spines on the edges of leaves.The juice in the leaves of the well known
 Aloe vera
isused to treat minor burns.
 Aeonium, Sempervivum
 and
 Echeveria
all have wonderful rosettes and can bevery showy.
 Sedum
 
are very easy to grow and propagate. There are many sizes and colors and theyare also very frost hardy.
Crassula
can be frostsensitive and includes the Jade plants that arecommonly grown.
 Dudleya
are succulents native toCalifornia.The local nurseries have a wonderful selection of succulents!!
~ Garden Intern Needed ~
For a few years now, Patricia has tried to have a paid intern one day a week.The intern learns about plants, garden maintenance, irrigation, propagation,etc. and Patricia gets a bit of help in the garden. Days and hours areflexible. If this sounds interesting to you, send an email to Patricia.
Plant sales and events
UCD Arboretum
Plant sale Saturday, October 4Lots of great guided tours and workshops coming up!!
For information 752-4880
 
www.arboretum.ucdavis.edu 
Fall Plant Sale and Garden Walk 
Sunday, September 28, 10-3pmSale held in Patricia’s garden, 36951 Russell Blvd. DavisPatricia Carpenter and Frances Andrews, propagators
Information 753-0607TheDiggingFork@gmail.com 
Davis Garden Club
Tour - Morningsun Herb Farm Sunday, July 27 10:30 am
For information 222-3052www.davisgardenclub.org 
Plant Sales at The Gifted Gardener
Saturdays and Sundays: July 19
th
and 20
th
, September 20
th
and 21
st
, October 4
th
and 5th 9:30 am to 3 pm.
18
th
and J Streets, Sacramento. Sales benefit local charitiesInformationGardenNotes@sbcglobal.net(916) 923-3745
Friends of the Davis Library Book Sale
August 8 (noon-7 pm), 9 (10 am-5 pm), 10 (10 am-3 pm)Often good finds on gardening books!
Info. 758-4754
Local classes and workshops
Master Gardener Educational Workshops
Fruit Tree Summer Pruning and IrrigationSaturday, July 12, 9-11 amWoodland Community College Greenhouse OrchardYolo County Fair Aug. 13-17, Floriculture building and courtyardBooth featuring container gardeningFlower pounding Saturday, early afternoon ,Composting Friday and Saturday, 10-11amTomato Festival and Seed SavingAug. 23 Woodland Farmer’s Market
Workshops are free 666-8143http://ceyolo.ucdavis.edu/Gardening_and_Master_Gardening/ 
Davis Central Park Garden Workshops
Tour of the Garden Saturday, July 26 9am 
Free, more information
 
http://www.centralparkgardens.org 
Gardening Skills Class – Davis Adult School
Mondays, September 22 to November 3, 6:30 – 8:30 pmPlus two Garden Visits to reinforce classroom learning:Sunday, September 28, 3-5 pm andSunday, October 19, 12-4 pm (rain date is Oct. 26)Taught by Patricia Carpenter and Marlene Simon
Informationwww.djusd.k12.ca.us/AdultSchool 
Ceanothus California Field Botanists Association
 
Learn to key plants.Saturday, July 12, 9 am to 12 noonHeld at UC Davis Center for Plant Diversity
Informationwww.ceanothusfieldbotanist.blogspot.com 
City of Davis Worm and Garden Composting
Free compost bin by taking Davis CompostCorrespondence Class
Informationwww.davisrecycling.org(530) 757-5686
Collection of succulents in pot
Sedum
‘Autumn Joy’Planted in old boots Newly planted log
 
3
Plant notes!
Here is more information about some plants mentioned in this newsletter.
 
Shade plants:
Asian lace fern
Microlepia strigosa
Bright, dappled and deep shade.2-3 ft. tall. Tolerates drier conditions than most ferns.
baby’s tears
Soleirolia soleirolii
Evergreen mat, perennial. Will die back with sun or hard frost, but regrows. Bright to deep shade.
bergenia, pigsqueak 
 
 Bergenia
Evergreen About 18 in. tall. Pink flowers in winter. Bright, dappled and deep shade. Wonderful with ferns.
bloody dock 
 
 Rumex sanguineus
Dappled to bright shade, some sun.1-2 ft. tall. Edible sorrel.
calla
 Zantedeschia aethiopica
Perennial rhizome may go dormant insummer with lots of sun or lack of moisture. Flowers white, 2-4 ft.Bright to dappled shade, some sun.
cast-iron plant
 Aspidistra elatior 
Evergreen perennial, 2-3 ft. tall.Bright to deep shade. The reddish flowers are only 3 inches tall.
Chinese foxglove
 
 Rehmannia elata
Dappled to bright shade. 2 ft. tall.
clivia
Clivia miniata
Perennial from tuberous rhizomes, mostly orangeflowers. 2 ft. tall. Dappled, bright and deep shade.
dead nettle
 Lamium maculatum
Evergreen groundcover. Bright todappled shade, some sun. Many wonderful cultivars.
flowering maple
 Abutilon hybrids
Woody shrub 3-10 ft. tall. Bright todappled shade, some sun. Semi-evergreen, almost always in flower.Properly stake newly planted shrubs. Scale can be a problem.
hellebore
 Helleborus
Evergreen perennial, blooms late winter. Brightto dappled shade. Unusual flowers last a long time on plant.
 Helleborusorientalis
, Lenten rose does well here.
Japanese anemone
 
 Anemone
x
hybrida
2-5 ft. tall, fibrous root.Flowers pink or white, cut back after bloom. Takes awhile to establish plants, then spreads. Bright and dappled shade, some sun.
Japanese aucuba
 Aucuba japonica
Evergreen woody shrub 6-10 ft.Direct sun will burn leaves. ‘Variegata’ usually called gold dust plant.
Myers asparagus
Asparagus densiflorus
 
‘Myers’ Evergreen, 2 ft. tall.Bright to deep shade. Upright green tufts can be trimmed to ground toreplenish.
rose campion
 Lychnis coronaria
Perennial, white or magenta flowers,self-sows. 2-3 ft. tall. Gray foliage. Bright to dappled shade or sun.
southern sword fern
 Nephrolepis cordifolia
Evergreen, tolerates poor soil, spreads by runners. Bright to dappled shade.
spider plant
 
Chlorophytum comosum
Common indoor plant can beused as a groundcover or specimen plant. White flowers and variegatedfoliage lighten up a bright, dappled or deep shade area.
Succulents:
 Aeonium
(ay-OH-nee-um) Mediterranean islands and western part of N.Africa. Rosettes, prefer afternoon shade. Will tolerate regular gardenWatering, are somewhat frost sensitive. Propagate by stem cuttings
 Aloe
 
(AL-lo) From drier regions of Africa and Madagascar. Some willgrow 30 ft. tall. Well drained soil and low water, but tolerates regular garden watering. Propagate by offsets. Some prefer full sun and others part shade.
 Aloe vera
(
 Aloe barbadensis)
used for burns.
Crassula
(KRASS-yuh-lah) From southeastern Africa. May die back ina cold winter. Propagate by stem cuttings. The Jade plant,
C. ovata
iscommon in Davis
 Dudleya
 
(DUD-lee-yuh) Native to California, Arizona and Oregon. Theyneed well drained soil.
 Echeveria
(etch-a-VER-ya) From Mexico to Venezuela. Propagate by planting offsets or leaf cuttings. These benefit from more water, morefertilizer and a richer soil than most succulents.
 Sempervivum
 
(semm-pur-VEE-vuhm)
 
From the mountains of Europe,Asia and Africa. Winter hardy.
S. Tectorum
is the common houseleek,often called hen and chicks. Propagate by cuttings and offsets. Flowersare green, white, yellow, pink and red. Prefers afternoon shade.
 Sedum
 
(SEE-duhm) Stonecrop is from northern temperate regions, partsof Africa and South America. Many colors and forms and among theeasiest succulents to grow, cold hardy. Propagate from cuttings. Manysedums benefit from cutting back to new growth after flowering.Flowers white to red, yellow.
Cool season vegetables:
Seeds can be sown directly in the garden in the summer for a fall crop.Shade seedlings and keep them well watered until established. Seeds can also be started in trays or pots and the plants will be transplanted into the garden in Sept. and Oct.
Dead nettle ‘Orchid Frost’ Rose campion
Shade - So Welcome in the Summer
In the heat of the summer, a shade garden soundslike a wonderful idea. Getting plants to grow in shadehowever can be difficult. They grow slower than insun, if planted under trees they have roots to contendwith and water needs vary depending on the amount of shade. There are many types of shade including deepshade, shade with bright light and dappled shade.Knowing the type of shade in your garden will helpwith plant selection.Shade refers to an area that receives less than 5-6hours of sun. Plants in shady areas may get a bit of direct sun in the morning or afternoon. Direct sun inthe morning is ideal, being that it is not as harsh. Justabout any shade plant will be happy in this location. If the direct sun occurs in the late afternoon, this is amore difficult spot. This can be a western exposurewhere sun is blocked most of the day or a northernexposure with hot afternoon sun for a few hours just inthe summer when the sun sets further north. In thislocation, a sun plant will not thrive with so few hoursof sun but the intense afternoon heat may prove fatal tomore sensitive shade plants. Flowering maple,Japanese anemone, calla, dead nettle, and rose campionare examples of plants that do well in this tough spot.
Flowering maple Japanese anemone
Some areas of shade receive both sun and lightintermittently throughout the day. These filtered odappled shade areas occur generally under the opencanopy of a tree. Most shade plants thrive with theseconditions.Some areas get no sun at all. Bright shade,sometimes called light shade, most often occurs under 
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