CURRICULUM 2009 10, With Effect From 2010 11 Department of Technical Education DIPLOMA COURSE IN ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS

CS ENGINEERING Fourth Semester Sub: ELECTRICAL MACHINES II Sub Code: Contact Hrs/Week: 4. Chapter No Topic UNIT I 1 2 3 4 Transformers UNIT II Induction motors UNIT III Synchronous motors Single phase motors Industrial innovation Tests and Revision TOTAL 10 2 6 4 _________ 64 20 22 Contact Hrs/Sem: 64 No. of Hours

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CURRICULUM 2009 10, With Effect From 2010 11 CONTENT 1. TRANSFORMERS 1. Working Principle of Transformer 2. E.M.F. Equation. 3. Operation on No Load & On Load 4. Equivalent Circuit 5. Regulation & Efficiency Phase Transformers 7. Cooling of Transformer Transformer 9. Auto Transformer 10. Parallel Operation 2 Induction motors 1. Working principle 2. Types: Types of induction motor and their construction details. 3. Torque: Torque-slip curves. 4. Equivalent circuit 22Hrs 4 3 1 1 6 6. Three 2 2 8. Welding 1 1 1 20Hrs 3 1 4 1

5. Power output 2 6. Circle diagram: No load and blocked rotor tests-construction of circle diagram-problems. 3 7. Starting: Necessity & Types, soft starters. 2 8. Speed Control: Different methods A] Change of applied voltage of frequency C] Change of poles D] Rheostat control 9. Linear induction motor 10. Induction generator 3 Synchronous motors 1. Working principle. 2, Operation on load 1 1 10Hrs 2 1 2 B] Change

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CURRICULUM 2009 10, With Effect From 2010 11 3. Characteristics 4. Hunting Method: 1 6. Applications 7. Permanent magnet synchronous motor NEODYMIUM, SAMARIUM, COBALT, FERRITE, ALNICO.5 4. Single phase Motors Split phase motors and Capacitor motors SPECIFIC INSTRUCTIONAL OBJECTIVES Transformers 1.1 Working principle, construction and classification 1.1.1 Explain the working principle of transformers. 1.1.2 Classify the various types of transformers 1.1.2.1 Based on construction 1.1.2.2 Based on application 1.1.3 Explain briefly the various parts of the transformer and explain the functions of each part. 1.1.4 Name the different insulating material used in transformer. 1.1.4.1 Write the properties and uses of transformer oil. 1.1.5 Explain the construction of core type and shell type transformers. 1.2 Emf Equation 1.2.1 Derive emf equation and explain transformation ratio. 1.2.2 Solve problem on emf equation. 1.3 Operation 1.3.1 Explain the operation of a transformer on no load and on load with vector diagrams. 1.3.2 Solve the problem on transformer on no load. 1.4 Equivalent circuit 1.4.1 Define the equivalent resistance of a transformer as refereed to primary and secondary side. 1.4.2 Explain magnetic leakage in a transformer core. 1.4.3 Explain leakage reactance & calculate equivalent reactance as referred to primary and secondary side. 1.4.4 Write the formula for equivalent impedance. 1) Referred to primary. 2) Referred to secondary 1.4.5 Draw the equivalent circuit diagram of a transformer. 1.5 Regulation and Efficiency 1.5.1 Explain the various losses in a transformer. 1.5.2 Explain open circuit and short circuit test on transformer to find no load and 2 1 5.Starting 1 2 2Hrs

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CURRICULUM 2009 10, With Effect From 2010 11 copper losses 1.5.3 Define voltage regulation in the transformer. 1.5.4 Write equation for voltage regulation. 1.5.5 Calculate the efficiency of transformer at given loads. 1.5.6 State the condition for maximum efficiency 1.5.7 Define all day efficiency. 1.5.8 Solve the problems on the above. 1.6 3 phase transformers 1.6.1 Explain working principle and construction of 3 phase transformers. 1.6.2 Explain star-star, Delta-Delta, star-Delta, Delta-star, open delta and Scott connections 1.7 Cooling of transformer 1.7.1 Explain the necessity of cooling of transformer. 1.7.2 List the various types of cooling of transformer. 1.7.3 Write the meaning of AN, ON, OFA. 1.8 Welding transformer 1.8.1 Explain the construction and write the applications of a welding transformer. 1.9 Auto transformer 1.9.1 Explain briefly an auto transformer. 1.9.2 Compare auto transformer with two winding transformer. 1.9.3 List the application of auto transformer. 1.10 Parallel operation 1.10.1 Explain the necessity and conditions for parallel operation. 1.10.2 Explain with neat sketches parallel operation of single phase transformers with their load sharing. 2 Induction motor 2.1 2.1.1 2.1.2 2.1.3 2.1.4 2.2 2.2.1 2.3 2.3.2 2.3.3 2.3.4 Working principle Explain the working principle of induction motor. Compare with it a transformer. Explain how the rotating magnetic field is produced by poly phase supply. Define the terms slip, frequency of rotor current. Types Describe the construction of stator, squirrel cage rotor and phase wound rotor. Torque Derive an expression for starting torque. Compare the starting torques of squirrel cage and slip ring induction motor. State the condition for max starting torque.

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CURRICULUM 2009 10, With Effect From 2010 11 2.3.5 2.3.6 2.3.7 2.3.8 Explain the effect of change in supply voltage on starting torque. State equation for torque under running conditions. Draw torque - slip curves. State relationship between 1. Full load torque and maximum torque. 2. Starting torque and maximum torque. Equivalent circuit Draw the equivalent circuit of an induction motor. Power output State the relationship between rotor power input, rotor copper loss, and mechanical power developed and slip. Solve problems on the above. Circle diagrams Construct the circle diagram for the given 3 induction motor using the no-load and blocked rotor test results. Calculate slip rotor stator copper losses, power factor, efficiency, speed regulation for Full load conditions from above circle diagram. Solve problems on the above. Starting Explain the necessity of starters for 3 induction motors and list the various types of starters. Explain the construction and working of 1. D.O.L. Starter 2. Soft Starter 3. Star-Delta Starter

2.4 2.4.1 2.5 2.5.1 2.5.2 2.6 2.6.1 2.6.2 2.6.3 2.7 2.7.1 2.7.2 2.8 2.8.1

Speed control With neat circuit diagram. Explain the speed control of 3 induction motor. 1. Change of applied voltage 2. Change of frequency(Variable voltage and variable frequency) 3. Change of poles 4. Rheostat control. 2.8.2. Explain the principle of working & application of linear induction motor. 2.8.3 Explain Induction Generators and its applications.

3.Synchronous motors 3.1 3.1.1 3.1.2 3.2 3.2.1 Working principle Describe the general principle of operation of synchronous motor. Compare the synchronous motor with induction motor Operation on load Explain the effect of change in excitation at constant load

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CURRICULUM 2009 10, With Effect From 2010 11

3.3 3.3.1 3.3.2 3.4 3.4.1 3.5 3.5.1 3.6 3.6.1 3.7 3.7.1 3.7.2 3.7.3 4

Characteristics Explain the effect of excitation on armature current & power factor. Define V-curves & inverted V-curves & draw the same. Hunting Explain hunting and its prevention. Starting Explain the methods of starting synchronous motor. Applications Explain the applications of synchronous motors. Permanent Magnet Synchronous motor Explain permanent magnet Synchronous motor. State the characteristics of permanent magnet. List the properties of NEODYMIUM, SAMARIUM, COBALT, FERRITE, ALNICO.5.

Single phase motors 4.1 4.1.1 4.1.2 4.1.3 Split phase induction motor State the principle of working of single phase induction motor. Name different types of single phase induction motor. Explain the construction, principle of operation, characteristics &applications of a) Single phase capacitor start capacitor run I.M b) Single phase capacitor start induction run I.M

REFERENCES: 1. Electrical Technology volume 2 by BL Theraja & A.K.Theraja S.Chand publication 2. Principles of Electrical Machines by V.K.Mehtha.S.Chand publication 3. Electrical Machines by Bhattacharya. Tata McGraw Hill Co. 4. Electrical Machines by J.B.Guptha Kataria & Sons Publications. 5. Generation of Electrical Energy by BR Gupta. S.Chand Publication. 6. Fundamentals of elecrical drives by G.K. Dubey Narosa publications. 7. Electrical Machines by Deshpande.

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CURRICULUM 2009 10, With Effect From 2010 11

MODEL QUESTION PAPER Third Semester Diploma Examination ELECTRICAL BOARD Electrical Machines-II TIME: 3 Hours Max Marks: 100 Note: i) Section I is compulsory. ii) Answer any six full questions taking two full questions from each of the remaining sections. Section I 1. a) Fill in the blanks. (5X1=5) i) The transformer has K=1/2. It means secondary voltage ____________ than the primary voltage. ii) The maximum efficiency occurs in a transformer when iron loss is _______ to copper loss. iii) All day efficiency is defined for ____ Transformer. iv) Rheostatic control is used with ______ type of induction motors v) The watt meter reading in a blocked rotor test on 3 phase induction motor represents ____ losses in motor. b) List out the constructional features of a welding transformer. Section II 2. a) Explain the working principle of transformer with a neat sketch. b) List the properties of transformer oil. c) Derive an emf equation of transformer with usual notations. 3. a) Draw the vector diagram of transformer with lagging PF load. (5) (5) (5) (5) (5)

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CURRICULUM 2009 10, With Effect From 2010 11 b) Draw the exact and approximate equivalent circuit diagram of a transformer. (6) c) A 5 KVA distribution transformer has a full load efficiency at UPF of 95%. The copper and iron losses being equal, calculate all day efficiency if it is loaded throughout 24 hrs as below. No load for 10 hrs, half load for 5 Hrs, Quarter load for 7 Hrs, Full load for 2 Hrs. Assume UPF load. (4) 4. a) Draw the circuit diagram for star/star and delta/delta banking connections of Transformer b) Explain the necessity of cooling of transformer. c) List the conditions for the parallel operation of the transformers. Section III 5. a) Compare induction motor with transformer. b) Write the equation for frequency of the rotor current in terms of slip. c) With a neat sketch explain the constructional features of a squirrel cage type induction motor. (4) (2) (9) (6) (5) (4)

6. a) Explain the procedure for constructing circle diagram from no load and blocked rotor test on induction motor. (9) b) Write the relation between the following. i) Rotor copper loss, rotor input and slip ii) Rotor gross output, slip and rotor input (4) c) List the application of a liner induction motor (2) 7. a) Draw a neat sketch of a DOL starter and explain its working principle. b) Explain poll changing method of speed control of induction motor. c) List the applications of induction generators. Section IV 8. a) Explain the general principle of operation of synchronous motor. b) Draw and explain V and inverted V curves of synchronous motor. 9. a) List the methods of starting synchronous motor and explain any one method in brief. b) Compare synchronous motor with induction motor. c) State the characteristics of permanent magnet synchronous motor. 10. a) Explain the construction and applications of single phase capacitor start and capacitor run induction motor. b) List the different types of single phase motors. c) Write a short note on soft starters (8) (7) (7) (5) (3) (7) (3) (5) (8) (5) (2)

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