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IIBetween the Global and the Local:Islamism,the Middle East,and Indonesia
TheBrookings Project on U.S.Policy Towards the IslamicWorld
is designed to respond to some ofthe most difficultchallenges that the U.S.will face in the coming years,most particularly how to prosecute the continuing war onglobal terrorist groups while still promoting positive relations with Muslim states and communities.A key partofthe Project is the production of
Analysis Papers
that investigate critical,but under-explored,issues in Americanpolicy towards the Islamic world.A repeated challenge in American policy towards the Muslim world is how the United States will deal with the ris-ing power and popularity ofgroups that organize around ideas and forms ofactivism that conceive ofIslam not just as a religion but also as a political ideology.From the Middle East to Southeast Asia,such groups,commonly referred to as Islamist,are among the most popular,active,and credible actors on the ground.As American democratization,aid,public diplomacy,and other activities seek to play an increasingly active rolewithin the political environment inside Muslim states,it is therefore clearly important for policymakers to under-stand the differences within,and evolution of,Islamism and Islamist groups and spin-offs.This is especially critical with respect to the role ofIslamist parties in nascent democracies.But beyond that,understanding how thespread ofideas takes place in an increasingly globalized world is important not just to the success ofsuch policiesofreform,but also to counter-terrorist efforts.At a time when al-qa‘ida is increasingly seen as an ideology ratherthan an organization,assessing the extent to which ideology in its malign forms has spread,and how it has doneso,will equally provide clues as to the future trajectory ofthe terrorist threat.At the same time,as the most populous Muslim democracy in the world,Indonesia is one ofthe most importantstates within the Muslim world.Yet,the focus ofAmerican policy towards,and understanding of,the Muslim worldis centered on the Middle East,often leaving out this vital state in policy discussions.Thus,a better appreciation of the complexities ofIndonesia,and local Islamist groups’connection into the broader,global exchange ofideas andadaptation,is necessary for future policy success.
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