Instructor’s and Solutions Manual to accompany Mechanics of Materials Fourth Edition Volume I, Chapters 1-6 Ferdinand P. Beer Late of Lehigh University E. Russell Johnston, Jr. University of Connecticut John T. DeWolf University of Connecticut Prepared by Dean P. Updike Lehigh Cniversiny PROVRIETARY AND CONFIDENTIAL ‘This Maral i the proprietary propenty of The MeGiraw-1sill Companies, Inc. McGraw-Hill’) and protected by eupyright and other state ‘and federal laws. By opening and using this Macual the user agrees t the following estictions, and ifthe cecipien: does not agree . these resuictions, the Manual should be pramptly returned wnopenes to MeGraw-1tll: his Manual is being provided only to authorized [professors and instructors for use in preparing for the chises using the affiliated textbook. No other use or distribution of ¢his ‘Manual ir permitted. This Manual may not be sold and may not be distributed to or used by any student or other third party. No part of this Manual may be reproduced, juted in any form or by any means, electronic or vtherwive, without the prior written permission of the MeGraw. ve ify Higher Education Bosten Burr Ridge, IL Dubuaue, [A Madison, #1 New York SariFrancisoo St. Lovia Bangkok Bogetd Caracas Kuola Lumpur Lisbon London Madrid Mexico City Mian Montweal New Delhi Santiago Seoul Singapore Sycney Taipel Toronto.TABLE OF CONTENTS: To the Instructor .. Description of Material Contained in Mechanics of Materials, £* edition. Table I : List of Topics Covered in ‘of Materials, 4" edition xvi Table IT: Classification and Description of Problems.. xviii ‘Table HII: Sample Assignment Schedule (50% of Problems in SI Units and 50% in U.S. Customary Units). -xKVi ‘Table LV: Sample Assignment Schedule (75% of Problems in SI Units and 25% in U.S. Customary Units) avi Problem Solutions xixtext for the various loading conditions encountered, Thus, students are presented at a2. early stage with a method of solution that combines the analysis of deformations with the conventional analysis of forces used in statics, and will have become thoroughly famifiar with it by the end of the course. The concept of plastic deformation is also introduced in Chap. 2, where it is applied to the analysis of members under axial loading, while problems involving the plastic deformation of circular shafis and of prismatic beams are considered in optional sections of Chaps. 3 and 4, respectively. On the other hand, while the concept of siress ata point is introduced in Chap. 1, the discussion of the transformation of stresses is delayed until Chap. 7, aller students have discovered. for themselves the need for special techniques, such as Mohr's circle. In this edition, shear and bending-moment diagrams are introduced at the beginning of Chap. 5 and applied immediately to the design of beams in that chapter and ia the next ‘A brief description, chapter by chapter, of the topics included in the text will be found in the following pages. I is hoped that this, material will help instructors oxganize their courses to best fit the needs of their students. The authors of Mechanics of Materials, 4/e, wish to thank Professor Dean P. Updike of the Department of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics at Lehigh University for having written the problem solutions contained in this Manual. E. Russeli Johnston, Jr. John T. DeWolfTO THE INSTRUCTOR: As indicated in its preface, Mechanics of Materials is designed for the first course in mechanics of materials - or strength of materials - offered to engineering students in the sophomore or junior year. However, because of the large numer of optional scetions that have been included and the maturity of approach that has been achieved, this fext can also be used to teach a more advanced course. The text has been divided into units, each corresponding to a well-defined topic and consisting of one or several theory sections followed by sample problems and a large number of problems to be assigned. In order to accommodate courses of varying craphiases, considerably more material has been ‘included than can be covered effectively in a single three-credit-hour course. To assist the instructors in making up a schedule of signments that best Gits their classes, the various topics presented in the text have been Hsted in Table 1 and both a :inimum and a maximum number of periods to be spent on cach topic have been suggested. Topics have been divided into three categories: core topics that will probably be covered in every course; additional topics that can be selected to complement this core to form courses of various emphases; and finally topics that can be used with more advanced students, The problems have been grouped according to the portions of material they illustrate and have been arranged in order of increasing difficulty, with problems requiring special attention indicated by asterisks. The instructor's attention is called 10 the fact that problems have been arranged in groups of six or more, all problems of the same group being closely related. This means that the instructor will easily find additional problems to amplify a particular point that has been brought up in the discussion of a problem assigned for homework. Since half of the problems are stated in SI units and halin U.S. customary units, it also means that the instructor hay the choice of assigning problems using SL units and problems using ULS. customary units in whatever proportion is found to be most desirable for a given class. Yo assist in the preparation of homework assignments Table If provides a brief description of all groups of problems and a classification of the problems in each group according to the xunits used, It should also be noted that answers toall problems with a number set in roman type are given at the end of the teat, while problems with a number set in ilalic are not. Jn Table I six altemative lists of possible assignments have been suggested. Four of these lists consist of problems whose answers are given, al the end of the text, and two of problems whose answers are nol, Half of the problems in each list are stated in SI units and half in U.S. customary units. Kor those instructors who wish ta omphasize the use of SI units, four additional lists of problems have beri given in Table 1V, in which 75% of the problems use SI units. Since the lists in Tables II and TV cover the entire text, instructors will want to select those groups af sections that are best suited to the course they wish to teach. For a typical one-semester course consisting of 42 class meetings and including four quizzes, as many as 38 of the 46 available ‘groups can be selected. Since the approach used in this text differs in a number of respects from the approach used in other books, the instructor is advised to read the preface to Mechanics of Materials, in which the authors have outlined their general philosophy. Attention is particulmly called to the fact that statically indeterminate problems are first discussed in Chapter 2 and are considered throughout thetext for the various loading conditions encountered. Thus, students are presented at an early stage with a method of solution that combines the analysis of deformations with the conventional analysis of Forces used in statics, and will have become thoroughly familiar with it by the end of the course. The concept of plastic deformation is also introduced in Chap. 2, where itis applied to the analysis of members under axial loading, while problems involving the plastic deformation of circular shafts and of prismatic beams are considered in optional sections of Chaps. 3 and 4, respectively. On the other hand, while the concept of siress al point is introduced in Chap. 1, the discussion of the transformation of stresses is delayed until Chap. 7, afler siudents have discovered for themselves the need fur special techniques, such as Mohr's circle. In this edition, shear and bending-moment diagrams are introduced at the beginning of Chap. 5 and applicd immediately to the design of beams in that chapter and in the next, A brief description, chapter by chapter, of the topics included in the text will be found in the following pages. It is hoped that this material will help instructors organize their courses to best fit the needs of their students, The authors of Mechanics of Materials, #e, wish to thank Professor Dean P, Updike of the Department of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanies at Lehigh University for having written the problem solutions contained in this Manual. E, Russell Johnston, Jr, John T, DeWolfDESCRIPTION OF THE MATERIAL CONTAINED IN " MECHANICS OF MATERIALS Chapter 1 Introduction — Concept of Stress The main purpose of this chapter is to introduce the concept of stress. After @ short review of Statics in Sec, 1.2 emphasizing the use of free-body diagrams, Secs. 13 through 1.7 discuss normal stresses under an axial loading, shearing stresses — with applivations to pins and bolts in single and double shear ~ aud bearing stresses, Section 1.4 introduees the concepts of analysis and design, while Sec. 1.5 emphasizes the fact that stresses are inherently statically indeterminate and that, at this point, normal stresses under an axial Toading can only be assumed to be uniformly distributed. Moreover, such an assumption requires thet the axial loading be centri. Section 1.8 is devoted to the application of these concepts to the analysis of a simple structure, Section, 1.9 describes how students should approach the solution of a problem in mechanics of materials, and Sec. 1.10 discusses the numerical accuracy to be expected in such a solution, Problems included in the first lesson also serve as areview of the methods of analysis of teusses, Irames, and mechanisms learned in staties, Section 1.11 discusses the determination of normai and shearing stresses on oblique planes under an axial loading, while See. 1.12 introduces the components of stress under general loading conditions. This section emphasizes the fact that the components of the shearing stresses exerted on perpendicular planes, such as r,, and 2, , must be equal. It also introduces the students to the concept of transformation of stress. However, the study of the computational techniques associated with the transformation of stress al a point is delayed # edition until Chap. 7, afler students have discovered for themselves the need for such techniques. Section 1.13 is devoted to design considerations, Tt introduces the concepts of ultimate load, ultimate stress, and factor of safety. Tt also discusses the reasons for the use of factors of safety in engineering practice. The section ends with an optional presentation of an alternative method of design, Load and Resistance Factor Design. _ Chapter 2 vil Stress and Strain ~ Axial Loading This chapter is devoted to the analysis, and design of members under a centric axial loading, Sections 2.1 and 2.2 introduce the concept of normal strain, while Sec, 2.3 describes the general properties of the stress-sttain diagrams of ductile and brittle materials and defines the yield strength, ultimate strength, and breaking swength of a material. Seetion 2.4, which is optional, defines true stress and true straiv. Section 2.5 introduces Hooke's law, the modulus of elasticity, and the proportional limit of a material. It defines as isotropic those materials whose mechanical properties are independent of the direction considered and as anisotropic those whose mechanical properties depend upon that direction, Among the latter are fiher-reinforced composite materials, which are described in this section. Section 2.6 discusses the elastic and the plastic behavior of a material and defines its elastic limit, while Sec. 2.7 is devoted to fatigue and the behavior of materials under repeated loadings. The first lesson of Chap. 2 ends with Sec. 2.8, which shows how Hooke's law can be used to determine the deformation of a rod ofuniform or variable cross section under one or several loads, and introduces the concept of relative displacement. Secction 2.9 discusses stoticully indeterminate problems involving members under an axial load. As indicated in the preface of the text and in the introduction to this manual, the authors belicve it is important to intreduce the students at an carly stage to the concept of statical indeterminacy and to show ‘them how the analysis of deformations can be used in the solution of problems that cannot be solved by the methods of statics alone. It will also help them realize that stresses, being statically indeterminate, can be computed only by considering the corresponding distribution of strains. Section 2.10 discusses the thermal expansion of rods and shows how to determine stresses in statically indeterminate members subjected to temperature changes. Section 2.11 introduces the concept of Jateral strain for an isotropic material and defines Poisson's ratio. Section 2.12 discusses the mudtiaxial loading of a structural element and derives the generalized Hooke's law for such a foading. Since this derivation is based on the application of the principle of superposition, this principle is also introduced in See. 2.12, and. the conditions under which it can be used are clearly slated. Section 2.13 is optional. It discusses the change in volume of a material under a multiaxial loading and defines the dilatation and the bulk modulus or modulus of compression of a given material. Section 2.14 introduces the concept of shearing strain. It should be noted that the authors define the shearing strain as the change in the angle formed by the faces of the element ‘of material considered, and not as the angle through which one of these faces rotates. Hooke's law for shearing stress and strain and the modulus of rigidity are also introduced in this section, as well as the generalized Hooke’s Jerw fora homogencous, isotropic material under the most general stress conditions, Section 2.15 points out that strains, just as stresses, depend upon the orientation of the planes considered. It alse establishes the fact that the constants &, v, and G are not independent from each other and derives Eq, (2.43), which expresses the relation among these three constants. Section 2.16, which is oplional, extends the stress-strain relationships to fiber-reinforced composite materials. The relations obtained are expressed by Eas. (2.45) and (2.47) and involve three different values of the modulus of elasticity and six different values of Poisson's ratio, Scetion 2.17 discusses the distribution of the normal stresses under a centric axial loading and shows that this distribution depends upon the manner in which the loads are applied. However, except in the immediate vicinity of the points of application of the loads, the distribution of stresses can be assumed uniform. This result verifies Saint-Venant’s principle. Section 2.18 discusses siress concentrations near circular holes and fillets in flat bars under axial loading, Section 2.19 is devoted to the plastic deformation of members under centric axial loads and introduces the concept of an edastoplastic ‘material, As stated in the preface of the text, the authors believe that students should be exposed to the conecpt of plastic deformation in the first course in mechanics of materials, if only to ket them realize the limitations of the assumption of a linear stress-strain relation in engineering applications. By introducing this concept early in the course in connection with axial loading, rather than later with torsion or bending, one makes it easier for the students to understand and accept it, For the same reason, residual stresses are discussed in Sec. 2.20 in connection with axial loading. Towever, since some instructors may not want to include the coneept. of residual stresses in an elementary course, this section is optional and can be omittedwithout any prejudice to the understanding of the rest of the text. Chapter 3 Torsion Section 3.1 introduces this type of loading, while Sec. 3.2 establishes the relation that must be satisfied, on the basis of statics, by the shearing stresses in a given seetion of a shaft subjected to a torque. This condition, however, does not suffice to determine the stresses, and one must analyze the deformations which occurin the shaft. This is done in Sec. 3.3, where it is proved that the distribution of shearing strains in a circular shaft is linear. It should be noted that the discussion presented in Sec, 3.3 is based solcly con the assumption of rigid end plates, rather than onarbitrary and gratuitous assumptions regarding the deformations ofa shaft, The results obtained in this and the following sections clearly depend upon the vatidity of this assumption, but can be extended to other loading conditions through the application of Saint-Venant’s principle. Section 3.4 is devoted to the analysis of the shearing stresses in the elastic range and Presents the derivation of the elastic torsion formulas for circular shafts. The section ends ‘with remarks on the transformation of stresses in torsion and the comparison between the failures of ductile and brittle materiais in torsion. The formuta for the angle of peist of shall in the elastic range is derived in Sev. 3.5. This section also contains various applications involving the twisting of single and ‘gear-connected shafis. Section 3.6 deals with the solution of problems involving statically indeterminate shafts. Section 3.7 is devoted to the design of transmission shafts and begins with the determination of the torque requied to transmit a given power at a given speed, both in SI and US. customary units, Note that the effect of bending on the design of transmission shafts will be discussed in Sec. 8.3, which is optional Section 3.8 discusses stress concentrations at fillets in circular shafts. Sections 3.9 through 3.15 deal with the plastic deformations and residual stresses in circular shafts and are optional. Since a similar presentation of the plastic deformations and residual stresses of members in pure bending is given in Chap. 4, the instructor may decide (© include only one of these presentations in the course, Section 3.9 deseribes the general method for the determination of the torque corresponding to a given maximum shearing stress in a shaft made ofa material with a nonlinear stress-strain diagram, while Sevs, 3.10 and 3.11 deal, respectively, with the deformations and the residual stresses in shafts made of an dlastoplastic material. Sections 3.12 and 3.13 are also optional, They are devoted, respectively, to the torsion of solid members and thin-walled hollow shafis of noncircular section. Chapter 4 Pure Bending Section 4.1 defines this type of loading and shows how the results obtained in the following sections can be applied to the analysis of other types of loading as well, namely, eccentric axial Joadings and transverse loadings. Section 4.2 establishes the relation that must be satisfied, on the basis of statics, by the normal stresses in 2 given section of a member subjected to pure bending. This condition, however, does not suffice to determine the stresses, and ‘one must analyze the deformations that occur in the member. This is done in See. 4.3, where it is proved that the distribution of normal stresses in a symmetric member in pure bending is linear. It should be noted that no assumption is made in this discussion regarding the deformations of the member, except that the couples should beappliedin such a way that the ends of the member remain plane, Whether this can actually be accomplished is discussed at the end of See. 4.5, Section 4.4 is devoted to the analysis of the nonnal stresses in the clastic range and presents the derivation of the elastic flexure formulas. Wt also defines the clastic section modulus and ends with the derivation of the formula for the curvature of au clastic beam. Section 4.5 discusses the anticlastic curvature of members in pure bending and also states the Toading conditions required for the ends of the Section 4.6 discusses the determination of stresses in members made of several materials and defines the zransformed section of such members, It also. shows how the transformed section can be used to determine the radius of curvature of the member. The section ends with a discussion of the stresses in reinforced-concrete beams. Scetivn 4.7 deals with the stress concentrations at fillets and grooves in flat bars Under pure bending. Sections 4.8 through 4.11 are optional. They discuss the plastic deformations and residual stresses in members subjected to pure bending in much the same way that these were discussed in Sees. 3.9 through 3.11 in the case of members in torsion, Section 4.8 describes the general method for the determination of the bending moment corresponding to a given ‘maximum normal stress in a member possessing two planes of symmetry and made of a material with a nonlinear stress-strain diagram, Section 4.9 deals with members made of an elastoplastic material and derives formulas relating the thickness of the elastic core and the radius of curvature with the applied bending moment in the case of members with a rectangular cross section. It also defines the shape factor and the plastic section modulus of members with a hgnrectangular section. Section 4.10 deals with the determination of the plastic moment of members made of an elastoplastic material und possessing a single plane of symmetry, while See. 4.11 discusses residual stresses. Section 4.12 shows how the stresses duc toa two-dimensional eccentric axtal ioading can bbe obtained by reptacing the given eccentric load by a contric load and a couple, end superposing, the corresponding stresses. Attentivn is called to the fact that the neutral axis does not pass through the centroid of the section, Section 4.13 deals with the unsymmerric bending of elastic members, It is first shown that the neutral axis of a cross section will coincide with the axis of the bending couple if, and only if, the axis of the couple is directed along one of the principal centroidal axes of the cross section, it is then shown that stresses due (© unsymmetrie. bending can always be determined by resolving the given bending couple into two component couples directed along the principal axcs of the section and superposing the corresponding stresses. ‘This method of analysis is extended in Sec. 4.14 to the determination of the stresses due to an eccentric axial loading in three- dimensional space. The eccentric load is replaced by an equivalent system consisting ofa centric load and two bending couples, and the corresponding stresses are superposed. Section 4.15 is optional; it deals with the bending of curved members, Chapter § Analysis and Design of Beams for Bending InSec, 5.1 beams are defined as slender prismatic members subjected to transverse loads and are olassified according to the way in which they are supported. It is shown that the internat forces in any given cross section are equivalent toa shear force ¥ anda bending couple M. Thebending couple M_ creates normal siresses in the section, while the shear foree V creates shearing stresses, The former is determined in this chapter, using the Nexure formula (5.2), while the later will be discussed in Chap. 6 Since the dominant criterion in the design of beams for strength is usually the bending stresses in the beam, the determination of the maximum value of the bending moment in the beam is the most important factor to be considered. To facilitate the determination of the bending moment in any given section of the beam, shea and bending-moment diagrams will be drawn, using free-body diagrams of various portions of the beam (Sec. 5.2). An alternative method, based on relations among load, shear, and bending moment, is presented in Sec. 5.3. To maintain the interest of the students, most of the problems to be assigned are focused on the engineering, applications of these methods and cal for the determination, not only of the shear and bending moment, but also of the normat stresses in the beam. Section 5.4 is devoted to the design of prismatic beams based on the allowable normal stress for the material used. Sample Problems and problems to be assigned include wooden beams of rectangular cross section, as well as rolled-steel W and $ beams, An optional paragraph on page 334 eseribes the application of Load and Resistance Factor Design to beams under transverse loading, Section 5.5 introduces the concept of singularity functions and shows how these functions can provide an alternative and elleetive method for the determination of the shear and bending moment at any point ofa beam under the most general loading condition. While this section is optional, it should bs included in the lesson schedule if singolarity functions are to be used later for the determination of the slope and defleetion of a beam (Sec. 9.6). It is pointed out on page 348 that singularity functions are particularly welk suited to the use of computers, and several optional problems requiring the use ofa computer (Probs, 5.129 through 5.136) have been included in this assignment Section 5.6, which is optional, is devoted to nonprismatic beams, such as forged or cast beams designed to be of constant strength, and rolled-steel beams reinforced with cover plates. Chapter 6 ‘Stresses in Reams and ‘Due to Shear ‘Walled Members Itis shown in See. 6.1 that a transverse load creates shearing stresses as well as normal stresses in a beam, Considering first the horizontal face of a beam element, itis shown in Sec, 6.2 thet the horizontal shear per unit length 4, ot shear flow, is equal to VO/I. This result is applied in Example 6.01 tothe determination of the shear force in the nails connecting three planks forming a wooden beam, as well as in Probs. 6. through 6.8. In Sec, 6.3 the average shearing stress Tne exerled on the horizontal face of the beam clement is obtained by dividing the shear flow q by the width f of the beam: 2 =F 6.6) Note that since the shearing stresses ty and tyr exerted at a given point are equal, the expression obtained also represents the average shearing stress exerted at a given height on a vertical section of the beam. This formula is used to determine shearing stresses in a beam ‘made of glued planks in Sample Prob, 6.1 and to design @ timber beam in Sample Prob. 6.2. Problems 6.11 through 6.14 and 6.21 through 6.24 call for the determination of shearing stresses in various types of beams,Tn Examples 6.02 and 6.03 the designs obtained on the basis of normal stresses, respectively, for a timber beam in Sample Prob. 5.7 and for a rolledestee! beam in Sample Prob. 5.8 are checked and found to be acceptable from the point of view of shearing stresses. Problems 6.15 through 6.18 call for a similar verification of beam designs obtained in Chap. 5 Section 6.5 is optional and discusses the distribution of stiesses in a nacrow rectangular beam, In Seo. 6.6 the expressiong = ¥O7 obtained on Sec. 6.2 for the shear flow on the horizontal face ofa beam element is shown to remain valid for the curved surface of a beam element of arbitrary shape. It is then applied in Example 6.04 and in Probs. 6.29 through 6.33 to the determination of the sharing forces and shearing stresses in nailed and ghucd vertical surfaces, Section 6.7 deals with the determination of shearing stresses in thin-walled members and shows that Eq. (6.6) can be applied to the delermination of the average shearing stress in a seotion of arbitrary orientation, Section 6.8, which is optional, describes the formation of plastic zones in beams subjected to transverse loads, Section 6.9, which is also optional, deals With the uxsyrmetric loading of thin-walled ‘members, the determination of the shear center, and the computation of the shearing stresses caused by a shearing force exerted at the shear center. Chapter 7 ‘Transformations of Stress and Strain After a short introduction (Sev. 7.1), formulas for the transformation of plane stress under a rotation of axes are derived in Sec. 7.2, xi white the prineipal planes of stress, principal stresses, and maximum shearing stress are determined in Seo, 7.3 Scetion 7.4 is devoted to the use of ‘Molv’s circle, Tt should be noted that the convention used in the text provides for a rotation on Mohr's circle in the sume sense as the corresponding rotation of the element; in other words, this convention is the same as that used in statics for the transformation of moments and products of inertia, Attention is called to the statement at the top of page 439 of the text and the accompanying Fig. 7.20. Section 7.5 discusses the general (three- dimensional) state of stress and establishes the fact that three principal axes of stress and three principal stresses exist. Section 7.6 shows how three different Molu’s circles can be used to Tepresent the transformations of stress associated with rotations of the element about the principal axes, The results obtained are used to show that in a state of plane stress, the maximum shearing stress docs not necessarily ‘occur in the piane of stress, Sections 7.7 and 7.8 are optional Section 7.7 presents the two criteria most commonly used to predict whether a ductite material will yield under a given state of plane stress, while Sec.7.8 discusses the two criteria used to predict the fracture of brittle materials. Section 7.9 deals with stresses in thin-walled pressure vessels; itis limited to the analysts of cylindrical and spherical pressure vessels The second part of the chapter (Secs. 7.10 through 7.13) deals with transformations of vrain and is optional. Section 7.10 presents the dcrivation of the formulas for the transformation of strain under a rotation of axes. It should be noted that this derivation is based on the consideration ofan oblique triangle (Fig. 7.62) and the use of the law of cosines, and that the determination of the shearing strain is facilitated by the use of Eq. (7.43), which relates it to the normal strain along the coordinate axes and theit bisector. Section 7.11 introduces Mohr's circle for plane strain, and Sec. 7.12 discusses the three- dimensional analysis of steain and its apptication to the determination of the maximum shearing strain in states of plane strain and of plane stress. Section 7.13 deals with the use of strain rosettes for the determination of states of plane strain. Chapter 8 Principal Stresses under a Given Loading This chapter is devoted to the determination of the principal stresses anc maximum shearing stress in beams, transmission shafts subjected to transverse loads as well as to torques, and bodies of arbitrary shape under combined loadings. In See. 8.1 it is shown that, while only normal stresses occur on a square element with horizontal and vertical faces located at the surface of a beam, shearing siresses will ocowr if the element is rotated through 45 ° (Fig. 8.1). ‘The reverse situation is observed for an element with horizontal and vertical faces subjected only to shearing stresses (Fig, 8.2). The analysis of beams, therefore, should include the determination of the principal stresses and maximum sheating stress at various points, This is done in Sec. 8.3 for cantilever beams of various rectangular sections subjected toa single concentrated load at their froc ond. It is found that the principal stress gna does not exceed the maximum normal stress oy determined by the method of Chap. 5 except very close to the load, While this result holds for mast beams of nonreetangular section, it may not be valid {or rolled-stecl! W and S beams, and the analysis and design of such beams should include the determination of the principal sttess gina. af the junction of the web with the flanges of the beam. (See Sample Prods, 8.1 and 8.2, and Pros. 8.1 through 8.14). Section 8,3 is devoted to the analysis and design of transmission shafts using gears or sprocket wheels to transmit power to and trom the shaft. These shafis are subjected to transverse Joads as well as to torques. The design of such shafts is the subject of Sample Prob. 8.3 and Probs. 8.15 through 8.30. “The determination of the stresses ata giver, point K ofa body due toa combined loading is the subject of See.8.4. First, the loading is reduced to an equivalent system of forces and couples in a section of the body containing X. Next, the normal and shearing stresses are determined at X. Finally, using one of the methods of transformation of stresses presented in Chap. 7, the principal planes, principal stresses, and maximum: shearing stress may be determined at K. This procedure is iflustrated in Example 8.01 and Sample Probs. 84and 8.5. Chapter 9 Deflection of Beams ‘The relation derived in Chap. 4 between the curvature of a beam and the bending moment is recalled in Sec. 9,2 and used to predict the variation of the curvature along the beam. In Sec. 9.3, the equation of the elastic eurve for a beam is obtained through two successive integrations, afler the bending moment has been expressed as a function of the coordinate x. Examples 9.01 and 9.02 show how the boundary conditions can be wsed to determine the two constants of integration in the cases of a cantilever beam and of a simply supported beam. Example 9.03 indicates how to proceed when the bending moment must be represonted by two different functions of x,Section 9.4 is optional; il shows in the case ofa beam supporting a distributed load, how the equation of the elastic curve ean be obtained directly fiom the function representing the load distribution through the use of four successive integrations. Section 9.5 is devoted to the analysis of statically indeterminate beams and to the determination of the reactions at theit supports. tis suggested that a minimum of two lessons be spent on Secs. 9.2 through 9.5 if neither the use of singularity functions (Sec. 9.6) nor the moment-area method (Secs. 9.9 through 9.14) are to be covered in the course. Section 9.6 is devoted to the use of singularity functions for the determination of beam deflections and slopes. It is optional and assumes that Sec. 5.5 has boen covered previously. Itis recommended that both Sees. 5.5 and 9.6 be included in the course, since singularity functions provide the snudents with an elective nd versatile method for the determination of deflections and slopes under the most diverse loading conditions. In addition, and as indicated earlier, singularity functions are well snited to the usc of computers, Two problems requiing the use of computers (Probs. 9.49 and 9.50) may be included in this assignment, Scction 9.7. discusses the method of superposition for the determination of beam deflections and slopes. It shows how the expressions given in Appendix D for various simple loadings can be used to obtain the deflection and slope ‘of a beam supporting 2 more complex loading, In Sec. 9.8, the method of superposition is applied to the determination of the reactions at the supports Ol statically indeterminate beams Sections 9.9 through 9.14 are optional. They deal with the application of the moment area methods 10 the determination of the deflection of beams and may be omitted in xiv courses that place a greater emphasis on analytical methods and make use of singularity functions. tt should be noted, however, that these methods provide a very practical means tor the determination of the deflection and slope of beams of variable cross section, The two momentarea theorems are detived in Sec. 9.9 and are immediately applied in Sec. 9.10 to the computation of the slope and deflection of cantilever beams and beams with symmetric ioadings (simply supported or overhanging beams). Section 9.1! shows how to draw a bending-moment cagram by parts. This approach greatly facilitates the determination of ‘moment areas in all but the simplest loading situations. Scetion 9.12 deals with simply supported and overhanging beams with unsymmetric loadings. The analysis of such beams hinges on the use of a reference tangent drawn through one of the supports after the tangential deviation of the second support has heen computed from the bending-moment diagram, Section 9.13 describes how to locate the point of maximum deflection and how to compute that deflection. Section 9.14 deals with the analysis of statically indeterminate beams andthe determination of the reactions et their supports, Chapter 10 Columns Section 10.2 introduces the concept of stability of a structure, The example considered in this section consists of a block supported by ‘two spring-connected rigid rods, It is shown that the position of equilibrium in which both rods are aligned is stable if this position is the only possibie position of equilibrium of the system. The same criterion is applied to an elastic in-ended column in See. 10.3 in order to derive Euler's formula, Section 19.4 shows how Euler'sformula for pin-ended columns can be used to determine the critical load of columns with other end conditions. Section 10.5 is optional; it deals with the eocentrie loading of a column and gives the derivation of the secant formula, Section 10.6 discusses the design of columns under a centric load and presents the empirical formulas developed by various ‘engineering associations for the design of steel columns, aluminum columns, and wood columns. Page 643 is devoted to an optional discussion of the application of Load and Resistance Factor Design to steel columns. Section 10.7 discusses the design of cohanns under an eccentric foad and presents two of the most frequently used methods: the allowable-siress method and the interaction method. Chapter 11 Energy Methods Section 11.2 introduees the concept of strain energy by considering the work required to stretch a rod of uniform cross section, This work, which is cqual to the area under the load-deformation curve, represents the strain cnergy of the rod. The strain-energy density is defined in See. 11.3, as well as the modulus of toughness and the modulus of resilience of a given material. The formula for the elastic strain energy associated with normal stresscs is derived in Sec. 11.4, as well as the expressions for the strain energy corresponding to an axial loading and to pure bending. ‘The formula for the strain energy assoviated with shearing stresses is derived in Sec. 11.5, as well as the expressions corresponding to torsion and transverse loading, Section 11.6, which is optional, covers the strain energy fora general state of stress and derives an expression for the distortion energy per init volume, both in the gencral case of three-dimensional stress and in the particular case of plane stress. Section 11.7 discusses impact loadings and Sec. 118 the design of @ structure for an impact load. To facilitate the solution of impact- loading problems, it is shown in See. 11.9 that the strain energy of a structure subjected to a single concentrated load P can be obtained by equating the strain energy to the work of P. (Appendix D is used to express the deflection in terms of P). As shown in Sec, 11.10, the reverse procedure can be used to determine the deflection of a structure at the point of application of a single load P ora single couple M; the strain energy of the structure is computed from one of the formulas derived in Secs. 11.4 and 11.5, and the work of P or M is equated to the expression obtained for the strain energy. Sections 11.11 through IL14 are optigfal. In Sec. L111 an expression for the strain energy of a structure subjected ta several oaads is obtained by computing the work of the loads as they are successively applied. Reversing the order in which the loads are applied, one proves Maxwell's reciprocal theorem, The expression obtained for the strain energy of the structure is used in Sec. 11.12 t0 prove Casiigliano's theorem. Section 11.13 is devoted to the application of Castigliano's theorem to the determination of the deflection and slope of a beam and to the deflection of a point in a truss. Finally, Sec. 11.14 deals with the application of Castigliano’s theorem to the determination of the reactions at the supports of statically indeterminate structures such as beams and trusses.TABLE 1: LIST OF TOPICS COVERED IN MECHANICS OF MATERIALS, 4 edition Suggested Number of Periods Core Additional Advanced Sections Topics Topics Topics Topics Chapter {: Tutroduction — Concept of Stress LL-10 Stress Under Axial Loading 1.2 1.11-13 Coinponents of Stress: Factor of Safety i Chapter 2: Stress and Strain ~ Axial Loading 22-8 Stress-Sirain Diagrams; Deformations Under 162 Axial Loading 2.9.10 Statically Indeterminate Problems 1 21-12 son's Ratio; Generalized Hooke's Law 1 92413 latetion; Bulk Modulus 0.25 -0.5 214-15 Sheating Strain 05 "2.16 Stress-Steuin Relationships for Fiber-Reinforced 05-1 Composite Materials 2.17-19 Stress Concentrations; Plastic Deformations 05-1 92.20 Residual Stresses as Chapter 3: Torsion 21-4” Stresses in Blastic Range 1 35-6 Angie of Twist; Staticslly Indeterminate Shafts 1-2 3.7-8 Design of Trasmission Shafis; Stress 1 Concentrations “3.9-11 Plastic Deformations; Residual Stresses 1-2 *3.12-13 Noneircular Members; This-Walled Hollow Shafts 1-2 Chapter 4: Pure Bending ALS Stresses in Elastic Range 1-2 4.6-7 Members Made of Several Materials; Stress 1-2 Concentrations *4,8-11 Plastic Deformations; Residual Stresses. 1-2 412 Focentric Axial Loading 1.2 413-14 Unsymmetric Bending; General Becentric 1-2 Axial Loading. 415 Bending of Curved Members 1-2 Chapter 5: Analysis and Design of Beams for Rending $.1-2 Shear and Bending-Moment Diagrams. $3 Using Relations among w, ¥, and Mf 5.4 Design of Prismatic Beams in Bending, “3. Use of Singularity Funetions to Deterinine Vand Mf 1-2 *5.6 — Nonprismatic Beams 1-2 Chapter 6: Shearing Stresses in Beams and ‘Thin-Walled Members 61-4 Shearing Stresses in Beams *6.5 Shearing Stresses in Narrow Rectangular Beara 025 66-7 Shearing Stresses in Thin-Walled Members 122 *6.8 Plastic Deformations 0.25 °6.9 —_Unsymmetzic Loading; Shear Center 1-2 xviTABLE I LIST OF TOPICS COVERED IN MECHANICS OF MATERIALS, 4" edition (CONTINUED) Suggested Number of Periods Core Additional Advanced Sections Topies Topies Topics Topics Chapter 7: Transformation of Stress and Strain 71-3 Transformation of Plane Stress 1-2 7.4 Mohr's Circle for Plane Stress 75-6 Three-Dimensional Analysis of Stress "77-8 — Yield and Fracture Criteria 05-1 19 Thin-Walled Pressure Vessels 7710-12 Analysis of Strain; Moae's Cirele 1-15 4713 Strath Rosette os Chapter 8: Principal Stresses under a Given Loading *8.1-2 Principal Stresses in a Beam. os-t “8.3 Design of Transmission Shafts 05-1 +84 Stresses under Combined Loadings 1-3 Chapter 9: Deflection of Beams 9.13 Equation of Elastic Curve 05-1 9.4 Direct Determination of Elastic Curve from 0s ‘Load Distribution 9.5 Statically Indeterminate Beams 05-1 *9.6 Use of Singularity Functions 1-2 97-8 Method of Superposition 1-2 Application of Moment-Avea Theorems to: *9.9-11 Cantilever Beams and Beams with 1-2 Symmetric Loadings *9.12-13 Beams with Unsymmetric Loadings; Maximum 1-18 Deflection *9.14 —Statically Indeterminate Beans Os Chapter 10: Columns 10.1-4 Euler's Column Formula 1-2 +105 Eccentrie Loading; Secant Formula 1 10.6 Design of Columns under 3 Centric Load 1-2 10.7 Design of Columns under an Eccentric Load 1-2 Chapter 11: Energy Methods TLS” Strain Energy 1-2 “116 Strain Energy for General State of Stress 05 17-9 Impact Loading: O51 1110. Dellections by Work-Fnergy Method 05-1 “1111-13. Castigliano’s Theorem 1-2 Y1114 — Staticafly Indeterminate Structures 1-2 Total Number of Periods 24-41% 21-38% 3-6Probiein Number™ US. Units CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION . CONCEPT OF STRESS SLUsits TABLE Il: CLASSIFICATION AND DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS Mechanics of Magertals ° Edition Problem description Noval stress under axial leading L Lae inbers le Ms 18,10 in pin-comnected structures 4 Wise in teusses and mechanisms 1:15.18 11607 Shearing siress 4.19.20 121,22 Fearing stress between flat surfaces, 12825 1.2428 Shearing and beaving stresses at pin-connected joints 1.2627 129,30 lay Stresses on an oblique plane 133,34 13836 Factor of safety: 13700 1.3839 in tension LaLa 143,44 145.46 in shear 1448 153,54 149,50 {in srrucres involving links and pins 155,56 151,52 “158 “137 Load and Resistance Facior Desiga 159,61 190,62 Review problems 184,66 163,65 167.68 169,70 1C2,C4C6 C103, 5 Coniputer problems CHAPTER 2: STRESS AND STRAIN - AXIAL LOADING Stresses and deformations in statically determinate structures: 224 213 siinple rods and wires 2.68 237 2.9.10 21214 snltiple-criterie problems 2015 215,16 2.19.20 composite rods and merabers 2U7I8 223,24 221,22 ‘menibers of trusses end simple frames 2.25.26 229 computation of deformations by integration 231 aru strain * Probleras that do not involve any spovific system of units have been Indicated Ry underlining their number. ‘Answers are not given to problems with a number set i italic type. xviiTABLE Il; CLASSIFICATION AND DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS (CONTINUED) Mechanics of Materiats #* Editon Proslem Naraber* S1Uits US, Linits Problern deserigtion Statically indeterminate struetures (constant kemperatur2) 23304 swith members underyeing equal deformations ‘componite rods swith both ends restrained ‘with members undergoing unequal detormations Statically indeterminate structures (with temperature changes) 247,50 woth memiers undergoing equal deformations 25152 composite rods with both ends restrained 25657 rods with geps ‘with unequal deformations Poisson's ratio and generalized Hooke’s Law: 2.61.62 vwniaxial Loading 2.64.56 2.67.68 biaxial loading 2772 derivation of formulas 275,76 27178 looke's law for shearing stress and strain 279.80 28LA2 : 92.83.85 72.84.86 dilatation 92.87,+88 Problems involving cylindrical coordinates #2.83,186 72.84,185, Dilatation 92.89.9909 "Theory problems *2.91,92 Problems involving composites 2.93.94 2.95.96 Stress concentrations i flat bars 2.99,100 297,98 2.103.104 2.10% 102 2.105, 106 2.407.105 2,109,110 more complex problems 22 2u4asiis 2113 problems involving temperature change 2.116117 problems involving a structure F2.118120 2.119 ‘problems involving residual stresses 82120121 “215,116 2.124128 2.125,126 Review problems 2.131132 2.127,129 2133.35 2130134 2CLCC6 —-2.02,04,05 ‘Computer problems ¥ Problems that do not involve any specific system of unite have been indicated by underlining their number. Answers are not given to problems with a munber set in italic type. xTABLE Il; CLASSIFICATION AND DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS (CONTINUED) Mochanies of Materials # Edition Problem Number S1Onits US. Units Problem description CHAPTER 3: ‘LORSION Shearing stresses: 334 32 in simple shafis 3.56 378 32 3.910) dn Shatts subjected to several torques Biss BASS 3.19.20 in composite shatts S178 3.2822 3.23.24 in gear-connested shafts 3.25.26 3.27.28 3.29 3.30 speciat problems Angle of twist: 33134 an simple shatts 3.35.36 in shafts subjected to several torques 337 {in composite shais 339,40 in pear-connected shatts 3.46 Design of shafts based on allowable stress andl allowable angle of twist 349 Stalically indeterminate shafts: 3.5435 swith inner core and outer shell of different materials 3.5657 5.62.63 Specinl peoblems Design of shatts: 3.65,68 5.64.67 e0sy problems with solid shafts 3.69.71 3.68.70 hollow shafts 3B 3.74.75 including angle of twist 3.7677 .gear-connected shafts 318,79 3.80.81 anultiple-eritea problems 3.82.83 3.86.87 3.84.85, Stress concentrations in stepped shafts 3.90 385,89 * Problems that de not involve any specifie ayatom of units have been indicated by underlining their nuraber. Answers are not given to problems with ¢ number set in italic type.TABLE II: CLASSIFICATION AND DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS (CONTINUED) Mechanics of Materials # Edition Problem Namber* AUnits US. Units Problem deseription Plastic deforinations of shafts Shafts made of clastoplastie material: 3.92,03 391.04 stresses in solid shafts 3.95 3.96.97 3.99,100 angle of iit for solid shafts 3.98, 301,102 3.203.104 hollow and tapered shafts 3.105 derivation 3.106107 3.108,109 ‘Shatts made of a matesiat with a noulinear stress-stain diagram BioMé = 3112 Residual stresses and permanent angle of hit in shafts macle ofan BUSS 336 ‘lastoplasticrnaterial 3.7 Bars with rettangular cross section: 3.119120 3,121,122 easy problems 323126 3,125,126 3.129 3.122128 comparing circular and zectengular shafts 381192 30 3F application to steuctaral shapes Thin-walled hollow shatts 3035137 3,134.36 determine sheating stresses BRIA 3.129,140) 3.142 ad Bude 21S Special problems 3.468150 3.146.147 Review problems 3751152 3.149.153 3156157 3.154,155, BCLC2C3 —-3.04.05,C6 Computer problems Problems that do not hivolve any specific system of uns have been indicated by underlining thelr number, Answers are not given fo prablems with a number set in talc type. xxiTARLE Il: CLASSIFICATION AND DESCRIPTION OF PRORLEMS (CONTINUED) Mechanics of Mauerials 4" Kaition Problem Namber™ s1Unis US. Unity Problem description CHAPTER 4: PURE LENDING Nomnal stresses 434 42 in heams with horizontal plane of symmetry 436 49,10 428 42 unsymmetrical bears (first locate centroid) QINA2 43.14 Resultant force on portion of cross section 415.16 annua Beans with different allowable stresses in (cnsion and compression 4.19.20 422,36 421,23 Maximum stress and radius of curvature 42425 420 428 ‘Maximization of beam strength 431 429,30 Aniielasic curvature 432 Special problem on theory Steesses in composite beams 43334 43738 symmetric beams of two materials 4.35336 439.40 4412 ‘unsyimetric beams af two materials 443,44 445,46 Radius of eurvature ia composite beams 44748 4.49.50 Stresses in rcinforced concrete beams 451 452,54 483 in beams with balanced desiyn 435,56 Beams of three materials 457,88 Composite beams with circular cross szetion 459 "4.60 [Bears with different moduli of elasticity in tension and compression 4.63.64 461,62 Siress concentrations ia flat bars in pure bending 465,66 Plastic detonation in pure bending (elastoplastie material) 469,00 467,68 plastic zone in rectangular bearss 47 including radius of curvatuse 473,74 4.75.76 plastic zone and radius of curvature for symmetric beams 472,78 4.79380 plastic moment and shape aclor of symmetric bears 43782 493,84 486 485 plastic moment of thick-walled pipe ‘Residual streses in symmetric beams: 437,88 4.89.90 after M4, has been applied and removed 491.93 4.92.94 after a given plastic zone has been developed Special probes: 495 residual radius of curvezure 4.96 49798 Plastic deformation of beanis with a nonlinear stressstrain diagram * Problems that do not involve any specific system Of units have been indicated by underlining their number Answers are not given to problems with a number set in italic type. wai: CLASSIFICATION AND DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS (CONTINUED) Mechanics of Materials 4" Edition TABLE Problem Number™ SE Units US. Units Problem description Eccentric londing in plane of syinmetry of member 4162103 4,100,104 find stress in symmetric section 304 4,105,107 design of synumetrie section 408 ANB | 4E22115 find stess in unsyrmettic section 4078 4.116,119 412122. 4,120,123 ‘computation of loads from strain measurements 41281 Unsyenmetric bending with one or fo planes of symmetry: 4127181 4,126,728 bending moment at an angle with horizontal 4.123,50 4132134 4.133.136 section at an angle with horizontal 4.138 "4.137 138 ending of unsymmeiric section (prinejpal axes must be determined} General eccentric bending: aldol) 4142,143 symmetric beam; find stresses 4.145 145 symmettic beam; find allowable Joad or dimension 4146147 4,148,249 Bending of unsymmetric beams; determine largest bending mement asi 4150 4JS2N3i A SELSS Special problems and problems on theory Curved beams: ‘with rectangular cross section 4156157 4,158,159 in pure hendling 4.160,864 4,161,162 under eccentric loading 4168 4165166 4.167.168, with unsymmetric crass section 4171172 4.169.170 ‘with circular cross section 4I7S176 | SITRIT with topezoidal crass scetion IFRS with triangutar crass section SASUI8L 4.182.183 special problems and derivations of formulas '* Problems thar do not involve any specific system of units have been indicated by underlining dheir number, ‘Answers ace not given to problems with « number set in italic type, xiiTARLE II: CLASSIFICATION AND DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS (CONTINUED) Mechanics of Meteriats 4° Etsion Problem Number St Units US. Cnits Problem description 4,136,188 4.184785 Review problems 419.792 s17 190 4.194, 193 4191192 ACICE 4.0204 Computer profslems ACSC? 406 CHAPTER 5: ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF BEAMS FOR BENDING Using the free-body diagram af'« portion of a beam: ad draw V cant M diagrams (easy problems) 52,10 raw F and M diagcams and determine maximum values of | fand jaf] suai 515,17 find maximum normal sires in given beam seetion $2125 ddeaw ¥ and M Giagrams end find maximum aosusal stress in bean, 5.2831 determine given parameter to minimize notmal steess in Beart 533 Using relations among, Vand M/ whenever appropriate: 53435 5.3632 ase V and Af diagrams (easy problems) S339 S404 saree draw and AY diagrams acd determine maximura values of} Land JM] $4445, SaTa9 5.46.48 find maxirmim normal ses in w given beam section 5.80,51 59253 ‘write equations Zor F and Mf and find maximam value of |S 3.54,55, 5.56.57, draw / and M diagrams and find maximum normal stress in beam 5,60,61 5.58,59 "56560 15.64 Special problems * Probtems that do not involve any specific system of units have been indicated by underlining Mele Humber, Answers are not given to problems with a number set in italic type. xxivTABLE Il: CLASSIFICATION AND DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS (CONTINUED) Mechanics uf Materials $ Edition Problem Number* Si Units US. Units Problem description 5.65,08 Design of tinbor beams 5.70 573,78 Desiga of steel bears, W shapes 51876 377 Design of steel beams, § shapes 579,80 5.81, Design of steel beams, miseellanceus shapes 584 5.83 Design of beams resting on ground 58788 585,86 Find allowable ‘ond for beam of tnsyrametnic cross section with allowable stresses it tension and compression 590,98 5.89 Design of beaun systerns 5.92.93 $5.05997 45.08,495 Design of beams using LRED sing singularity functions write equations for Fix) and M(x) and 598,09 5,100,101 find Mat given point in beam Siezi02 — §.108,105 S107,109 5,106,108 ‘ind [Mf poe in bear, SHGHT find dye in beam, S219 find [A lag Ad aay is Beams S617 S145 design beam, knowing allowable stress Using a computer and step fanetions SANGLI 5.420221 calaulate V and. Af along the beam 122123 312K I25 calculate V and M along the Beara , and deteimine dau it the beam Nonunitoom beams ‘Beams of constant strength: 5.128129 5,126,127 beams of uniferen width and variable dept 5.730 131 SSIS} 5.134135 built-up timber beams 5.136 5.7 beams of circular eross section 138 539 beams of uniform depth and variable width 5,140,141 5.142.143 Rolled-stec! beams with cover plates S14 i43 | 5.246,147 Sud8/49 5.150.151 ‘Tapered beams 5152155 5.15353 Review problenis 5.157.259 5,156,158 5.161 5.160.162 5.163 5.01.02 2003.4 Computer problems 5.06 SCs * Problems that do nat Involve any specific system of units have been indicated by undedining her number, Answers re not given to problems with a number set in itaic type. wvTABLE II; CLASSIFICATION AND DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS (CONTINUED) Mechanits of Materials #* Eabstan Problem Number™ SU Gnits U.S. Units Proialer description HAPTER 6: SHEARING S1RIESSES IN BEAMS AND THIN-WALLED MEMBERS 634 61a ‘Shearing forecs in nails and hols, using horizon cuts 656 678 60 6912 Shearing stresses un beams 6B 6.16.16 ‘Checking cartier designs of hears for shearing stresses 6.19,20 6.21.23 ‘Beams with unsymmettic sections 5.25.26 Reams with various geometric sections 6.2931 Shearing forces and shearing stresses on arbitrary cuts due to vertical shear 635.34 635,36 Shearing stressos in extruded beams 639,40 6.45.46 6.43.44 ‘Shearing stresses in bolts 6.48.49 647,50 ‘Shearing stresses and sbea: flow in thin-walled members 652,53 55 Special problems 655,56 6.8759 Shearing stresses in composite beams 538 6.60 Plastic behavior $61.62 Shear center in thin-walled bears with hovizootal and vertical poriions: 6.67.68 Shear eenter ard shearing stresses in extruded beams 670,71 669,12 Shear center in thin-walled beacas with obtique portions 6.73.74 Shear center in thin-walled beans with ciceular portions 6.7778 Problems involving location of shear center 6.29 ‘Special problems ‘Shearing sirestes in semicircular shapes, angle shapes and Z shapes 68991 6.99,92 Review problems 694,95 6.93.96 6.97100 6.98.99 6.1 6.2 ‘Computer prableras 6.304 6.05.06, Problems that do not involve any specific system of units have been indicated by undlehining their number, Answers are not given to problems with a number Set in italic type, wot‘TABLE II: CLASSIFICATION AND DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS (CONTINUED) Mechanics of Materials 4° Edition Problem Nuber* s1Units U.S. Units Problem description CHAPTER NSFORMATION OF STRESS AND STRAIN na Find stresses on oblique plane fiom equilibrium of wedge 128 Fie principal planes and stresses Pada? Find planes of maximum shearing stress and corresponding stresses TBs Find stresses on 2 given plane 7.17.20 Stresses on oblique planes - simple applications 72022 7.25.26 Find principal stresses and/or maximum shearing stress in loaded shaft 7.28.30 Special prablems involving determination ofa stress to satist¥ a given. reguitement Using Motu’s circle, determine: 7.3132 733,34 ‘principal planes and stresses, and maxinmum shearing suress 735.36 73738 73942 7.40.41 stresses cn oblique plane - simple applications 74344 74738 7.45.46 principal stresses anxiac maximum shearing stress in foaded shat 750,53 74951 solve spccia! profblems involving determination ofa stress to satisfy & given requirement 138,37 five principal planes and stresses results from superposition of two . 758,59 states of stress 7.60,61 763 find range of values of a parameter for which e certain sess will not be 262 Loe 265 Derivation of a formula involving Moir's circle 7.66,67 In-plane end ow-of plane maxim shearing stress 7.68.69 77071 Manitnum shcaring stress in a three dimensional state of stess 772,73 1A I6 79807 ‘Maninstim shearing stress (more advanced problems) 17879 7.80 783,84 781,82 Determine whether material will yield under given state of stress, Ifno yield occurs find the factor of satety 787,88 785,86 Find load for which yield will oceur 7.89,90 791,92 Will rapture occur under a given stale of stress? 793,95 79497 Find stress or load for which rupture will occur 1.96 = Problems that do not mvaive any speciite system oF unlls have hoe indiouled by underlining thelr number ‘Answers are ot given to problems with 2 number set in italic type. woviiTABLE I CLASSIFICATION AND DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS (CONTINUED) Mechanics of Materials $ Edition Problem Number™ SIUnits US. Ueits Problem desertion 798,99 7,200,101 Spiterical pressure vessels (easy problems) 7.102403 7105107 7.104.106 Clindrieal pressure vessels (easy problems) 748,109 NOI THRE Suess in weld i uylindral pressure vessels Fabs? THI L153 TASS 7,120,121 Pressure vessels subjected o external Inadings 7.122,123 7124 125 Shounk fit cings Find state of stain associated with given re 7.126127 748.28 using formulas of Sex. 7.10 FI 7.132,133 using Mahr's circle FFiad principal strains and maximum shearing stain (in plane and ‘out of plane): 213435 7.136.137 fora slate of plane stress 2iyae 140,14 fora state of plane strain 74a24d 7.163.145 Problems involving strain rosettes Lise zur 7148 7149 Problems involving use of Moty’s circle and Hooke’s law 7152193 7.150252 Applications of the use of stexin vosettes 7.154155 7,158,167 7.156,157 Review problems 7.164.163 7.158.160 7166 7.162163 2.167 2CLe2 1.03,C4 Compurer problems 7.05,06 TIER CHAPTER 8: PRIN STRESSES UNI LOADING CONDITIONS Principal stresses in rolledestee! Beams: 812 834 Find in beam and aay at Jction of flanges and web 878 85.6 design beam, taking oy sf 814 gp into account 8.9.10 alia ‘heck earlier design for guy at junction of Manges encl web susla Desixg of transmission shafts: 8.15,16 219.20 loading represented by forces and couples BIZI8 a2 22 8.27.28 Jonding represented by iapot and output power 8.29.30 Problems that du not involve any specific system of units have been indicated by undeclining thei number. Answers ure not given to problems with & number set in stalie type, xxviiTABLE II: CLASSIFICATION AND DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS (CONTINUED) Problems Number Mechanics of Materials 4 Edition SUUnits US. Units Problem deseription For beam of reeiangular eross soction under axial, bending andl transverse loading. easy problems), find 831532 8.33.36 normal and shearing stresses 8.3435 For beams of eiccular eross section under axial, bending, and transverse loading, find 8.3940 normal and shearing, stresses Bal a2 8as46 principal stresses and maximum sheating sess For beams of rectangular eross section under exial, bending and sransverse loading. find: 8.45.46 B474d ‘normal and shearing stresses 8.49,50 851,52 principal stresses and maximum shearing sess For sigel bears and sizuciural bes under axel, bending and transverse loading, find: 8.53,54 85 normal and shearing stresses 8.56.57 838 prineipal stresses, pricipal planes, and maximum shearing stress $59 8.60 Special problems 18.68 78.61.62 Problems involving torsion of rectanguiar sections or structural shapes “864 866,67 8.6569 Review problems 8.68,70 8.422 875,76 8.25.4 801,02 8.C4,cs Computer problenns 8.€3,C6 807 Problems that do not involve any specific system of units have becn indicated by underlining their mamiber, ‘Answs are not given to problems with # number set in talc fype. xixTABLE Il; CLASSIFICATION AND DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS (CONTINUFD) Mechanics of Materials 44 Edition Problem Nuncibce™ SIT nits US. Units Problem description CHAPTER 9: DEFLECTION OF BEAMS: Using Die integration method, determine te equation of the elastic curve tnd the deflection andor slope at specific poirss for BLS cantilever beans 98 ‘overhanging bearas simply supported beams 99 9.10 sytametrical loading ou 912 insymrmetical fonding 9415 9 ‘beams and loadings requiring the use of 2 equations anc 4 constants 946 of attegration a 218 direet determination of the clastic curve from un analytic function of w(=) For a statically indeterminate beam (first degree}, determine: 9.19,20 921,22 reaction atthe roller suppor: 9.24 93 9.25.26 22728 teaction at the roller support and draw the AY diagram (use of 2 equations and 4 constants of integration required) 9.29,30 9.31382 reaction at the roller support and the deflection at a given point (use of 2 equations and 4 constants of integration required) 23 34 For statically indeterminate beam (second degree), determine the reaction alone end and daw the M diagram Using singularity functions, determine the equation of the elastic cweve and ‘the deflection andor slope at specified points: 932.38 easy problems) problems involving overhanging beams es problems with distributed loads 5.4647 problems with mmnerieal ata 9.49.30 5132 For a statically indetenninate beam (fist degree), determine the reaction at 55336 55455 the roller support and the deflection at a specified point. 957 9.58 For a statically indoterminace beom (second degree}, determine the reaction atthe role support and the deflection at a specified point. 959,62 960,61 determine the maximum deflecsion 9.63.64 Problems involving the reduetion of a load to a torce-couple system. * Problems that do nol involve any speci system of nits have been indicated by waderlining their marmber. Answers are aot given to problems wit a number set in italic type. 2KTABLE I: CLASSIFICATION AND DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS (CONTINUED) Mechanies of Materials 4 Beisions Problem Number® SEUnits U.S. Units Problem description, ‘Using method of superposition, determine the detection and slope at specified points ire 9.67.68 cantilever bears 56076 simply supported beams 9.75.76 cantilever beans (sith mamesical data) simply supported hears {with rermesieal dala) sunteally indeterminate bears (first degeec) statically indeterminate beams (second degree) 9.86.87 combined beams, determinate (ith munierival data) 9.90.99 statically indetereninate beams (with numerical dat) 994 ‘Combined bending and torsion of rods Using the momenturca method, determine the slope and/or defleetion at specified points in cantilever beams 9.95.96 9.97.98 ‘with simple loadings 9.99, 100 with more eomplex Koads 101,104 9,102,403 ‘with mumerieal data 910608 a gus tOF with variable 7 samply supported beams 9109.10 9.113.134 ‘with symmetcic loadings SALLU2 8i15,116 vith variable ZY B78 9.224,122 swith marerical data $119,120 2B special problems Sumply supported and overiengirg beams with unsymmettic loadings 9126127 925.128 simply supported beams (casy problemas) 9.128.131 9.430032 simply supported bearas with numetical data 9.134 overhanging beams ‘overhanging beams (with numerical daca) simply supported beams with varcble £7 ind meximam deflection for: Slat simply supported beams: 9.143 with numerical data gas 9.146 overhanging beams Statically indeterminate beams {first degree) 9.149.150 9.147.148 single spa DISLIS2 ‘ovo span beams, find all reactions 9.153 9.154 single span beams (with numerical data) 9.458 9.156 simply supported beams with additional elastie support et midspan * Problems that de not involve any specific System of units have been indicated by undertining Meir number. Answers afe not given (o problems with a number set in italic type.TARLEU: CLASSIFICATION AND DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS (CONTINUED) Mechanics of Materials $ Edition Problems Numher® SLUnits U.S. Units Problem description susruse 9.489.160 Review problems 9.61168 9.162.168 9164168 9.166.167 gers 9.02.05 ‘Computer problems 9C4c8 9.007 HAEEER V0: COLUMNS Stability of rigid-rod-anc-spring systems 10.1.2 1034 ‘easy problems, single spring 105.6 10.78 systems stl two or more springs ‘Application of Euler's formula to the critical loeding or pin-ended columns: 1g 1810 shoot struts 10.12,13 wun ‘comparison of critical loads for various eross sections 1.14 Allowable loading for pin-endec coluns, 1ot7 48 10.1516 rolled-stee! shapes 19.19.20 ‘muttiple-member structures 10.23.24 10.2122 columns with various end conditions 1027.28 10.25.26 Application of the secant formula to the sccentrie loading of cohemns 10.30,37 10.2935 find cau 2nd either deflection or for a given loud 103234 10.37,38 10.35,36 find gi and Inad for a given deflection an eccentrtcity to.39.40 10.41.42 temperature induced loading 1045,46 10.43.48 find Py for given ¢, tas #04 US. (using Fig. 10.24) desiga problems 10.49,50 1047.48 find column tength 10.52,52 find factor of safety of column 10,53,54 10.55,56 find cross section of column ‘Problems that do not invalve any specific system OF unite have been sndicated by underlining their number Answers are not given fo problems with 2 number set in italic type. xxiTABLE II; CLASSIFICATION AND DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS (CONTINUED) Mechanics of Materials # Edition Probiem Sumber sLUnits US, Unis Problem deseription Analysis of eohumins under ceric load columns with simple cross section: 10.58,60 10.5759 steel columns 10.62 30.6! lurainum columns 10.64 10.63 timber calms cojuns with busltaup eras sections: 1065 timber column 10.66 sluminuns cola 10.67.68 10.69 steel colurens 10.70 Design of colurins under 9 centric toad: 10.72.73 10.71 alumina courans 10.74,76 10.75 fiber evlurans 10.77.80 10.78,79 sel columns 10.83.84 10.81.82 Application of LRFD formatlas 710.85 "10.86 analysis of columns under a centric ioading 10.87 “10.88 sign of coluans wader a eentrie loading, ‘Analysis af columns under an eecenitrie load 10.89,90 steet cofumns, find allowable Toad 10.94.92 aluminum coluans, find altowable Koad 10.93,54 timber eoturins, fin allowable load Design of columns under an eccentri¢ load: find maximum allowable leagth: 10.95,96 alominu col 10.97.98 ‘umber colurans 10.99, L00 toe! cohumtss 10.201.102 dosign eross section: 10,103,104 timber columns 10.195,106 steel cofumns, rectangular cross section 10,107,108 aluminum coltns, rectangulac o¢ eircular cross sections 10.108.110 LOAtGN12—— 10.113,114 steel column, wide-flange shape 1O.115,116 steel tube 0012121 WLL8 279 Review probienis 10,723,126 10,120,122 10.i27128 — 10.124,25 1O.C1,€3.C6 — 10.€2,C4,05 Computer problems © Problems ha do not involve any spociiic Stem of units have been indicated by underlining their mamber ‘Answers aze aot given to problems with a mirbr set in italic type, xxxillTABLE II: CLASSIFICATION AND DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS (CONTINUED) Mechantes of Matariais # Edition Probiem Number SLUnts US. Units Prablem description CHAPTER U1: FNERGY METHODS Modulus of resilience Modulus of resthence aad modulus of souighness: I 116 from stzess-strin diagnan ILS IL? ‘tom: load-deftecliun diagram of a tensile test, ‘Swain energy under axial (oads: m2, 10 he strain energy under a given load HILL? ‘maximum sllowable stain energy a3 has factor of sulasy tts 16 strain energy by integration of approximate methods 8.20 siraa energy of trusses 121,22 with nameviel data 11.23.24 11.25.26 Suain energy in bending: 1.27 28 derivation of formulas 11.29,30 113132 with mumerical data 1133 134 Strain energy in torsion: bby iattegration, 1136.37 ‘Maximarelstortion-eneigy criterion for Suimensional state of stress 138,39 Lao wat Specisl problems Impact loading: 11.43.63 1aeas ‘of ods (horizontal impact) 114647 ofzods (vertical impact) 11.49,50 a8 ‘of beams (horizontal impact) 11.52183 us of beams (vertical impact) 1.55356 11.54 problems on theory Use of wore-energy method to determine: Geflection or slope of: 11.58,60 prismatic beats N61 onprismaic hoams 11.67.69 angle of twist of shatis angle of twist of 2 thin-watled hollow shat 117475 deflection of a joint ofa truss * Probleins that de nor involve any specific system of units have been indicnted by underlining thei number Answers are net give to problems with x number set in italic type. voi‘TABLE Il; CLASSIFICATION AND DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS (CONTINUED) Mechanies uf Materials a! Edition, Problem Number* STLnite US. Units Brablem description 11.28.80 173,73 Work of several loads applied to 2 beam a 182 Determsnate structures. Use Castigliaso’s theotern to determine’ 11.83,84 2195.86 deflevtioa aud:or siope of beams LATS T9292 11.39.99 1195.98 193,94 deflection andiof slope of beans (with mumnerieal data) 12.98,97 taoiso2——14.98,100 deflection of a given joint in a tras 173,104, w0s106 12,207,108 deflection andioe stope ar a given point im a bent or curved rod 1109, 18 Indvterminate structures (first degcee). Use Castigliamo’s theorem to determine: WLU HL/SL seaction at roller support and draw bending moment diagram LLH5,106 ILN7118—-LLN9,/20 force in member(s) ofa truss 1A2LI 11123,124—-11925,126 Review problems 122132 81,928,129 YH43334—41-130,132 ILC3,C4.CS—HLCLC2.C6 Computer probiems Problems thar do not invale iny spevifie system of units have been indicated by underlining their number. “Answers are not given te problems with a number set in italie type. sooSPRUCE bern samnng eronasap ‘eam 5, swonbourey "par eed 3 8G Sug ua ss poor oumeacy, us apn MAND 30 Wl) ROT aNB5 Pau) stuNND 30 KF RUD oes ape] RAN symog SIM SEEN POT 1g SE TOPE ROTENTEG Ney IpOGAHE VAIL HTS PART MNESUON Or6S FL6 f oe SL oe asi sumo} a OW ssang remy uous EL pmr9smas 6 SMU PAPAL UE BIRAg ARIAS 993 EE usa Pejsoeeas fame S13 g a BSERLLVOF purer sopeyog ona omy tose g RET 55.04] Pom sqm SRUEBAPpST ESTAS ues wang tang sais 30 se fans jo suatodna ‘Spear rey oper osu ‘some sos suatg day isurr'se?, svorsez ANI SHGNBOWE IHL JOS wow‘manag sen FH per] suey we py SoU J0 is) per] sunun5 8 pop sound je ufc, ‘jong weg Supany oom bnmuogs,ng suEMI veoq PRET HORNET aH URI DANY AURA mR varveN femea par deans “eras 1 POMPE suey ease A moony kg Deg 10 WET nas 9 53 9349 SOK sug au Jo orate BUDD HS ‘eoquey pone, at sotsons Rous lumog ett sosang Buta sue sreanesbaog, tunetap 1 sopruny dase sop) pudg a suey amusig jo BIE ie 4 Ww Bubary sen Aa, sing useyy Faxpang pes mS Seay paneny soap epg syevomyy esatag 30 pnp ez quDT usy sper ai suosounfoy pu sossong ‘uno sewers Kroes ecsrarez weseiq ueagssong os'erscoet ayes yosisey seis fo oemde) SUH Fy Fupeor ren sap se onanpone, ser nese ren ey xd ‘HOO AL {039A HH NI AEIAIO AY SOCOM #8AHT AO TTV OL SBAMSKY SUNN AWYMOASND S10 4457 GNW SUING IS ISN KLSITASTILL 10 HOV NI SINTTEOMA AHL 30 mL uo a poles ar SHAMBLES OK] NE HED NEEM | ADH 9408 QE I PaLTIES SEMIS PASI oS m0; 243 rxxvilPROPEN TARY \ND-CONFIDENTIAL This Manual is the preprictars property of The MeGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. f gheand other state and federal laws. By open- 2s to the following restrictions, and if the recipi- ent docs sot agree to these rostriet the Manual should be promptly returned unopened to McGraw-Hill This Manual is being provided only to authorized pro- fessors and instructors for use in preparing for the classes using the affiliated text- book. No other use or distribution of this Manual is permitted. This Manual may not be sold and may not be distributed to or used by any student or other third party. No part of this Manual may be reproduced, displayed or distributed in any form or by any means, electronic or otherwise, without the prior written permis- sion of the McGraw-Hill. ( MeGraw-Hill ) and way ing and using tits Mansel the use Instructor’s and Solutions Manual Volume H, Chapters 7-11 to accompany ostait#Wre © oe Jobeston, Ge «Joba Cres MECHANICS | of MATERIALS | Prepared by Dean P. UpdikeInstructor’s and Solutions Manual to accompany Mechanics of Materials Fourth Edition Volume IE, Chapters 7-11 Ferdinand P. Beer Late of Lehigh University E. Russell Johnston, Jr. University of Connecticut John T. DeWolf University of Connecticut Prepared by Dean P. Updike Lehigh University PROPRIETARY AND CONFIDENTIAL ‘This Manual isthe propcietery property of The MeGraw-Hill Companies, la. (°MeGrars-Hill”) and protected by copyright and other sale and federal laws. By opening and using this Manual the user agrees tothe following cesrictions, ard if he recipient doesnot agree to these ‘restrictions, the Manual shoutd be promptly returned unopened lu McGraw-Hill: This Manual iy being provided only ¢o wathorized professors and instructors for use in preparing for the classes usiag the affliated textbook, No other use or distribution of this ‘Manual is permitted. This Manual nay not be sot and may not be distributed to or used by any student or other third party. No part uf Gis Manual may he reproduced, displayed or distributed iu any form or by any means, electronic or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the McGraw-Hill. oe Higher Education Boston Burr Ridge, IL Dubucue, IA Madison, Wl New York San Francisco St. Louis Bangkok Bogcti Caracas Kuala Lumpur Lisbon London Madiicl Mexico City Mien Montreal NewDahi Santiago Seoul Singapore Sydney Taipei TorontoEoin Insiictors and Solutions Mensa, Nolue Ho wecrapany MECHANICS OF MATERIALS, FOURTH EDIHIOS Fordinand P Dee, E. Ruse Jobson, Je, and John 1. Ds Welt ‘oblished by MeGran-Fil Higher Fahicalion, an inet ofthe The MeGisse4T Companies, Ins, [221 Avenue of the Americas, New York, NY 1HIRO. Copyright© 2006, 2002, 1993, 198) by Tne McGraw FEN Companies, ne. Aight eesnse ‘The comtots, of pats thereof, may’e revised in uit Sor ele fer elsereom se ita MECHANICS OF MATERIALS, OURTH BDITION, provida such productions beue copyright ote, but nay 0 be rerodaced in ay eter ferro Zor ay oles purpose without the pier ‘wut conse of The MeCra%-LEl Companies, Tac, inchatig, tl wot raed ntact oF ‘her electonte storage or wansmaicn, or broadest or cists earning. his book is printed on aire pape 24567890 BKMIBKMO98T 1SBN-)3:978-0.07-298005.0 ISBN-50- 0.07 29803548 ‘seu mie com‘TABLE OF CONTENTS To the Instructor ... Description of Material Contained in Mechanics of Materials, 4" edition ... Table I : List of Topics Covered in Mechanics of Materials, 4” edition Table II: Classification and Description of Problems. xviii Table HI: Sample Assignment Schedule (50% of Problems in SI Units and 50% in U.S. Customary Units)... Table IV: Sample Assignment Schedute (75% of Problems in SI Units and 25% in U.S. Customary Units) 7 Problem SolutionsTO THE INSTRUCTOR: As indicated in its preface, Mechanics of Materials is designed for the first course in mechanics of materials - or strength of materials = offered to engineering students in the sophomore or junior year. However, because of the farge number of optional sections that have been included and the maturity of approach that hhas been achieved, this text can also be used to teach a more advanced course. ‘The text has been divided into units, gach corresponding to a well-defined topic and consisting of one or several theory sections follawed by sample problems and a large number of problems to be assigned. In order to accommodate courses of varying emphases, considerably more material has been included than can bo covered effectively in a single three-credit-hour course. To assist the instructors in making up a schedule of assignments that best fils their classes, the various topics presented in the text have been listed in Table 1 and both a minimum and a maximum number of periods to be spent on each topic have been suggested. Topics have been divided into three categories: core tupics that will probably be covered in every course; additional topics that can be selected to ‘complement this core to form courses of various emphases; and finally topics that can be used with more advanced students. The problems have been grouped according to the portions of material they illustrate and have been arranged in order of increasing difficulty, with problems requiring special attention indicated by asterisks. The instructor's attention is called to the fact that problems have been arranged in groups of six or more, all problems of the same group being closely related. This means that the instructor ‘will easily find additional problems to amplifya particular point that has been brought up in the discussion of a problem assigned for homewark. Since half of the problems are stated in ST units and half in U.S. customary units, it also means that the instructor has the choice of assigning problems using SI units and problems using U.S. customary units in whatever proportion is found to be most desirable for a given class. To assist in the preparation of homework assignments Table II provides a brief description ofall groups of problems and a classification of the problems in each group according to the units used. It should also be noted that answers to all problems with a umber set in roman type are piven at the end of the text, while problems with a number set in italic are not. Jn Table TI six alternative lists of possible assignments have been suggested. Pour of these lists consist of problems whose answers are given at the end of the text, and two of problems whose answersare not. Half of the problems in each list are stated in SI units and half in U.S. customary units, For those instructors who wish to emphasize the use of St units, four additional lists of problems have been given in Table !V, in which 75% of the problems use $1 units. Since the lists in Tables ID and IV cover the entire text, instructors will want (0 sclect those groups of sections that are best suited to the course they to teach, For a typical one-semester course consisting of 42 class meetings and including four quizzes, as many as 38 of the 46 available groupe can be selected. Since the approach used in this text differs in a number of respects from the approach used in other books, the instructor is advised to read the preface to Mechanics of Materials, in which the authors have outlined their general philosophy. Attention is particularly ealled to the fact that statically indeterminate problems are first discussed in Chapter 2 and are considered throughout thetext for the various loading conditions encountered, Thus, students are presented at an early stage with a method of solution that combines the analysis of deformations with the conventional analysis of forces used in slatics, and will have become thoroughly familiar with it by the end of the course. The concept of plastic deformation is also introduced in Chap. 2, where itis applied to the analysis of members under axial loading, while problems involving the plastic deformation of circular shafts and of prismatic heams are considered in aptional sections of Chaps. 3 and 4, respectively. On the other hand, while the concept of stress at a point is introduced in Chap. 1, the discussion of the transformation of stresscs is delayed until Chap. 7, after students have discovered for themselves the need for special techniques, such as Mohr's circle, In this edition, shear and bending-moment diagrams are introduced vi at the beginning of Chap. $ and applied immediately to the design of beams in that chapter and in the next. A brief description, chapter by chapter, of the topics included in the text will be found in the following pages. It is hoped that this, material will help instructors orgenize their courses to best fit the needs of their students, ‘The authors of Mechanics af Materials, 4/e, wish to thank Professor Dean P. Updike of the Department of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics at Lehigh University for having written the problem solutions contained in this Manual, E. Russell Johnston, Jr John T. DeWolfDESCRIPTION OF THE MATERIAL CONTAINED IN "MECHANICS OF MATERIALS", #" edition Chapter 1 Introduction — Concept of Stress The main purpose of this chapter is to introduce the concept of stress. Alter a short review of Statics in Sec. 1.2 emphasizing the use of free-body diagrams, Secs. 1.3 through 1.7 discuss normal stresses under un axial loading, shearing stresses~with applications to pins and bolts in single and double shear ~ and bearing siresses, Section 1.4 introduces the concepts of analysis and design, while Sec. 1.5 emphasizes the fact that stresses are inherently statically indeterminate and that, at this point, normal stresses under an axial loading can only be assumed to be uniformly distributed. Moreover, such an assumption requires that the axial loading be centric. Section 1.8 is devoted to the application of these concepts to the analysis of @ simple structure, Section 1.9 describes how students should approach the solution of a problem in mechanics of materials, and Sec, 1.10 discusses the numerical accuracy to be expected in such a solution, Problems included in the first lesson also serve as a review ofthe methods of analysis of tmasses, frames, and mechanisms learned in statics. Section 1.11 discusses the determination ‘of normal and shearing stresses an oblique planes under an axial loading, while Sec. 1.12 introduces the components of stress under general loading conditions. ‘This section emphasizes the fact that the components of the shearing stresses exerted on perpendicular planes, such as t, and tye, must be equal. It also introduces the students to the concept of transformation of stress. However, the study of the computational techniques associated with the transformation of stress at a point is delayed until Chap, 7, afler students have discovered for themselves the need for such techniques, Section 1.13 is devoted to design vonsiderations. It introduces the concepts of ultimate load, ultimate stress, and factor of safety. It also discusses the reasons for the wse of factors of safety in engincering practice. The section ends with an optional presentation of an alternative method of design, Load and Resistance Factor Design Chapter 2 Stress and Strain — Axial Loading This chapter is devoted to the analysis and design of members under a centric axial loading. Sections 2.1 and 2.2 introduce the concept of normal strain, while Sec. 2.3 describes the general properties of the stress-strain diagrams of ductile and brittle materials and defines the yield strength, ultimate strength, and breaking strength of a material. Section 2.4, which is optional, defines true stress and true strain, Section 2.5 introduces Hooke's law, the modulus of elasticity, and the proportional limit of 9 material. It defines as isotropic those materials whose mechanical properties are independent of thc direction considered and as anisotropic those whose ‘mechanical properties depend upon that direction. Among the latter are fiber-reinforced composite materials, which are described in this, section. Section 2.6 discusses the clastic and the plastic behavior of a material and defines its elastic limit, while Sec. 2.7 is devoted to fatigue and the behavior of materials under repeated loadings. The first lesson of Chap. 2 ends with See, 2.8, which shows how Hooke's Jaw can be used to determine the deformation of a rod ofuniform or variable cross section under one or several loads, and introduces the concept of relative displacement. Seection 2.9 discasses statically indeterminate problems involving, members under an axial load, As indicated in the preface of the text and in the introduction to this manual, the authors believe it is important to introduce the students at an early stage to the concept of statical indeterminacy and to show them how the analysis of deformations can be used in the solution of problems that cannot be solved by the methods of statics alone, It will also help them realize that stresses, being statically indeterminate, can be computed only by considering the corresponding distribution of strains. Section 2.10 discusses the thermal expansion of rads and shows how to determine stresses in statically indeterminate members subjected to temperature changes. Section 2.11 introduces the concept of fateral strain for an isotropic material and defines Poisson's ratio. Section 2.12 discusses the multiaxial loading of a structural element and derives the generalized Hooke's law for such a loading, Since this derivation is based on the application of the principle of superposition, this principle is also introduced in Sec. 2.12, and the conditions under which it can be used are clearly stated, Section 2.13 is optional, It discusses the change in volume of a material under @ multiaxial loading and defines the dilatation and the bulk modulus or modulus of compression ol a given material, Section 2.14 introduces the concept of shearing strain. W should be noted that the authors define the shearing strain as the change in the angle formed by the faces of the element of material considered, and not as the angle through which one of these faces rotates. Hooke’s law for shearing stress and strain and the modulus of rigidity are also introduced in this section, as well as the generalized Haoke’s Jaw for a homogeneous, isotropic material under vill the most general stress conditions. Section 2.15 points out that strains, just as stresses, depend. upon the orientation of the planes considered, It also establishes the fact that the constants E, v, and G are not independent from cach other and derives Ey, (2.43), which expresses the relation among these three constants, Scction 2.16, which is optional, extends the stress-strain relationships to fiber-reinforced composite materials, The relations obtained arc expressed by Eqs. (2.45) and (2.47) and involve three different values of the modulus of elasticity and six different values of Poisson's ratio. Section 2.17 discusses the discribution of the normal stresses under a centric axial loading and shows that this distribution depends upon the manner in which the loads are applicd. However, except in the immediate vicinity of the points of application of the loads, the disteibution of stresses can be assumed uniform. This result verifies Saint-Venant’s principle. Section 2.18 discusses siress concentrations near cireular holes and fillets in flat bars under axial loading, Section 2.19 is devoted to the plastic deformation of members under centric axial loads and introduces the coneept of an elastoplastic material. As stated in the preface of the text, the authors believe that students should be exposed to the concept of plastic deformation in the first course in mechanics of materials, if only to Tet them realize the limitations of the assumption of a linear stress-strain relation in engineering applications. By introducing this concept carly in the course in connection with axiaf loading, rather than later with torsion or bending, one makes it easier for the students to understand and accept it. For the same reason, residual stresses are discussed in Sec. 2.20 in connection with axial loading. However, since some instructors may not want to include the concept of residual stresses in an elementary course, this section is optional and can be omittedwithout any prejudice to the understanding of the rest of the text. Chapter 3 ‘Torsion Section 3.1 introduces this type of loading, while Sec. 3.2 establishes the relation that must be satisfied, on the basis of staties, by the shearing stresses in a given section of a shaft subjected to a torque. This condition, however, doos not suffice to determine the stresses, and one must analyze the deformations which occurin the shaft. This is done in Seo. 3.3, where itis proved that the distribution of shearing strains in a circular shaft is linear. It should be noted that the discussion presented in See. 3.3 is based solely on the assumption of rigid end plates, rather than on arbitrary and gratuitous assumptions regarding the deformations of a shaft. The results obtained in this and the following sections clearly depend pon the validity of this assumption, but can be extended to other loading conditions through the application of Saint-Venant's principle. Section 3.4 is devoted to the analysis of the shearing stresses in the clastic range and presents the derivation of the elastic torsion formulas for circular shafts. The section ends ‘with remarks on the transformation of stresses in torsion and the comparison between the failures of dyctile and brittle materials in torsion. ‘The formula for the angle of twist of a shaft in the elastic range is derived in Sec. 3.5. This section also contains various applications involving the twisting of single and _gear-connected shafts. Scction 3.6 deals with the solution of problems involving statically indeterminate shafis. Section 3.7 is devoted to the design of transmission shafis and begins with the determination of the torque required to transmit a piven power at a given speed, both in SI and U.S. customary units. Note that the effect of bending on the design of transmission shafts will be discussed in See. 8.3, which is optional. Section 3.8 discusses stress concentrations at fillets in circular shafts Sections 3.9 through 3.11 deal with the plastic deformations and residual stresses in circular shafls and are optional. Since a similar presentation of the plastic deformations and cesidnal stresses of members in pure bending is given in Chap, 4, the instructor may decide to include only one of these presentations in the course, Section 3.9 describes the general method for the determination of the torque corresponding, to a given maximum shearing stress in a shaft made of a material with a nonlinear stress-strain diagram, while Secs. 3.10 and 3.11 deal, respectively, with the deformations and the residual stresses in shafts made of an elastoplastic material, Sections 3.32 and3.13 are also optional. They are devoted, respectively, to the torsion of solid members and thin-walled hollow shafis of nancircular section. Chapter 4 Pure Bending Section 4.1 defines this type of loading and shows how the results obtained in the following sections can be applied to the analysis of other types of loading as well, namely, eccentric axial Joadings and transverse loadings. Section 4.2 establishes the relation that must be satisfied, on the basis of statics, by the normal stresses in a ssiven section of a member subjected to pure ‘bending. This condition, however, does not suflice to determine the stresses, and ome must analyze the deformations that occur in the member. ‘This is done in Sec. 4.3, where it is proved that the distribution of normal stresses in a symmetric member in pure bending is linear. It should be noted that no assumption is made in this discussion regarding the deformations of the member, except that the couples should beappliedin such a way that the ends of the member remain plane, Whether this can actually be accomplished is discussed at the end of Sec. 4.5. Section 4.4 is devoted to the analysis of the normal stresses in the elastic range and presents the derivation of the elastic flenwe formulas. 1t also defines the elastic section modulus and ends with the derivation of the formula for the curvature of an elastic beam. Section 4.5 discusses the anticlastic curvature of members in pure bending and also states the loading conditions required for the ends of the member to remain plane. Section 4.6 discusses the determination of stresses in members made of several materials and defines the transformed section of such members. It also shows how the tunsformed section can be used to determine the radius of curvature of the member. The section ends with a discussion of the stresses in reinforced-cuncrete beams. Section 4.7 deals with the stress concentrations at fillets and grooves int flat bars under pure bending. Sections 4.8 through 4.11 are optional. They discuss the plastic deformations and residual stresses in members subjected to pure bending in much the same way that these were discussed in Secs. 3.9 through 3.11 in the case of members in torsion. Section 4.8 describes the general method for the determination of the bending moment corresponding to a given maximum normal siress in a member possessing. two planes of symmetry and made of a material with a nonlinear stress-strain diagram, Section 4.9 deals with members made of an elastoplastic material and derives formulas relating the thickness of the elastic core and the radius of curvature with the applied bending moment in the case of members with a rectangular cross section, It also defines the shape factor and the plastic section modulus of members with a nonrectangular section, Section 4.10 deals with the determination of the plastic moment of members made of an elastoplastic material and. possessing a single plane of symmetry, while Sec. 4.11 discusses residual stresses. Section 4.12 shows how the stresses due toa neo-dimensional eccentric axial loading can be obtained by replacing the given cecentrie ioad dy a centric load and a couple, and superposing the corresponding stresses. Attention is called to the fact that the neutral axis does not pass through the centroid of the section. Section 4.13 deals with the unsymmetric bending of elastic members. It is first shown that the noutral axis of a cross section will coincide with the axis of the bending couple if, and only if, the axis of the couple is directed along one of the principal centroidal axes of the cross section. It is then shown that stresses due to unsymmetric bending can always be determined by resolving the given bending couple into two component couples directed. along the principal axes of the section and superposing the corresponding stresses. This method of analysis is extended in Sec. 4.14 to the determination of the stresses due to an eccentric axial loading in three- dimensional space. The eccentric load is replaced by an equivalent system consisting ofa centric load and two bending couples, and the corresponding stresses are superposed. Section 4,15 is optional; it deals with the bending of curved members Chapter § Analysis and Design of Beams for Bending In Sec, 5.1 beams are defined as slender prismatic members subjected to transverse loads and are classified according to the way in which they are supported. It is shown that the internal forces in any given cross section are equivalent toa shear force V and a bending couple M. Thebending couple M_ creates normal siresses in the section, while the shear force V creates, shearing stresses, The former is determined in this chapter, using the flexure formula (5.2), while the latter will be discussed in Chap. 6, Since the dominant criterion in the design of beams for strength is usually the ending stresses in the beam, the determination of the maximum value of the bending moment in the beam is the most important factor to be considered. To facilitate the determination of the bending moment in any given section of the beam, shear and bencing-moment diagrams will be drawn, using free-body diagrams of various portions of the beam (Sec. 5.2). An alternative method, based on relations among load, shear, and bending mament, is presented in Sec. 5.3. ‘To maintain the interest of the students, most of the problems to be assigned are focused on the engineering applications of these methods and call for the determination, not ‘only of the shear and bending moment, but also of the normal stresses in the beam. Seotion 5 is devoted to the design of prismatic beams based on the allowable normal stress for the material used, Sample Problems and problems to be assigned include wooden beamsof rectangular cross section, as well as rolled-steel W and § beams. An optional paragraph on page 334 describes the application of Load and Resistance Factor Designo beams under transverse loading. Section 5.5 introduces the concept of singularity fimetions and shows how these functions can provide an alternative and effective method for the determination of the shear and bending moment at any point of a beam under the most general loading condition, While this section is optional, it should be included in the lesson schedule if singularity functions are to be used later for the determination of the slope and deflection of 2 beam (Sce. 9.6). It is pointed out xi on page 348 that singularity fimetions are particularly well suited to the use of computers, and several optional problems requiring the use ofa computer (Probs, 5.129 through 5.136) have been included in this assignment. Section 5.6, which is optional, is devoted to nonprismatic beams, such as forged or cast beams designed to be of constant strength, and rolled-steel beams reinforced with cover piates. Chapter 6 Stresses in Beams and Thin-Walled Members ‘Due to Shear It is shown in See. 6.1 that a transverse load creates shearing stresses as well as normal stresses in a beam. Considering first the horizontal face of beam clement, itis shown in Sec. 6.2 that the horizontal shear per unit length 49, or shear flow, is equal to VOT, This result is, applied in Example 6.01 to the determination of the shear force in the nails connecting three planks forming a wooden beam, as well as in Probs. 6.1 through 6.8. In Sec. 6.3 the average shearing stress ‘tue exerted on the horizontal face of the beam element is obtained by dividing the shear flow g by the width / of the beam: (6.6) Note that since the shearing stresses ty and fy exeried at a given point are equal, the expression obtained also represents the average shearing stress exerted at a given height on a vertical section of the beam. This formula is uscd to determine shearing stresses in a beam made of glued planks in Sample Prob. 6.1 andto design a timber beam in Sample Prob. 6.2. Problems 6.11 through 6.14 and 6.21 through 6.24 call for the determination of shearing stresses in various types of beams.In Examples 6.02 and 6.03 the designs obtained on the basis of normal stresses, respectively, for a timber beam in Sample Prob. 5.7 and for a rolled-steel beam in Sample Prob. 5.8.are checked and found to be acceptable from the point off view of shearing stresses. Problems 6.15 through 6.18 call for a similar verification of beam designs obtained in Chap. 5. Section 6.5 is optional and discusses the distribution of stresses in a nacrow rectangular beam. In Sco. 6.6 the expression g= VQobtained fon See. 6.2 for the shear flow on the horizontal face of a beam element is shown to remain valid for the curved surface of a beam clement of arbitrary shape. It is then applied in Example 6.04 and in Probs. 6.29 through 6.33 to the determination of the shearing forces and shearing stresses in nailod and glued vertical surfaces, Section 6,7 deals with the determination of shearing stresses in shin-walled members and shows that Eq. (6.6) can be applied to the determination of the average shearing stress ina section of arbitrary orientation. Section 6.8, which is optional, deseribes the formation of plastic zones in beams subjected to transverse loads. Section 6.9, which is also optional, deals with the wnsymmetric loading of thin-walled members, the determination of the shear center, and the computation of the shearing stresses caused by a shearing force exerted at the shear center. Chapter 7 Transformations of Stress and Strain Afier a short introduction (Sec. 7.1), formulas for the transformation of plane stress under a rotation of axes are derived in Sec. 7.2, xii while the prineipal planes of stress, prineipal stresses, and maximum shearing stress are determined in See. 7.3. Section 7.4 is devoted 1 the use of Mobw's circle, It should be noted that the convention used in the text provides for a rotation on Mobr's circie in the same sense as the corresponding rotation of the element; in other words, this convention is the same as that used in statics for the transformation of ‘moments and products of inertia, Attention is called to the statement at the top of page 439 of the text and the accompanying Fig. 7.20. Seotion 7.5 discusses the general (three= dimensional) state of stress and establishes the fact that three principal axes of stress and three principal stresses exist. Section 7.6 shows how three different Mohr's circles can be used to represent the transformations of stress associated with rotations of the element about tho principal axes. The results obtained are used. to show that in a state of plane stress, the maximum shearing stress does not necessarily ‘occur in the plane of stress Sections 7.7 and 7.8 are optional. Section 7.7 presents the two criteria most commonly used to predict whether a ductile materia! will yield under a given state of plane stress, while Sev.7.8 discusses the two eriteria used to predict the fracture of brittle materials Section 7.9 deals with stresses in thin-walled pressure vessels; itis limited to the analysis of cylindrical and spherical pressure vessels. The second part of the ehaapter (Sees. 7.10 through 7.13) deals with mangformations of strain and is optional, Section 7.10 presents the derivation of the formulas for the transformation of strain under a rotation of axes, It should he noted that this derivation is based on the consideration ofaan oblique triangle (Fig. 7.62) and the use of the Jaw of cosines, and that the determination of the shearing strain is facilitated by the use of Eq, (7.43), whieh relates it to the normal strain along the coordinate axes and their bisector, Section 7.11 introduces Mohr's circle for plane strain, and Sec. 7.12 discusses the three- dimensional analysis of strain and its application to the detcrinination of the maximum sbearing strain in states of plane strain and of plane stress. Section 7.13 deals with the use of strain rosettes for the determination of states of plane strain. Chapter 8 Principal Stresses under a Given Loading This chapter is devoted to the determination of the principal stresses and maximum shearing stress in beams, transmission shafls subjected to transverse loads as well as to torques, and bodies of arbitrary shape under combined loadings. In See. 8.1 it is shown that, while only normal stresses occur on a square element svith horizontal and vertical faces located at the surface of a beam, shearing stresses will occur i the element is rotated through 45 ° (Fig. 8.1). “The reverse situation is observed for an clernent with horizontal and vertical faves subjected only to shearing stresses (Fig. 8.2). The analysis of beams, therefore, should include the determination of the principal stresses and maximum shearing stress at various points. This is done in See. 83 for cantilever beams of various rectangular sections subjected toa single concentrated load at their free end. It ig found that the principal stress ona does not exceed the maximum normal sttes3- din determined by the method of Chap. 5 except very close to the load. While this result holds for most beams of nonrectangular scetion, it may not be valid for rolled-steel W and S beams, and the xii analysis and design of such beams should inelude the determination of the principal siress Grass at the junction of the web with the flanges of the beam. (See Sample Probs. 8.1 and 8.2, and Probs. 8.1 through 8.14). Section 8.3 is devoted to the analysis and design of transmission shafis using gears ot sprocket wheels to transmit power to and from the shaft. ‘These shafts are subjected to transverse loads as well as to torques. The Gesign of such sbafis is the subject of Sample Prob, 8.3 and Probs. 8.15 through 8.30, ‘The determination ofthe stresses ata given point K ofa body due to a combined loading is the subject of See.8.4. First, the loading is reduecd to ‘an equivalent system of forces and couples in a section of the bady containing KX. Next, the normal and shearing stresses are determined at X. Finally, using one of the methods of transformation of stresses presented in Chap. 7, the principal planes, principal stresses, and maximum shearing stress may be determined at K. This procedure is illustrated in Example 8.01 and Sample Probs. Band 85. Chapter 9 Deflection of Beams ‘The relation derived in Chap. 4 between the curvature of a beam and the bending ‘moment is recalled in Sec. 9,2 and used to predict the variation of the curvature along the beam. In Sec. 9.3, the equation of the elastic curve for a beam is obtained through two successive integrations, after the bending moment has been expressed as a function of the coordinate x. Examples 9.01 and 9.02 show how the boundary conditions can be used to determine the two constants of integration in the cases of a cantilever beam and of a simply supported beam, Example 9.03 indicates how to proceed when the bending moment must be represented by two different functions of x.Section 9.4 is optional; it shows in the case of a beam supporting « distributed load, how the equation of the elastic eurve can be obtained directly from the function representing the load distribution through the use of four successive integrations. Section 9.5 is devoted to the analysis of statically indeterminate heams and 10 the determination of the reactions at their supports. It is suggested that a minimum of two lessons be spent on Secs. 9.2 through 9.5 if neither the use of singularity functions (Sec, 9.6) nor the moment-arew method (Secs. 9.9 through 9,14) are to be covered in the course. Section 9.6 is devoied to the use of singularity functions for the determination of beam deflections and slopes. It is optional and assumes ihat Sec. 5.5 has been covered previously. Itis recommended that both Secs. 5.5 and 9.6 be included in the course, since singularity functions provide the stadents with an effective and versatile method for the determination of deflections and slopes under the most diverse loading conditions. In addition, and 2s indicated earlier, singularity functions are well suited to the use of computers. Two problems requiring the use of computers (Probs, 9.49 and 9.50) may be included in this assignment. Section 9.7 discusses the method of superposition for the determination of beam deflections and slopes. It shows how the expressions given in Appendix D for various simple loadings can be used to obtain the deflection and slope of a beam supporting a more complex loading, In Sec. 9.8, the method of superposition is applied to the determination of the reactions at the supports of statically indeterminate beams, Sections 9.9 through 9.14 are optional. hey deal with the application of the moment- area methods to the determination of the deflection of beams and may be omitted in xiv courses that place a greater emphasis on analytical methods and make use of singularity fanctions. It should be noted, however, that these methods provide a very practical means for the determination of the deflection and slope of beams of variable crass section. ‘The two moment-area theorems. are derived in Sec, 9.9 and are immediately applied in Sec. 9.10 to the computation of the slope and deflection of cantilever beams and beams with symmetric loadings (simply supported ot overhanging beams). Section 9.11 shows how to draw a bending-moment diagram by parts. This approach greatly facilitates the determination of moment ureas in all but the simplest loading situations Section 9.12 deals with simply supported and overhanging beams with unsymmetric loadings. The analysis of such beams hinges on the use of a reference tangent drawn through one. of the supports after the tangential deviation of the sccond support has been computed from the bending-moment diagram, Section 9.13 describes how to locate the point of maximum deflection and how to compute that deflection. ._ Seetion 9.14 deals with the analysis of statically indeterminate beams and the determination of the reactions at their supports. Chapter 10 Columns Section 10,2 introduces the concept of stability of a structure, The example considered in this section consists of a block supported by two spring-connected rigid rods. Itis shown that the position of equilibrium in which both rods are aligned is stabie if this position is the only possible position of equilibrium of the system The same etiterion is applicd to an elastic pin-ended column in See. 10.3 in order toderive Exiler’s formula. Section 10.4 shows bow Euler'sformula for pin-ended columns can be used to determine the critical load of columns with other end conditions. Section 10.5 is optional; it dais with the eccentric loading of a column and gives the derivation of the secant formula. Section 10.6 discusses the design of columns under a centric load and presents the empirical formulas developed by various engineering associations for the design of steel columns, aluminum columns, and wood columas. Page 643 is devoted to an optional discussion of the application of Load and Resistance Factor Design to steel columns Section 10.7 discusses the design of columns under an eccentric load and presents, two of the most frequently used methods: the ailowable-stress method and the interaction method. Chapter 11 Energy Methods Section 11.2 introduces the concept of strain energy by considering the work required to stretch « rod of uniform cross section, ‘This work, which is equal to the area under the load-deformation curve, represents the strain energy of the rod. The strain-energy density is defined in See. 11.3, as well as the modulus of toughness and the modulus of resilience of a given material. The formula for the elastic strain energy associated with normal stresses is derived in Sec. 11.4, as well as the expressions for the strain energy corresponding to an axial loading, and to pure bending. The formula for the stvain energy associated with shearing stresses is derived in Sec. 11.5, as well as the expressions corresponding to torsion and transverse loading. ction 11.6, which is optional, covers the strain energy for a general state of stress and derives an expression for the distortion energy ‘por unit volume, both in the general case of three-dimensional stress and in the particular case of plane stress. Section 11.7 discusses impact loadings and Sec. 11.8 the design of a structure for an impact load. To facilitate the sotution of impact- loading problems, it is shown in Sec. 11.9 that the strain energy of a structure subjected to a single concentrated load P can be obtained by equating the strain energy to the work of P. (Appendix D is used to express the deflection in terms of P), As shown in See, 11.10, the reverse procedure can be used 19 determine the deflection of a structure at the point of application of a single load P or a single couple 1M; the strain energy of the structure is computed from one of the formulas derived in Secs. 11.4 and 11.3, and the work of P or M is equated to the expression obtained for the strain energy. Sections 11.11 through 11.14 are optional, In Sec. 11.11 an expression for the strain energy of a structure subjected ta several Joads is obtained by computing the work of the joads as they are successively applied. Reversing the order in which the loads are applied, one proves Maxwell's reciprocal theorem. The expression obtained for the strain energy of the structure is used in Sec, 11.12 to prove Castigliana’s theorem. Section 11.13 is devoted to the application of Castigliano's theorem to the determination of the deflection and slope of a beam and to the deflection of a point in a truss, Finally, Sec. 11.14 deals with the application of Castigliano's theorem to the determination of the reactions at the supports of statically indeterminate structures such as bears and trusses.‘TABLE I: LIST OF TOPICS COVERED IN. MECHANICS OF MATERIALS, 4° edition Sections Topics Chapter 1: Introduction - Concept of Stress i1-10 “Stress Under Axisl Loading J.11-13 Components of Stress; Factor of Safety ‘Chapter 2: Stress and Strain — Axtal Loading 218 ‘Stress-Strain Diagrams; Deformations Under ‘Axial Loading 2.9-10 ‘Statically Indeterminate Problems 211-12 Poisson's Ratio, Generalized Hooke’s Law #213 Dilatation; Bulk Modulus 214-15 Shearing Strain *2.16 ‘Stress-Strain Relationships for Fiber-Reinforced ‘Composite Materials 2.17-19 Stress Concentrations: Plastic Deformations "2.20 Residual Stresses Chapter 3: Torsion 31-4 Stresses in Elastic Range 35-6 Angle of Twist; Siatically Indeterminate Shafts 3.7-8 Design of Transmission Shafts; Stress Concentrations “39-11 Plastic Deformations; Residual Stresses "3.1213 Noncircular Members; Thin-Walled Hollow Shafts Chapter 4: Pure Bending 41-5 Stresses in Elastic Range 46-7 Members Made of Several Materials; Stress Concentrations "48-11 Plastic Deformations; Residual Stresses 412 Becentric Axial Loading 4.1344 Unsymmetric Bending; General Eccentric Axial Loading “4.15 ending of Curved Members ‘Chapter 5: Analysis and Design of Beams fur Bending S12 Shout and Bending-Moment Diagrams 33 Using Relations among w, ¥, and if 5.4 Design of Prismatic Beams in Bending, 45.5 Use of Singularity Functions to Determine Vand Af "5.6 Nonprismatic Beams Chapter 6: Shearing Stresses in Beams and ‘Thin-Walled Members 6.14 Shearing Stresses in Beams *6.5 Shearing Stresses in Narrow Rectangular Beara 66-7 Shearing Stresses in Thin-Walled Members *6.8 Plastic Deformations 6.9 Unsymmetric Loading; Shear Center xvi Suggested Number of Periods Core Additional Advanced Topics Topics Topics 1.2 1 1 025-05 0s 05-1 as-1 03 1-2 1-2 1-2 1-2 1.2 1-2 1-2 1-2 1-15 11S 1-2 1-2 1-2 1-2 0.25 1-2 0.25 1-2TABLE I: LIST OF TOPICS COVERED IN. MECHANICS OF MATERIALS. 4° edition Suggested Number of Periods (CONTINUED) Core Sections Topies Topies Chapter 7: Transformation of Stress and Strain 7.13 Transformation of Plane Stress 12 4 Mohr’s Circle for Plane Stress i-2 75-6 Three-Dimensional Analysis of Stress 05-1 ‘778 Yield and Fracture Criteria 19 Thin-Walled Pressure Vessels 05-1 *7.10-12 Analysis of Strain; Mohr's Circle ¥7.13 Strain Rosette ‘Chapter 8: Principal Stresses under a Given Loading *4.1-2 Principal Stresses in a Beam *S3 Design of Transmission Shafts 8.4 Stresses under Combined Loadings Chapter 9: Deflection of Beams G.1-3 Equation of Elistic Curve °9.4 Direct Determination of Elastic Curve from Load Distribution 95 Statieally Indeterminate Beams %9.6 Use of Singularity Functions 97-8 Method of Superposition Application of Moment-Area Theorems to: 09-15 Cantilever Beams and Beams with Symmetric Loadings 19.12-13 Beams with Unsymmetric Loadings; Maximum Deflection 9.14 Statically Indeterminate Bearns pter 10: Columns 10.1-4 Euler's Column Formula 1-2 10,5 ‘Becentric Loading: Secant Formula 10.6 Design of Columns under « Centric Load 10.7 Design of Columns under an Eeceatric Load ‘Chapter 11: Energy Methods ILLS Strain Energy “1L6 Strain Energy for General State of Stress 11.7-9 Impact Loading 110. Deflections by Wark-Energy Method “L113. Castighiano’s Theorem +1114 Statically Indeterminate Structures Total Number of Perieds 24-41% Additional Advanced Topics Topics 1 +2 2 1-2 05-1 05-1 1-2 1-2 21-38% 3-6TABLE Il: CLASSIFICATION AND DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS Mechanics of Materials 4 Edition Problem Number SLUnits US. Gnits Problem deseription CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION - CONCEPT OF STRESS Normal stress under axial loading: 12 1d in bars Ls Lng 1810 1m pin-connected structures L334 Lanse sn trusses and mechanisms HISAR 11617 Shearing stress 119,20 121,22 Fearing stress between flat surfaces hanes 12428 Sheating and bearing stresses at pin-connected joints 1.26.27 1.2930 131,32 Stresses on an oblique plane 133334 138,36 Factor of safety 4.37.40 138,39 in tension Lala? 1434 145,46 in shear 14748 1.5354 149,50 in structures involving links and pins 153856 151,52 "158 7157 Load and Resistasce Factor Design 159.61 1.60.62 Review problems 1.64.66 163,63 167.68, 1.69.70 1.€2,04,06 1.C1,03,€5 Computer provblems ‘TER AND STRAIN ‘Stresses und deformations in statically determinate structures: 224 213 simple rods and wires 268 257 2.9.10 212,14 ultiple-criteria problems 213 2186 219,20 ‘compasite rods and members 2.2122 members of trusses and simple frames 2.27.28 229 230 ‘computation of deformations by integration 31 232 ‘re strain + Prablernw that do nol tnvalve any specific system of unils have bees indicated hy underlining thei number Answers are not given to problems with a number set in italic type. xviii‘TABLE II: CLASSIFICATION AND DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS (CONTINUED} Mechanics of Materials 4 Edition Problea Number* S1Units US. Units Problem description Stuticaly indeterminate strcnures (vonstan: temperanue): 2.38.36 23884 ‘ith members undergoing equal deformations 23738 2.39,40 ‘composite rods with hoth ends restrained aha Danae ‘with members undergoing unequal deformations 245,46 Statically indeterminate structures (with temperature changes) 2.4849 2.47.50 with members undergoing equal deformations 25354 2.5152 composite rods with both ends restrained 255 2.36.57 rods with gaps 2.58.59 svith unequal defarmations 2.60 Poisson's ratio and generalized Hooke’s law: 261,62 2.63.85 uniaxial loading 264.66 267.68 2.69,70 biaxial loading 22L 273.04 derivation of formulas 2.75.76 297,78 Hooke's law for shearing stress and strain 2.79.60 2.81.82 "28385 12.84.86 dilatation 92.87,788 Problems involving cylindrical coordinates *28386 42.84,185 Dilatation 72.89,90 Theory problems “2.9192 Problems involving composites 2.93.94 2.95,96 Stress concentrations in ftat bars 2.99,100 297,98 Plastic deformations under axial loading: 2103104 2.101,102 simple problems 2.105, 106 2107-108 2.109.110 ‘more complex problemas 2,2 Dats 2 problems involving temperature change 26? pioblems involving a structure "2.118120 #2119 problems involving residual stresses “2120 12.15.16 2.124128 225,126 Review problems 23132 -2.427,129 DISKS 2190734 2CLC3C5 202,046,065 Computer problems + Problems that do nor involve any specifi system of unite awe been indicated by wnderlining th “Answers aze not given to problems with a number sets tate type, ariber, xixTABLE TL: CLASSIFICATION AND DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS (CONTINUED) Mechanics of Marcrials €° Edition Problem Numnber™ StUnits U.S. Units Problem description CHAPTER 3; TORSION Shearing stresses: 334 32 in simple shafis 336 38 ane? 3.9.10 in shafts subjected to several torques, BAB 3.1526 3.19.20 in composite shafts STIS 32122 323.04 in gear-connected shafis 3.25.26 3.21.28 3.29 330 special problems Angle of owist: 3.3184 3.32.33 angimple shafts 3.38.26 in shafts subjected to several torques 337 3.38 sn composite shafts 3.39.40 Bala? Jn gear-conneeted shatis 5a34e 3.46 3.4547 Design of shafts hased on allowable stress and allowable angle of twist 249 3.48, 3.50.54 Statically indeterminate shat, 3.54.55 3.52.53 with inner core and outer shell afdiffereat materials 3.56.57 3.5859 3.62.63 3.60.6 Special problems Design of shafts: 3.65.66 3.6467 easy problems with solid shafts 3.69,71 3.68.70 hollow shafts 3.72.33 3.74.75 jncludiag angle of tint 3.76.97 _gtar-comnected shafts 478,79 3.80.81 -muitiple-ritesia problems 3.82.83 3.86,47 3.84.85 Stress concentrations in stepped shafts 3.90 3.88.89 + Problems that do nal involve any specific system of units have been indicated by underlining their wimber. ‘Answers are not given to problems with a number set in italic type.‘TABLE I; CLASSIFICATION AND DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS (CONTINUED) Probiem Number" Mechanics of Materials 4” Eaition SLUrts U.S. Units Probiem description Plastic deformations of shatts: Shafis made of elastoplastic material: 392.93 3.94,94 stresses in solid shafts 395 3.9697 499,100 angle of twist for solid shafts 3.98 3.101,102, 3.103 104 holiow and tapered shafis 3.105 derivation 3.106107 3,108,109 Shafts made of a material with a nontinear stress-strain diagram Bunt 3.122 Residual stresses and permanent angte of twist in shafts made of an LUST = MILI elastoplastic material 3.17 Bars with rectangular cross seetion: 3.119120 ‘easy problems — ‘compering circular and rectangutar shafts 3.131,132 20TH application to structural shapes ‘Thint-walled hollow shafts: 3.43537 3.134136 determine shearing stresses 3138/4! 3,139,180 3.142 3.143 3d 3.145, ‘Special problems 3.148, 150 316187 Review problems BUSTNS2 3,149,153 3.156157 3,254,158 3.010203 3.045.068 ‘Computer problems * Problems that do not involve any specific system Of units have boan indicated by underlining their number ‘Answers are not given to problems with a number set in italte type. 20TABLE Il: CLASSIFICATION AND DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS (CONTINUED) Mechunis of Materials Edition Probiem Number™ sLunits US. Units Problem description HAPTER 4; PURE BENDING Normal stresses: 44 40. in beams with horizontal plane of symmetry 456 49.10 ang in unsymmetrical beams (First locate centroid) ala 4034 Regultant force on postion of eross section 415,16 4lTa8 Beams with different allowable stresses in tension and compression 419.20 42226 421,23 Maximum stress and radius of curvature 42425 427 428 Maimnization of beam strengths 431 4.29.30 Anticlastie curvature 432 ‘Spevial problem on theory Stresses in composite beams 43334 4.3738 symmetric beams of two materials 455.36 439.40 441,62 ‘unsyminetric beams of tw materials 443,46 44506 Racing of curvature in composite beams 447.48 4.49,50 Stresses in reinforced concrete beams ast 452,54 435 in beams with balanced design 4.55.56 Beams of thres materials 45758 ‘Composite beams with circular cross section 439) 24.90 Beams wath different moduli of elasticity in tension and compression 4.63.64 461,62 ‘Stress concentrations in flat bars in pure bending 4.65.66 Plasvie deformation in pure bending (elastoplastic material): 469,20 4.67.68 plastic zone inrectengutar beams 4772 including radius of curvature 473,74 475,76 plastic zone and radius of curvature for symmetric beams AILS 4.79.80 plastic moment snd shape factor of symmetric beams 48182 4.83.84 Plastic moment of unsymmetnic bears 486 plastic moment of thick-walled pipe Residual stresses in symmetric bears AN7.88 4.39.90 after Mf, has been applied and removed 4993 492.94 after a given plastic zone has been developed ‘Specie! problems: 4.95 residual radius of curvature 496 4.97.08 Plastic deformation of beams with « nonlinear stress-strain diageam * Problems that do nat involve any specific system of unsts have been indicated by underlining their number. Answers are not given to problems with a number set in italic type. voTABLE Il: CLASS! Problem Number? FICATION AND DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS (CONTINUED) Mechanics of Materfals 4! Edition SLnits US. Units Problem deseription eceniric loading in plane of symmetry of member: 4.102103 4.100.101 find stress in symmetric section 4iod 499,105 4.306107 1090 Uesign of symmetric section 4108 aul 43nd aura nis find stress in unsynmnietnic section 4LIZN8 4.116.119 4121022 420,123 cconaputation of loads from strain measurements 4124125 ‘Unsymmetrie hending with one or two planes of symmetry: 427,131 4.126.128 ‘bending moment at an angie with horizontal 4129030 4132134 4.133136 seotion at an angle with horizontal "4,139 "4.137138 ending of unsynimetrc section (principal axes must be determined) General eccentne bending: 4109s 4.142.143 symmetric beam; find stresses 4.144.143 symutetric beam: find allowable load or dimension 4.146147 4,148,199 Bending of unsymmetrie beams; determine Ingest bending moment 4151 4.150 2153 4 SALLE Special problems and problems on theory Curved beams: ‘with rectangular cross section, 4.196157 4,158,159 in pure bending 4.160.164 4,167,162 under eccentric loading 4563 4.105.166 4.167.168 swith unsymmetrie cross section 41172 4.169.170 with eitcular cross section S17SI76 4,173,074 with trapezoidal cross section 4177178 with triangular cross section 4.180.181 4.182.4183 special problems and derivations of formulas ¥ Problems that do nul involve any speanfie system Of units have been indicated by underlining their numberTABLE il: CLASSIFICATION AND DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS {CONTINUED} Mechanies of Materials 4 Edition Problem Number* si Units US. Units Problem description 4.186.188 4.184185 Review problems 4.189,193 4.187.190 4.194.195 4.19), 192 ACLS 402,c4 ‘Computer problems AGS.CT 4.06 CHAPTER 5: ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF BEAMS FOR BENDING Using he fre-body diagram of a portion of « bear: S12 cary draw V and M diagrams (easy problems) 53.6 518 59,10 draw V end M diagrams and determine maximum values of V | acd [| 51,13 5u2l4 5.46.18 515,17 find maximum nocmal stress in given beam section 5.19,20 5.2223 521,25 draw ond Af diagrams and find maximury normal stress in bear 5.24.26 5.2729 5.2831 determine given parameter to mininnize normel stress in bear. 5.30,32 33 Using relations among w, V and Af whencver appropriate: 53637 draw ¥ and M diagrams (easy problems) 53819 54041 542,43 draw V and M diagrams and determine maximum values of |¥'| and |M | 34445 S479 5.86.48 find maxiequm aozal stress in a given bea section $n ‘write equations for F and Afané find maxincum value of [M1 3554,38 55657 draw Prand M diagrams and find maximum normal stress in beam 5.60,61 "5.66.46 Special problems * Problems that do not involve ny specific system of unils have been indicated by underlining ther number. Answers are not given ta problems with a number set in italie type. xxiv‘TABLE Ih: CLASSIFICATION AND DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS (CONTINUED) Mechanics of Materials 4" E.huion Problem Number™ SLUsits US. Unity Problem description 565,69 5.66.67 Design of timber beams 5.70 5.68 S.73,74 S172 Design ofsteel beams, W shapes 5.77.78 Design of steel bears, 8 shapes 5.8182 Design of steel beasns, miscellaneous shapes 5.83) Design of beams resting on ground 5.85.86 Find allowable loud for beam af unsyrometric cross section with allowable stresses in tension and compression 5.59 Design of beam systems #5.94,995 Design of beams using LRED ‘Using singularity fuinetions write equations for M(x) and A(x) and 5.98.99 5.100.101 find Af at given point in beam 4102103 5.104.105 S107,109 5.308.108 find [Mf Lge in beam SaNQIHt find done in boa S122113 find [Mf boca ane in De Sut617 S145 design beam, knowing allowable stress Using a compiner and step Funetions, 5.118119 $220,121 calculate F and Malang the beam 5.122123 §.124,725 calculate Mand M along the beam, and determine dy in the beam ‘Nomuniform beams Beams of constant strength: 5.128129 $126,127 bbeams of uniform width and variuble depth 5.230.131 5.152133 5.1355 built-up timber beams 5. $137 beams of circular crass section 3138 5.139 ‘beams of uniform depts and variable width 5.140141 5,142,143 Rolled-stee! beams with eover plates 5.144145 5,746,147 S188/49 5.150.151 Tapered beams SISRISS 5.153053 Review problems S1S7159 5,156,158 5.161 5,160,762 5.163, S.CL.e2 sc3.c4 Computer problems 5.06 ss * Problems that do not involve any specific sysiem of unite ave been Indicated by underlining their umber. Answers are not given fo problems with a nursher set in italic type. odTABLE Il: CLASSIFICATION AND DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS (CONTINUED) ‘Mechanics of Materials @" kditton Problem Number® SU Units US. Units Problem description CHAPTER 6: SHEARING STRESSES IN BE. HIN-WAL 634 642 Shearing fo.ces in nails and bolts, using horizontal outs 656 6.28 erat 69,12 Shearing siresses in beams 63,14 6.1618 6.1807 (Checking earier designs of beams for shearing stresses 6.19,20 621,23 622,24 Beams with unsymnmetrie sections 6.25.26 6.27.28 Beams with various geometrie sections 629,31 6.30332 ‘Shearing forces and shearing stresses on arbitrary cuts due to vertical sheer 63334 635.36 637,38 Shearing stresses in extruded bears 639,40 64142 645,46 6.43.64 Shearing stresses ix bolts 6.48.49 6.47.50 Shearing stresses and shear ftow in thin-walled members 652,53 655554 Special problems 637,59 Shearing stresses in composite beams 6.60 Plastic behavior Sheet center in thin-walled beams with horizontal and veriical portions Shear center and shearing stress in extruded beams Shear center in thin-walled heams with oblique portions Shear center in thir-walled beams with circular portions Problems involving location of shear center Special problems 81,82 Shearing stesses in semicircular shapes, angle shapes and Z shapes 6.87.78 689,07 6.90.92 Review problems 60498 693,96 6.97.10 6.98.99 6c! 62 ‘Computer problems 6.03.4 6.5.6 ¥ Problems that do nat involve any specific system of units have been indicated by underlining their number. Answers are not given to probiems with a number set ia italic type. peviTABLE Us: CLASSIFICATION AND DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS (CONTINUED) Mechanics of Materials 4” Edition Problem Number* SI Units US, Uans Froblem description CHAPTER ?: TRANSFORMATION OF STRESS AND STRAIN car) 723 Find stresses on oblique plane ftom equilibrium of wedge 778 756 Find principal planes and stresses 2ALI2 79,10 Fing planes of maximum shearing sess and corresponding stresses 7ARta 215,16 ‘Hind stresses on @ given plane 71720 71819 Stresses on oblique planes - simple applications 7.21.22 7.2526 723,24 Find principal stresses end/or maximum shearing stress in loaded shaft 7:28:30 7.2729 Special problems involving determination of « sirexs to satisfy a given recuirement Using Mohr's cirele, determine: 731,32 73404 principal planes ard stcesss, and maxisnum shearing stress 735,36 737338 740,81 stresses on oblique plane - simple applications 745.46 principal stresses and/or maximum shearing stress in Joaded shaft 7.50583 749,51 solve special problems involving determination of a stress t0 satis a given requizement 15456 758.52 find principal planes and stresses resulting from superposition of wo 758,59 slates of sitess 7.60,61 763 find range of values ofa parameter for which a certain siress will not 1.62 Let 108 Derivation of a formula involving Moht's circle 1.6667 In-plane and our-of;plane maximum shearing siress 7.68.59 2.70 Maximum shearing stress una tree dimensional state of stress 172,74 774,76 195,77 ‘Miaxinaum shearing sites (more udvanced problems} 7.78.19 +780 7818S 181,82 Determine whether material will yield under given state of stress. 1fn0 vyicld neeurs find the factor of safety 7.87,88 7.85.86 Find load for which yield will occur 7.89.90 191,92 Will rupture ocsur under a given state of stress? 7.93.95 794.97 Find stressor load for which rupture wll occur 796 + Problems that do nol involve any spectiie syslom of units have been indicated by underlining Weir number. ‘Answers are not given to problems with « number set in italic typ.TABLE I: CLASSIFICATION AND DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS (CONTINUED) Mechanics of Materials Edition Problem Number* S1Usits US. Units Prablem description 7.98.99 7.100.101 Spherical pressure vessels (easy problems} 2.102108 7108107 7.104206 Cylindrical pressure vessels (easy problems) 7.108.109 210111 Tas ‘Stresses in welds in cylindrical pressure vessels FAI6 IT Tans TURF 7:120,121 Pressure vessels subjected to external toadings 7122.13, 7.124.125 Shrunk fit rings Find state of strain associated with given rotation Lisi2t 1.128.129 using formulas of See. 7.10 1130.8 7.732133 using Mobr's circle Find principal strains and maximum shearing stain (in plane and ‘out of plane): T134i35——.436,137 for a state of plane stress TBRLi9 71a for a state of plane strain Daag 7.143.145 Problems involving strain roseres 116 Tz 7148 7149 Problems involving use of Mobis ciccle and Hooke’s law 3152153 7.180157 Applications of the use of strain rosettes 7154155 FAS I61 7.156.157 Review problems 768165 7.159.160 7.166 7.162.163 7.167 7.CLc2 1.03.4 Computer problems 7.0506 107.8 _CHAPTER $: PRINCIPAL STRESSES UNDER GIVEN LOADING CONDITIONS. Principal stresses in rolledsstee] bears: 812 834 ‘ind a, in beam and ¢yax at junction of flanges and wels 878 8.56 design beam, taking 0, ANd dng into account 89,10 8.1112 check earlier design for 0, t junction of flanges and web Raia Design of transmission shat: 8.1516 8.19.20 loading represented by forces and couples 8128 821 822 8.2728 823,28 joading represented by input and output power 8.2930 8.25.26 * Problems that do net involve any specific system of units have been indicated by underlining their number ‘Answers are net given to problems with a mumber set in italic type. >vowviilTABLE I: CLASSIFICATION AND DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS (CONTINUED) Problem Namber* S1Units 1.8, Units Mechanics of Materials d* Edition Problem deseription For beam of rectangular cross s loading (easy problems), find: jon under axial, bending smd transverse 83132 normal and shearing siesses 89435 For beams of cireular cross section under axial, Bending, and transverse foading, find: 839,40) normal and shearing stresses s4naz principal stresses and maxirmurn shearing stress For beams of rectangular cross section under axial, benchng and transverse Toading, find: 8.45.46 84248 normal and shearing stresses 8.49,50 85L52 principal stresses and maximum shearing stress For steel beams and structural tubes under axial, bending and transverse loading find: 8.53,54 855 normal and shearing stresses 856,57 858 principal stresses, principal planes, and maximum shearing stess 859 3.60 Special problems “8.63 58.61.62 Problezas involving torsion of rectangular sections or structural shapes 864 8.66.62 8.6569 Review problems 868,70 s7172 875,76 8.7374 8.C1C2 ‘Computer problems 8.03,C6 Problems that do not involve any specific system of unite have been indicuted by under Answers are not given to problems with a number set in italic type,TABLE II: CLASSIFICATION AND DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS (CONTINUED) Mechanics of Materials 4 Edition Problem Number® S1Units 1S. Units Problem deseziption (CUAPTER. 9: DEFLECTION OF BEAMS Using the integration method, determine the equatiun of the elastic curve and the deflection and/or slope at speilie points for: 93 224 cantilever beams 556 97 38 overhanging beams simply supporced beams oo 9.10 symmetrical loading 9.1 212 unsymmetrical Ionding 9.1415 9.3 ‘beams and loadings requiring the use ef equations aud 4 constants 9.16 of imtegration oa 98 direct determination ofthe elastic curve from an analytic function of w(x) Vor a staticaliy indeterminate bear (irst degree), determine: 9.19.20 921,22 seaction at the roller support 524 923 9.25.26 9.27.28 ‘action a the roller support and craw the Af diagram (use of 2 equations and 4 constants of tntegration required) 9.29.30 9.3132 ‘reaction atthe roller support and the deflection at a given point (use of 2 ‘equations and 4 constants of integration required) 9.33 ou For a statically indeterminate beam (second degree), determine the reaction at one end and draw the M ¢iagram Using singularity functions, determine the equation of the clastic curve and the detlection and/or slope at specified points’ 9.35.36 9.37.38 easy problems 939.40 problems involving overbanging beams EESRS PRRED problems with distributed loads 9.45.48 9.46.42 problems with numerical data 9.49.50 951,52 Hora statically indeterminate beam (first degree), determine the reaction at 953.56 9.54.55 the roller suppost and the deflection at & specified point. 98? 258 For a statically indeterminate beam (second degree), determine the rezction ut the roller support and the deflection ata speeificd point. 9.59.62 9.60.61 determine the maxinmum deflection 963.64 Problems involving the reduction of a load to a force-couple system, * Problems that do not involve any specifi system of units have been indicated by undedining their number. Answers ate not given to problems with a number se in italic type.TABLE I CLASSIFICATION AND DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS (CONTINUED) Mechanics of Materials 4" Edition Problem Number™ S1Units US. Units Problem description Using methos of superpusition, determine the deflection and slope at ‘specified points in: 9.65.66 9.67.68 ‘cantilever beams 9772 969,70 ‘simply supported beams 978,54 9.75.26 cantilever beams (sith mamerical data) 9.27.78 simply supported hears (with numerical data) 9.70.80 981,82 statical]y mdeterminate beams (fins leyree} oat 984 statically undetemminate bearns (second degree) 9.85.88 9.86.87 combined beams, determinate (with suumerical data) 9.89.92 8.00.98 statically indeterminate beams (with numerical dete) 9.93) 9.94 ‘Combined bending and torsion of rods ‘Using the momentarea method, determine the slope andor flection at specified points in cantilever beams, 9.95.96 29798 ‘with simple loadings 999,100 with more complex loads 9.101.104 9,102,103 ‘with numerical data 1N608 9.95. 107 swith variable £7 simply supooited beams 0,0 gud. with symmetric loadings SLLL2 CNTEATTA with variable 2 NTR 9.02122 ‘with mumerieal data 9,119,120 19.123 9.124 special problems Simply supported and overhanging keamx with unsymmetric loadings 9.12627 9.128.228 simply supported beams (easy proolems) 9129,131 simply supported beams with numerical data 138 suse overhanging beams 935.127 9.136.138 overianging beams (with numerical data) 9.139 9.140 simply supported beams with variable EY ‘maximum deflection for oat 9.142 simply supported beams os oa with numerical data 9145 9.186 overhanging beams ‘Stoticelly indeterminate beams (fst degree) 9.149,150 9,147,148 single span BISLIS2 ‘hwo span beams, find all reactions 9.153 9.184 single span beams (with numerical data) 2155 s.56 simply supported beams with additional elastic support at midspan = Probleme that do not invelve any specific system of wii have bea Answers are not given to problems with a number set in italic type ‘ated by underlining thetr aumber. rookTABLE If) CLASSIFICATION AND DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS (CONTINUED) Mechanies of Materials 4% Edition Problem Nuiiber* SL Units U.S. Units Problem description, 91ST IS6 9.159.160 Review problems 9.g6h 163 9.162.165 9.164, 108 9.166,167 9.C1,03 9.C2.C8 Computer problems 8.C4.CR 9.06,C7 CHAPTER 10: COLUMNS Stability of rigid-rodand-spring systems: 10.12 103.6 easy problems, single spring W556 1008 systems with two oF tore springs Application of Euler's formula to the critical nating or pin-ended cotuans: 10.9 ww.10 short struts 10.1213 10.11 ‘comparison of critical loads for various ctoss sections Wola Allowable loading for pin-ended columns Ww.178 10.15.16 rolled-steel shapes 10.19.20 ‘multiple-member structures 30.23,24 columns with various ed conditions 10.27.28 10.25.26 Application of the secant formula to the eccentric loading of columns: 10.30.57 102933 find cya, and either dedlection ar e for a given load. 10.32.34 20.3738 10,35,36 find ggg and lond for a given deflection an eccentricity 10.39.40 10.4142 temperature induced loading 10.45.46 1oaa.44 find Py, for given €, dam and FS. (using Fig, 10.24) design problems 10.49.50 10.47.48 find column length 10.51.52 find factor of safety of cotartn 10.53.54 1055.56 find cxoss section of cofvan ¥ Problems that do not involve any specific system af uniis have been indicated by underlining their number. Answers are not given to problems with a number set in italic type: rox‘TABLE I: CLASSIFICATION AND DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS (CONTINUED) Mechanics of Materiats 4 Edition Problem Number* SLUnits US. Units Problem description Analysis of columns unger centric jead: columns with simple erass section: 10.58.60 1057.59 steel columns 10.62 1o6r alumni columns wo 10.63, lumber columns colunrs with built-up cross sections: 106s timber eclumn 10.66 alominum column 10.67.68 10.69 steel columns 10.70 Design of eolurmns under a centric load 10.72.73 1071 ahomimum columns 10.74.76 10.75 timber columns 10.77.80 10.78.29 sie! columns 10,83,86 losis? Application af LRFD formals: *10.85 10.86 analysis of columrs undor u centric Toading "10.87 *10.88 design of columns under a centric Inading ‘Analysis of columns under an eccentric load: 10.59.90 steel columms, find allowable Load 10.91.92 ‘aluminum cotumns, find allowable load 10.93.94 timber columns, Bnd allowable lozd Design of columns under an eccentric load: find maximum allowable length: 10.95,96 aluminum cofarin 10.97.98 timber columns 10.99,100 steel cohenns. 10.104, 102 design cross section: 10,103,104 timber columns 10,105,106 stcel columns, reekangcular eros section 10,107,108 aluminum colurns, rectangular or vireulae cross sections 10.109.110 Wo.fi,12 1011314 ste! column, wide-flange shape 1O.115,116 steel tbe 1OU7I21 N89 Review probiems 10.123,126 10,120,122 10,127,128 10,124,125 1OC1,C3,05 — 0.C2,04.05 ‘Computer problems * Problems that do noi Answers are not given wolve any specific system of units have been Indicated By underlining their number. problems with a number set inital type. oriTABLE Il: CLASSIFICATION AND DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS (CONTINUED) Mechanics of Materials 4” tition. Problent Number SiUnits USS. Units Problem description CHAPTER 11; ENFRGY METHODS 123 ie Modulus of resilience Modulus of resilience und modulus of roughness: us 116 from stress-strain diagram ha nn? from load-deflection diagram of a tensile test Strain energy under axial loads: liao i) strain energy under & given Toad Une ‘maximatn allowable slrain energy 13 1d factor of sateny as 16 slrain energy by integration of approximate methadls M29 11.18.20 strain energy of trusses 12122 swith mamerical data 11.23,24 1.25.26 Strain energy in bending: Lz7 1128 dctivation of formulas 11.29,30 11.3132 with numerical dats 11.33) nae Strsin energy in torsion: i 5 by integration Maximun-distortion-energy criterion for 3-dimensional state of stress Lag Special problems Impact loading: 11.42.43, 149,45 of rods (horizontal impact) 11.46.97 ofrods (vertical impact) 11.49.30 148 ‘of beams (hor:zantal impact) 1152.53 Te of beams {vertical impact) 11.35,36 ALsa problems on theory Use of work-energy method to determine: deflection or slope of: 1157.58 11.59.60 prismatic bears 11.6364 11.67.62, onpristiatic beams 11.65,66 11.67,69 angle of twist of shaiis 11.68 170 angle of twist af a thin-walled hollow shat 11-76 174,75 deflection of a joint of truss Problems that do not involve any specilie system of units have been indicated hy underlining thelr number, ‘Ansivers are not given to problems with number sel in ic type.TABLE ll: CLASSIFICATION AND DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS (CONTINUED) Mechanics of Materials # Rdition Problem Number SL Units US. Units Problem description 11.78,80 ‘Work of several loads applied to a hea ual Detemminate structures. Use Castigliano’s theorem co determine: 11.83,84 deflection and/or slope af bears, L788 89,90 195,98 deflection and’of slope of beams (with numerical data) 11401,702—11.99,100 deflection ofa given joint in a truss 11.203,104 1,105,106 11,107,208 deflection and/or slope ata given point in a bent or curved rod 31.209,210 Indetermmpate structures (fist degree). Use Castighnno’s theorem to determine: 133,134 reaction at roller support and draw bending-moment diagram MALE I6 WAUWRS 119,020 force in member(s) of a truss 121,122 11.123,124 —11125,126 Review problems M1273! BL 28.129 14133134 11,130,152 103,045 1.C1.C2,C6 Computer problems + Problems that do noi involve any specific system of units have been indicated by underlining their auraber. ‘Answers are not given to problems with a number set in italic ype. voysous amg bones ‘a ats ‘sequsy pamattng yong Fees ‘a ote 2uaRN4S suo ean po 90 examen oregon eames Ja ‘peng wr sasay aw 30 19 7 pus 2acesv sunny usa sanding cu Bapueg Bue 45 ‘apa yo 24g #08 8p | ssa reopay one ssieravecs sHeeeyy ru5135 Jo sperd SEH ees Burg 2pe13 24 suonosog pu HF Sunaina ys OHSS ges sesneaepey ‘Spear eV p22 HANS soromposy, soxdo1 190 24 59264 Han sD SLSTTAS4KL 40 HOV NI SHS THOME HL 40% yep seats poses Jo 9H 30 DS ANSANOISY TUKYS ITIAVE as roxvieo oR # per SHIN J WILL rong wees Fuypeo|mua=9g ypu 24 Sea) seg pu SMONONRET NEM: DOMAIN FEIVTIREIN pospaty naayK0H) uns ‘won dng 9 DONE some fans e350, eavpesar seg) wa signee? povigun ps0 #70 -gyous jo ig suo nw seas Te 15 Jp waaay oN SHC ssa U4 sn wat soup FRAN a EE UNS, Tag tor seman SUAS ‘sung ues 3foons aap 1 su rung ABS J0 257, ‘Hepes or some aemustg 30 EN [AY por 4m Buoy sure Bs suo mousy Supung pur aes Ssmuny part BUBIER ‘dpa ns, Koons Jo ound 8a BPO REY IE WscHse59 » ‘sans Rap HUONEUDN;IG II seaveccer remy WBNS PA BGA swecus'saz wv'eser'ez ‘suaygg mmormenapn Aree ‘wold wens ages jo eg stang y suse Super may apo SSMS onpooy sa ‘#008 SAL 40 OWA JEL KI NAAID DAY SG'IWOwa ¥SAAL JO THY O1 SHAMS SUINIL AMVINGASAD $1. 4Fz CNY SLINTIS aS SUSCU ISAT. 40 BOYS NI SATHORN TILL 40 56 ‘sino ay un Pinson Sa NBL sy apa NS APNE DET BHD AGL BAC ae Hw BUNS NBL PEIN 0 54 005 rovilProblem Solutions by Dean UpdikeChapter |00. 200 mm 250mm, 2.1 ‘Two solid cylindrical rods AM and 4 are welded togetier at B un! Jouded a¢ Problem 1.1 shown. Knowing dud, ~ $0 zum andl, 30 mn, find average normal ses a the ‘midsestion af a) rod AB, (0) ead HC ta Rod AB Pe 40430 - 70 kN © 7OKIOTN , Bez Bade Zlsoy s 1.9638 io me n463 SIS om = 25.7 x 10° Pa Gig = SST MPA met (Roc BC P = ZOkN = Zoxlo°N Ou 42.44Pa oO Problem 1.2 1.2 ‘0 solid eylindical rods A and Cane welded together at B and loudod as show, Knowing thal the average normal sess must notexsced 140 MPa in either zo, determine the smallest allowable value of, and Rod AB P = 40490 =70kY = Joxlo°N 44 4P os Oo fag, TP Saenae) = 2 2410% a, = 25.2 mm Rod BL P= 30kN = S0xio0"N +2 P. = HP Se Bo? aa Tat fe + {ere . alot en TG, Tarte) = NeS8x10 dy 16.52 mm A PROPRIETARY MATERIA, ©9206 The MeGw-Hil Canguies he. Albngh ietwed. Na ee Mi {isnt fr ory ea, tha ian person af be ps eo wp te ‘loci pavnitely MaGhoutl ero al coe pepsin. HW you are asmen cog hs RaneProblem 1.3 13 Tuo solid cylindrical rods 4B and BC are welded together at B and loaded as shown, Determine the average nominal stres atthe midavetion af (a tod 4B, (4) rod Be. 10) Red AB. Pe HO kips Ceeston? _ was wer Bag = ae - ge Bin ao 9 F BIE int Pie ape a 73 ks = Cra as > Baie 178 ke in s0in _ tei Rod BC. Fe 4 - (20 = ~ 20 kips. ve, 20 Kips compression. ec = Hated 7.0686 in* Sar = ~ 2.88 kee <= Ree Problem 1.4 1.4 In Prob. 1.3, determine the magnitude of the force P for which the tensile stress in tod AB has the sume magnitude as the compressive stess it rod BC. + 13 Two sold yliadical rods AB and BC‘ are welded cogether at and loaded as Aggy = EQ@Y= 3.1416 i? shown. Determine te everage noel stresat the midsction of) eal 42, (8 tod ie. ~-?. ._P She = Ans SIG = 0.3183! P Age EGY: 7.0686 in® Ges (avsey P co -P ear 8. - O14? 7 beRe 4882 MH P Equeting Shae tb Sac 0.31821 P= 8.9883- 0.14147 P P FIRMS ps PROPRIETARY MATERIAL © 2096 The McGrail Company ne Alig sttred. No pat of is Manus be play, eorauced bribed nary fr 247 mens whoa ne pose sen pera he pls ¢* a jo he ned ete she ‘eiemore peice by Mele Yr a aa eee preps. 1 3ce aa sien sag ths Mal you asus wit pelea,1.5 ‘wo tea plas wt he held Together by asa ef Keamm-ameter high Problem 1.5 sircngth stee! bolts fitting snugly insidc cylindrical brass spacers. Knowing that the average normal wress mst at execod 200 MPa inte lis and 130 Mx in he spacers, determi he utr dante ihe pers tha cls the mst esr cal Undated Ai ence bodt docation the oppor plate Js pulled clown by the tense | force Py af the boJt Ab the same hme the spacer pushes thet plate upword with a compran've Force Re. In onder te mata tacn equi tibe n Po =P For the bolt & = fe . ah. or : For jhe spacer 9G = a ° OES ow BaP (AS- de) P, and Pe Feat = BG (de- af) ao fis Bd, fis Be (we) ds = 25.5 mm E quad: 16 A strain gage located ot Con tie surface of one iB indicates that the average Problem 1.6 sonra struss in the fone is 3.80 MPa when the bore is subjected to two 1200-N forecs es shown. Assuming the cross section of the Lone al C to be anvuler and ‘owing that its outer diameter i 25 rim, detemne the inner diameter of the bone"s crmss section at C Rn e Geometry! As EC d*-odt) : 2 4A aps a) - 4k = a3 - 3h 2 say? _ (9912009 AD = Cassi Yi 50 eer = 222.9 210% mt dy = 14.93 «107 d= 14.93 mm1L7 Knowing tha the ceneal portion of te link #1 has a uniform cross-sectional Probiem 1.7 area of 890 mm*, determine the maymitude of the load P for which the normal stress in that portion of BD is 50 MPa. 1Gme smn Seo = 50 MPa = SOxiot Fa Ben = BOO mm* = BOO 2410S ent Feo = Sao Age * (SOx 108 V(go0 nic) = 4oxto NI Draw free buddy diagaam of body AED. oT og AML=0 (0.450XZ8 &,)- 0.185 P =o Pr 1SC86 Feo P= (1.5686 Vox io?) ® = G27*lO7N G27 kN =e Problem 1.8 18 Link AG has a unifonin rectangular ero seoion fin. thick and 1 in, wie ‘eteamine the onal sires ia dhe central portion of the link. & Use the plate together — Bs with two i odes ia a _ Eee bodys Note thes ween the cable tension na oO | causes at 1200 fb-in Chockwise coupde to act h oe ake body. oye DIM, 0 “ (12 + 4)C Fig cos 30") + UO Fe sin 30) ~ 1240 ¥ O = -— 1208 _ Fre = 7 ieemao"=Tosinae® -* 135.50 fb, Avea of Bink AC? A= line Zim 0.125 in® i RDS Ks! we Stress in Bok ACL ier i + BE. pagProblem 1.9 39 Each of the four vertical dinks has an 8 < 36- mm uniform rectangular cross: section und each of the four pins has #14 mim dianvetet Determine the mesimaian agof the sterae nomad stesin the irks eoenacting a pits Bana Dy pins Use bar ABC aso Free body, R04N 0.085 fe —9.040 a AE Feo Fe EM, +0 (0,080) Fe, = (0,025 +0,010 (20K) = oO 6 Fon = 32.5 jo" N link BD js m tener ZM,= 0 ~ (0,040) Fig ~ (0.025 (20018) =O Fog = IRS RIG N Linle 28 oe ia Gompoe ste Net area of one Sink For tension = (0.008)(0,036 - 0.010) = 160 x10 wt For two parallel fins — Ang? S20 %f0"° n* Tensile stess in dink BD = Feo 2 32.5 lot _ - we Sap = Aen) BROKIO VOLS or 1OLE MPa sae Area for one Pink im compression = (9.008 (0.036) = 2BBx O° m* Far tu para Med takes A = S76 x10 m™ -~12.5 vfo* - Sig = Be FRESH Saigo vic® oe -2h7 MPa me PROPRIETARY MATERIAL, © 806 The MeGhawHi amr ne_AM sighs eee. Noa fh anus ety be lage eds src yf by ny ent, nto te pert pein a eal wc te mel seb ech and ers perme ty Mt a arial sn popr nyu 8 ase ngs ennui sca pers,Problem 1.10 110 Two hoczont) Skip forces are applied to pin B ofthe assarby shows, Kaowing tata pin of 28-m Gareter is used a vac connecion, etre the trex Yale ofthe average nial stress) i A (8) ok BC Use joint & as Tree body to Kips Fag Fee Fag \ 10 Kips Force triangle Law of Sines Fag _ le Sings? ~ Bin 6 Sin 2" Fig = 7.3205 kips Fae = 8.9658 kips. Link AB is a tension member Minimum section of pin Ane = CL 8- 0.80.5) = OS in* @ Stress in AG Gyq > FER = EOE to bse « Link BC is a compression member Cross sectimat area is Az (1820-5) = O19 in® (b) Stress in BO Gee = — = 29688 - 496k {PROPRIETARY MATERIAL ©2065 The McGrseH Corpo, ne Allchiermved, Nota Mama nay se dpliped,epoded rate either writen paca fe pds, o med beyond ts Roederer ed Citta pened ty Monnet idskonse chai Iymesee sid sti sal ye we Wet prion421 ‘he rigid bor EFC is supported by the russ system shown. Knowing that the Problem 1.11 member C7 is a soli cfrcular rod of 8.75-in. r determine tie normal stress in CG, dn Using portion EFGCB as a free body = HER =o 2 Fe - S600 = 0 Lae La tee Fae = 6000 Jb, fe 8 ¢ Using beam FFG as a Free booty be OM. =) #5. + ERY = © f SJe Sg Fes = Fae * €000 db. Cross secfional ame of menber CG wo = Ed = Elorsy = o.44i79 int Neves? stress in CG. Gi, = Bee 20. S28 18 680 pai Ae” ORATA 13.58 ko Er > Goya 7 S87 Total fength L Le Lviqepl + = 6.0074 z+ 6.0417 = 12,32 inProblem 4.17 1.17 A toad P is applied toa steel rod supported as shown by an sluminum plate into | whieh a Gé-iaiumete hole hes Pen ile. Knowing dt the shea tess Iie nr sce 16 al inthe ste od wt 1 hs nthe ain plat. stein poet the lgest oad that may be applied othe ved jo ee haan CT Far stee? A> mdb = W(o.silon — O1F4O in oe £ 2 Pe AT, © (0.740¥ 18) = 13.57 kips Fer atuninum A, = Wdt = wl16)o.as) = 1.256e in® teh 2 Pe At, = Wasco io) = 12.57 kips Lineing valve of P is the smadfervalye + P= 12.57 Kips Problem 1.18 1.t8 Two wooden plane eah 12m thick aod 225 nan wie, jincl by the dy mortise joint shows. Knowing tat the vod used shears off along its grain when the average shearing ares reaches 8 MPa, determine the maynitae P ofthe aa oad 1610 hich will eause the joint to fel, Siz augas must be sheavecl off when the joint Faifs. Bach of these areas hes dimensrons 16mm * (2 me, its avee being AaUGYIZ) © 192 mad = 192. #10 wae At Vosfore the Force F carnred by each of noes i Pe VA = (@x 142 10°) = Is3e N © 1536 kW Since theme ame siv fardure 2veas Pe 6F = @\L536) = 222kN Problem 1.19 1.19. The axial force in the colutan sopporting the timber beam shown is P=75 KN, Determine the smallest allowable lenenh {of the bearing plate if the bearing sires in the timber is net to exceed 3.0 MPa SOLUTION Bb. Sa * Ew delving fs ct ke Pon, WS Solving tee ef LS By FG ario®¥e.11ay 174.6 10% m L= 17a. om 4Problem 1.20 41.20. A 40-4N axial load is applied to short wooden post that is supported by a ‘concrete footing testing on undisturbed soil. Determine (a) tbe maximum bearing, stress on the concrete footing, (6) the size of the footing for which the average P= w0Ls Dearing stress in the sil is 145 kPa (2) Bearing stress om concrete Foot mq. Pe Yo kN ~ 4¥oxlo'N A = (oo)G2e)> igxiob mm = [R910 im o- Bw tet x W2xjo™ 7 F-38H 1D" Pa 3.33 MPa tt {bl Footing aren, P= Ho fo N Ge is k= YSHlO" Pa 4 - 2 - H. #oxioe® _ * Or KR Ae S > japeies O-27SBE ww Since the area iz square A= bY b= FA = fo.27886 = 0.525 m be S25 mm TS = a7 x10! Pa 3.97 MPa «e -2 LP Poy 4.50 x10" = pores wl te ae MOREE * Wimnaticoe7oy 7 20+" b= 2OR mm oo P 4.50% 16% ‘ ©) Ges st Sento® 28,810" Pz 20.8 MPa om at” Casio ene) . “ ‘ionic r ane eT Mr CanpH oA ceed Ngati Maly apd aged acne pone once Pee ces ere epee yr te nce See Remy MeGr Tt even epuon: Hite egihl oe na a1.24°The hyde eylnder CF, which paially contro te poston of rd DE, has been sched in heposton shown, Member Di in thik nds comecte ta the vertical rod by a # -in.-diameter bolt. Determine (a) the average shearing stress in the bolt, (5) he bearing stress at C in member BD. Problem 1.24 Use member BCD os a fee bady, and son yoke thet AB is a two force member: { Og of BOLE™ = 8.2% 400 exe 25° Ll Qin, en YOO sin 5° 18, 32" 8g 5a bes DIM, = (Geos 20° 8 Fg) - (Asin 20° ES Fae) = (7 cas 20° (400 ain 18°) ~ (7 sin Zo" (400 193 75°) = © 3.36678 Fag - 272%, 35 = 0 s Fag = 828-49 fh ZF, 20 ERR 4 Cy + Hoo eas 75% so Cet Geegaas.tm = 400 cos 757 = 78.34 $b. stZR=0 -BFe + Cy - 400 sin 15° =O cyt ase). 400 sin 75° > 1194. 65 Lb Ce Lor 4% = 972 bb AShearing stress in the bolt + Pz 197.2 #6 A= Far = E(2)* = o.ntogs in* ee fl) Seanng stress at C in member BCD = Pz In 2 Lh Ay dt = (AE) = 0.234875 in qe = = aie = EMO psi = SW kes8 APE) =o: Problem 1.25 Be c-Pzo From qeenctey, CE = {200% a iS 2h - Gro) = 23,0410 Pa 23.0 MPa. a oes vot at 7 emo anes) 7 UE «Oo Pe 241 MPa =a c l2o0 ‘ © BEE EMO Emery 7 FIT 1o’ Pa ZL TMP el 1.25 A b-mm-diatieter pin is used at connection Cof the pedal shown, Knowing that P = 500 N, dotermine (a) tne average sheuring stress ia the pin, (0) te nominal bearing stress in the pedal at Cc) the moninal bearing sess in ach support bracket ac, Dea tyee badly Fe ak Singvaw of AED. Since ACD ten 3- Farce member, the veartion at is Divected tovard god E, the intevreetion oF the Pines of action of the oth two Pores s. B25 mom C= @OP = (26\(s00) < 1300N From qrometey, th B pO: @) Ton = FE + HBC-Pso Cr2eP a fe . (BOR. Ep Ww C4Ox foe? 3S tat ce (590° + 1aS* = 325 ma 1.26 Knowing that a force # of rsagnitude 750-N i applied to the pedal shown, {otermine (a the diauneter of the pina (for which the average shearing stress in the pin Is 40 MPa, (8) the corresponding bearing stress in the ped! at C (@) the corresponding Leary sires in the esch suppost bracket at C2 Draw Tree becky Fao diagram of ACD. ee Since ACD is a B-Farre member, the reaction af © c tg divected toward print E, the intersect ion of the Lines oP action of the ether tuo fuvces. (Z6XRSo}= 1950 N = SSP HIS mm ESP maa ae BE, 710% Fe 38.7M Pa al = as.orlot Pa 23.0 MPa E(o.8)* = 0.5026 in® F mae F 8.42 8.92 ksi « () Bearing stress at Coin member BC Ge e Az ta = (080877 0.4 in® OF 4jes8 = 22.4 AR ks; me ©) Bearing stress at B in member BC > Be Az2td =210.5\(0.8) = 0.8 in® 6 = 23688 = tar \L@l ksi = TROPLETARY MALKAUAL, 02005 The McGaw Hil Comgonis Ie. Ad igi etc. Re pn he nul my bo haya pct ‘sath in an fri ry ay meas, who he were paatasunt be poser ce sec paidiie emule eke ne cates puny Meal ftir ids ora cpr, Igo ate sa tong te heal yous wag mabe129 Two wooden member of nfo rectangular cos secon ae ole by the Problem 1.29 simple glued scarf splice shown. Knowing that P= 1 kN, determine the normal and shearing stresses in the glued splice. 6 = w= 45% = 4st Pr kN = Huon Bre * (SOMISY = HASH 1O mae © IBS LOT an ge = Peoste , _ (iy 410% Jeon" ust > Fese Teas 1O* = 48qyi0* Pe = 494 LPA al ge Reinke (IlvtotYsin to*) ZR (Xihasme*) = Bano Pa Ue 487 KPA mat Problem 1.30 1.30 Two woaden members of usform rectangular cross section ae joined by the simple glued sear splice shown. Knowing that the mexirsum sllewsle shearing siress in the glued splice is 620 kPa, determine (o) the largest load P that eau be sadely applied, (8) the corresponding tensile stress inthe splice. @ = 9°45" = 45° Ag = (8OX7S) © MRS HID mae > NBS HI0" wt T= GROkPa = 62010" Pa ee ey P= = 13.9520 ae! - 2 UBAsxt0* Yleos 45°" ® & A (2st * = GRO x Jot Pe 620 kPa aaa)Problem 1.31 131 The 1.4 kip load P ix supported by nwo wooden members of tmitorm eross seetion that are joined bythe siziple glued scarf splice shawa. Determine the novtnal and slewing stresses in the glued splice. Pe hoo & 8 = 7" -60° = 30° Aor 65.0002,.03 = 16 int G = Beost@ _ (1400 (cos aot)* Aj Is Jo.opei rv Esingo. ioo sing RAG AE: To HO4 psi mw Problem 1.32 1.32 Two wooden members af uniform cross section are joined by the simple scar? splice shown. Knowing thatthe maximum aliowabieteasile sess inthe gived splice is 75 psi, determine (2) the largest loud! P that can be safely supported, (8) the vorresponding stess in th splice. A. = (8.0Ms.0%= iS in @ = 9° -Ge° = 30° = Pesto . Re i Ps She _ Lens cos’ 6 cus? 30° = 1500 I P= 1.500 Kops —e 28 _ (1800) sin ho® yt Bae @Xisy T=HuZ.Z pei —to PROPRIETARY MATRAGAL. ©9006 THe MeCesoACanpuni, Ie, 1 Ae sre. No pt of hit Kana me bred fon oy ny nen, wall eit re praia Pusan cr wee beget ance eect es ‘tucson gence by Neto er etna couse Hyon star sng Hs Mal Yo ashing ethane,1.33 A stel pipe of 300 1am outer diameter is Sbrcated oma 6-mum-thick plate by Problem 1.33 “Sting son etel tht or an ani of 2 wh» pre pyaar axis of the pipe. Knowing thet 250-4 axial force is applied tothe pipe, determine the nomal and sheating streses in dreeions respectively normal and tangential to the weld do = 0.300 m fs = tae = DITO m 2 Ve-t = 0.150-0.006 = 0.144 m A= TU 1x7) = 7 (0.1S0* - ©. 1447) = 5.54 xo"! m* Oo = 25° =f tg. 7 2S0x{o* tos" 25° Cm aye = gy vio =-37.1 e1O* © =~ 37.) MPa we ae B 5p = 250 *J07 sin SO” Re QMS S4 K107) 217.28 «10% Us 17.23 MPa Bosed on \S1= 50 Mf: = F cos*8 Based on }Z1= 30 MPa r= sm zo Smaller value is the (6)(6) = 36 in® Tne? 2S est Ox 45° i pave P Liaw BY The = et oh IPL= BAG Une = QUBCMRS) = 180 Kips < ) sin2@=} 20= 90° @ 245° —_ Ze . aie - . &) he heey ees -£ -182 Ls: AD Syig = B= TABS + os ~_ PROPRIETARY MATERIAL, © 2096 The MCins-Alil Congasis, lac All eghsunaeed. Noo of hie Mas! maybe pie artucee ahi many foe aby yes RE he pr een penises fe pbb owes Ley yu de nto teers deco peated ty Mca HU fn msg souseran yome oan mg ny Saal yom eng hoepewaone2.37 Link Ai1is to be made of a steel for which the ultimate normal stress is 450 Problem 1.37 f s MPa. Determine te ross-actionl aren for 48 fr which the factor of safety will e350, Asie tat the ink will be adequetey reinforced anne the pins at 4 and zB iNew CTTTTTi Tt e : i a Prcavere 7.6 aN Fag Oke 4D ZMy =o 4 t avs Che 9H TOE (0.8 Fag sin 85°) + (0.2)18.8) 410.4 (20) 2 O Fra 21619 = 21619010" N A. = CES Fie - 259K 21 619410") 8 Son Hao» 10° = BL 10S Agee 168-1 muh att PROPRIETARY MATERIAL, ©2066 The MeGrew-Hl Corps ne. Alig rtrd. No pac fhe Mama wy pe eed 2 iuoned ia ny fos ay meu dt ies ween arsine passe. ted beyond he eed ston ech od hac pe by Berl fr enn coma pep yous tue ing Qh Mosel yr ee sig nih pomProblem 1.38 1.38 The berizomal ick BCs $n. thick asa width w= 1.28, andis made of See with 65-8 lta tema ia tension Wha isthe factor ofsaey fone structure shown is designed to supp? load of P10 kgs ° evr osm y (lA cos B60") Fag (18 sin 30" to) + © Fac = 8.6603 kipe Reco GLAS) © 0.3185 in? Sa Sue = s - ~ (0.325 }S) _ RS = B.060R = 2.38 Problem 1.39 1.39 ‘The horizontal fink BC is tin. thick ad is miade of a sce wih a 65-ksi Ultimate strength in tension, What should be the width w ofthe link if he structure shown isto be designed to support nad = 8 kips witha factor of sty equal to a 3 4DEM so (12 co $0") Fy UF en B0" Vad = © Fen = 6.9282 kips Fae Fre * Su Re” Ee Fes S) Fre, (\(6.9282) GES 1.279 in, al PROPRIETARY MATEIUAL, ©2006 The Moist Compaes mera esetved Nolen Ns Maral my eu epodaced elt in any an yay etn, te ee wen fcc of eyes ton bgend ete thee ea otestra pied by MeGanHl oradoion sous pepeon Myon toate nay te ol yore sag eearco roche,Problem 1.40 1.40 A see! oop ABCD of length 1.2 1 and of 10m diameters placed as show around 24-m-diameter shuminum rod AC. Cables BR and DP each of 12-mm diameter, are used to apply the foad Q. Knowing duat the ultimate strength of the stel used forte Joop and the cables i 40 MPa, detec de largest oa @Q Ua ane applied if an overall factor of safety of 3 dese bang jot B asafeee bly @ and eontidensing, symmetry Ed 22a -~ Q=0 Fie. Fas OQ: $fia and! consid ering symmetry" G@— Fie Using joint A as a Pree bodly < 2: Fie - Fy = 0 Fe ££Q-Fe-O . Qe $F. Based on strength oP cable BE Que GA= GB EA* = (goxiot) F (0.012) = 54.2¢K10% N Based on strength of sheet Poop Q,° £Fay 2 $GA> $5, 52" = £C4sox10*) F(e.10y* = us.24xjo* Nn Based on strength of rod AC QrFh S04 = #6, Ea* = 9 (asoxiot) F(o.02¥)* = 88.22«/0? M Actuc? ultimate doud Qy is the smadfest -. Qy= 45. 24x10" N s a BUov bbe oad Q= 2 = HS Bite = 18.08 ¥j0 WN) = 18.08 kN me (MOPRULTARY MATERIAL. 0216 Te Gn Cone, ee No a! Yom gc peep {lohan np tray ny aan, hoa tei ren periin c€ plnofae yer chee de nian nacre ‘hiator pecied by Maw Hl fi ar nia cous reps, Hn nese ings Meme you ego persion.Problem 1.41 1.6L Members Ad ad 2C of the uss shown are made ofthe same alloy. Tes known that a 20-mnvesquare bar ofthe sarne allay was tested to fare and that an O75 m+} uitimace load of 120 KN wus recorded. if'a factor of safety of 3.2 is to be achicwed fr for bt brs, determine the eau ern sectomal ano u) bar fh bare, TONS | ae Le | f Length oF member AB : ee ty is Dna = {RIES SAE F O.8Em L 2 Use entve truss as a tree bady AY DEM =o LB Ay -(0.15 (28) =0 AyzISKN es +fZFy = 0 Ay- 2820 Ay 28 kee Use joint A as Free body 2gkw a, Ar SER=0 She-Ayz0 ov } Fe Fra = SAQUS) 2 17 aN Fre stEA eo Ay Fre > St ha =o Fre = 28 - fac) = 40 kN For the test bar = A= (0.020) = 4coxfo® m* B, = oxte® N For the matevind G+ Ee 2 120 2 son yiof pa, (a) For member ABO ORS. = & = Sihse Faw Ay? (eg lin = S222 x10) 23) 23 01 nt GO ¥IQe Ang = 1913 me et (2) For mone AC fs, = fe = Gide he he 2 CFS) Fic _ (3.2) (20 wih) on Fae © RIS-B3 10 Buch 218 ram eat PROPRIETARY MATERIAL, ©2006 hcGray il Compile caer, Mopar hs Meal nyt pierced tae pene wre oe bat a esdbeycag eu econ estes and iil cou omen. Hyon aca sade sgh ena Yn te ng don po,Problem 1.42 1.42 Members AB and BC of te truss shown are made of the same alloy. It is known that a 20-mmesquare bar of Une same alloy was tested to failure and that an ullisate load of 120 KN was recorded. If bar Ai has a cross-sectional area of 225 jtermine (2) the factor af safer for bar 4B, (B) the eruss-seutional areu uf bar nur’ AC-AP1U18 to have the same factor of safety es bar AB. Length o) member AB Sha 2 fOaS*2 O4* = 0.85 im Use enhre truss as a free beady Ax f Ar DEMe=O HAY = GISaad= 6 Ae 1S EN SER =O Ay-28=0 Ay = 28 uN . Zekn Use joist A as Free body a, far AZ FeO BB re Ay = 0 or" = (OBDCS) ff Fee Fig = GAGS) = 17 kW Fhe MZE,= 0 For 28- Brn = 20kN For the test bae A= (0.020) = 4oox/o mm! = R= IROMIOT NN ‘ 7 20 xjo% < For the material gy = Howe’ - soomot ta = BL She, (300m10* \(238»15*) (a) Fev bar AB Fs.= Ge = a ue a FS.= 3.497 te) For bar AC rs. = ft = Goby ES.. Fic 2 (3.97)(20 ¥108) oe aye = es = (3 2 264.7 Bre o 300 x/0® AT x1O"” ma Age 265 mont ont PROPRIETARY MATERIAL, ©2006 The McGaw. Canpaies. le. All as een. Noam afte Muncy te played rpc dasa Cn by a nats, ia eo ete jen ef epee we beyond aot se ad ‘ists pemaady Mette sista prepa, Ie ares ve! ois Mawel ax ease bel seProblem 1.43 x Problem 1.44 _— ions, PROPRIETARY MATERIAL. © 2636 Foe Mit Co Sande nny fa: by ny reas, mt pew ‘eso pei by ElctrHI fe he nda pepo Wes — 1.43 ‘Three steel boits are to be used to attach the steel plate shown to a wooden beam. Knowing thatthe plate will support a 110 KN lo ha the ultimate shearing stress forthe sel used is 360 MPa, and thet a factor of selety af 3.35 is desired determine the reouited diameter ofthe holt. Fer each bolt P= U2 ~ ge.ce7 kv Requived Py = CHSIP = (2.85 86.667) © 122.83 kV -& BL up OR” Fatt * Ta® ga fabs - (AMR) gg igs, Tae W( 360 ¥ 10FY A=20.8 om et w 144 Ttuee 18-min-tiameter steel bolts are tae used to attack the tcc plate shown fo wwonden beam, Knowing that che plate will support « 130kN Joad and that the lultimete shearing stress or the steel wsed is 360 MPa determine the factor of safety fir this desiga, Far each belt A= Bdb = Elia + 254.47 ant = 254.47 w1OS mo? Po = AT, = (254.47 10 V6 360 « 10°) = 1.609107 N For the theee bolic Py = (3 (4/.609% 10°) = AT482 ¥1o® N Factor oP cafedy Ess 27 Te ste ei fe. AM gic irr Ne pr. is Mama ray beeppe apes er pvicen oft pushes, rand terns Hed dimensions oe ‘sth ting ae Mal ea Sig id ponProblem 1.45 TAS ‘two plates, each { in. thick, are used to splice a plastic sirip as shown, Knowing thatthe ultinste shearing stress ofthe bonding hetween the surftces i 130 si, determine the factor of safety with respect 0 shear oben P— 325 B. eM ee F 2.15 in vt Fay Bord area: (See Piyure) A= S@.asv0.25) +( 2250.25) = 2.25 in* P= ZAM = AAAS)" 53S fb. ~R. BS . ES = op = aus blem 4. 1.46. Two wooden members of 3.5 * 5.5-in uniform rectangular eross section are Pra 46 Joined by the simple glued scar? splice shown, Knowing that the maximum allowable shearing stress n the glued splice is 75 psi, determin the largest axial oad that can be safely uppliad. Rot (3.5 USS) = 19.28 in @= F°~ 20" = 7o" re £ snore = Ke sin 20 ~ ZAK . (lines 7s) _ = ps Se tae = 4492 db HUG icp ~ PROPRIETARY MATPREAT, 6206 the MeCina HM Capone he Aig meen. Nop eshie Miva ny be cele rao ted ny fo ec yy ens, the rir writen psc ee pit oe wetness a ‘ser pemied by MG l forelegs If you clon sng hs mt yale wing ot penLA7 A loud P ig supported as shown by a stet pin that has been jrserted in a short imate strength of lke Wood used Probiem 1.47 wooden member hanging irom the eeiling. js 60 MPa in tension and 7.5 MPa in shear, while the ultimate strength of the steel is 145 MP in shear, Knowing that b= 40 eu, ¢ = 55 nom, and d= 12 mm, determine te load Pf an overall factor of sufety of 3.2 is desired. Baseci on aouble shear & pin Py = RAT = 2¥d*z, = Fayoorytisi0) = azoxy Based on tension in wood Bor AS = wlb-dIG, = (0,090)(0. 042 - 0.012)(60x 108) 67.2 10° N Based on double shear in the wood Por ZAT, = 2wet, = (2)(0.040)(6. 055 (7.510%) = 39,0 «107 N Py = 32.8 x10? N AMowshée Pr fe e -34.8.x10° F 10.2510" N 10.25 kN _ se smadbest PROPRIETARY MATHRIAL, ©2106 The MiCiaetTil Campari. ee_ Aly ered, Moga af his Mam ma be dilaet, spades “Sheyon iin fbn casc end n ny fn aby ay hte ice we seo the pu hee pert! by Mts sie ee newdata prguiey Fyou ee tang are you a ng Mt pen748 For dw support of Prob. 1.47, knowing that the diameter of the pin is d= 16 ‘mum and that the magnitude of the load is P = 20 KN, determine (a) the factor of safety forthe pin, (5) the required values of & and ¢ ifthe factor of safety forthe ‘wooden members isthe same as thal fourd in part a forthe pin. 2.47 A Joad P is supported ay shown by asteel pin that hus teen inserted in a short vooden member hanging fom the ceiting. The ultimate strength of the wood wsed is 60 MPa in tension and 7.5 MPa in shear, while the ultimate strength ofthe ste! is 143 MPa in shear. Knosving that 6 40 mm, ¢= 55 sun, and d= 12 som, determine che load B if en overall factor of safety of 3.2 is desired. Ps zokN = Zo¥lION | od Pint As Fat = F (0.916) = 201.06 x10 m Double shea U2 Kae PR Problem 1.48 ZA = (ARON xIS* IS */08) = 58.3860" N Po. 58.336 «j0° _ Fs, pt Zones 7 292 ~ Bee Wet S 3.47 Actual Tactan oP safety is He smabfer value FS.23.47 — PROPRIETARY MATERIA. 3005 The MeSH Compl, Ine All sph flere Nepal hit Mim ay bedeyed ead ebay ny fr ey au aay nla ae por ri pee she a wad ts ened Selon ee coer: perches by Meee. Hi ore dul eure pegrae. Iya Sudo am i Momo 8g # ith paresisProblem 1.51 1S Link 4Cismadeof «stool with a 6Sksi timate nonrl sires and has uniform rectangular ers section. Is comected toa support at A and to smniber BCD at C by fiatiamelc pin, while memes CDi connected tos support at J'by a 75 -in.-diameter pin, ali ofthe pins are made of a sce] witha 25-si Ultimate shearing stress and are in single shear. Knowing tbat 2 factor of safety of 3.25 is desired, deteratine the largest load P that ean be applied st 2, Note that link 4C is opt reinforced around the pin holes Use Tree body BCD. ADMp =O: (EGER) - 10 P =O & Prods FE. Ww a Br BR. = © % Fez LasP = -6B,-4P= 0 ie Bo EPH B= {are a = fiast+Gy P = arc P P= 0.70583 B Shear in pins at A and CL a 2 ae . Fret T Ape 7 = ta - Zane) = O.BbIST hips Tension on net section ‘at A aml C. Fos Aut = BeAn EVER) © O.6as kip Smatter yebor PF Fy is 0.625 kips . From C1) P= (0.48) (0.625) = O.200kips Shear in pin at . = Ags = Edt > (ZENE E) > 0.58999 kp From (3 P= (0.7088BX0. 58994) > 0.416 kips Mow abbe valve of P is the smatler valve. Pe 0.300 kips oe P= 300 fh = TROMRIEFARY MATERIAL. ©2006 Ths MeGiaw-hl Connie Alghero at hs Miva mare eyed sepa [orden any Comma: by nj means, wow pr itn ermimion af he pblabe, or re ened el Seige a ‘atari Pace Hl oe nna omiceyacract Wynter wing Smt Youse wow ate peesProblem 1.52 1.52 Solve Prob. 151, assuming thal the structure basen redesigned w use i= dfametor pins ald and Cay wel esa Ban hat no other change has been mae. 1.51 Link AC iste ofa tel witha 65-5 timate normal srs und as w $ % Zin, uniform rectangular cross section. It is connected fo a support at and 4 eaber BCD at C by’ -ininmeter pins, hile member ACD is eonrestd 1 its support at Bhya in diameter pin; al] of the pins are made ofa steel witha 2$-ksi akimate shearing stress ad are in singe shear. Knowing that a factor of salty of 3.28 is desired, determine the largest load P thst may be applied at D. Nowe tat link AC isnot reinforved ground the pin holes. Use Free badly BED Ee 4D EMg = 0: @BE.)- io P= oO Pe ode Re a“ e By P 4HfZFjs0: B-ErL eo B= £Fae = ISP Om + -@8, -#¥P=0 Py=- SP oe By §P Bes Bt = fias + Gy Pe 1uigere P=0.70583 B @) Shear in pins at A and C. Fos Ayn = GE Fat (FRAG VEY = 0.88999 hips Tension on pet sechion od Mand c, ne Cag = Bat = SE VGME-E) = 9.9375 keps Swetlee valve of Fre is 0.58999 kips Fen 07 P= (.49)(0.58799) = 0.283 kips Shear in pin at B, Be Ager = ga = Poata cal = O.S824F hips From (a) P= (o.70588lo.S8999) > O41 kips AbPewehte valve of P ix the Smaller vale. Pr 0.283 kips Po 23h ZHOYRVTARY HATFRIA 208 MeNecnw HikCmpni In Aes aed Nope o Mana mayb cp cha diated in ars foo yay menus, witout Be pu wen peso pit, wetweho md eb ears ‘corms gemind bp McCaslin pepsin Uy ates hdel wigs Maral use see whoa pemion[ Problem 1.53 1.83. In the stucture shown, an S-mm-diameter pin is used at A, and 12anm- diameter pins are used at Band D. Knowing thatthe ultima searing stress 100, MPustall connections aa tat the ulimate normal stress is250 MPa iu zach of the wo Finks joining # and 12, determine the allowable load Pit an overall facie of salety of 3 is desized, Stobies + Use ABC as free body. A & ce }F E oar Pp . & Feo ve, Mas 0.20 FO PO tam ol Peer Front ime Side view ZMa= 0 0.20 Fep~O.28P =O > I Based on double shear in pin A Stes Fao A=Gd® = F(o.008)* = 50.266 «1S im" Fy SBA, (lige x108)($0.266¥/0") 2 3.3siwiot N 3.0 P= BR = 3.72 40° N Based on dovble shear in pins at Band D Az Bd = Elo.oap = 113.10 x0" * m* Foo = AGA = RMWo HO DNB MoHle§) 2 7.54 ig? mm 3.0 3.97 x10* N P= He Based on compression in dinks BD For one Bink A= (0.020 (0,008) = 16Ox/O° m™ Foo = 282% 2 AV aso x08 igo nes) (ase niet Weows®) - 26.7 108 w FS. Pot GF = tot x tot N AWowabbe value of P is smabfest + Pe 3.72 »10°N 3.72 KN ~~1.54 Inan alicrnative design forthe suuctite of Prob. 1.53,a pin of 1o-nm-diometer Problem 1.54 is tw be used at A, Assuming that all other specifications remain unchanged, determine the alfowable Toad P if an ovcrall factor of safety of 3.0 is desited, 1LS% Ts the eiucture shown, 20 Qanmadiameter pin ig used at 4, and {emnie diameter pins are used at B end D. Knowing thatthe lGinate shearing stress 100 ‘MPaat all connections and that *he ultimate normal stessis 250 MPa in each ofthe too links joining, B and 12, determine the allowable foad ti an overall fretor of Tepuow Solty of 3.0 desined i fr 200 of -IS9: foe Statics} Use ABC as free body. 4 48 é 7 e Yon Bon | sem Die} D 2Me =o 0.20 Fy- O18 Peo O AG ; “eh 5 wo [-. nn am —£] Side view ! 20 —— gl 2) repnee e Fee Tension on net section of Sak BD 7 . Fao? CA at = BE Aut + MOREE (er57 a-aNlio™ F 4go x[o* N “Shear im pint od Band D. Fit Tape tat =(MSOMO YE Yanict)* = sess oid N SmaMer velve PF Fan is 80x10 Ny Fron (1) P=(Fll4. 80" 0 ) = 20EKIO Shean im pin ad C C= 20 bp, = 2 Ee Bat = (PVE Gu Ys 2az7d IoD From (2) Ps Bilaez7eo )= 21g HN Swebler value & Ps the aMowable value. Pr 2.06x10° M P=206kN THE = PSHE = Goxjo Pa 60.0 MPa. ait syolns 368 bis lL . \ Problem 1.60 1.60 Keovwing hat ink DE‘ in. wide and’ i, hich deere the cri sts jn the ental potion f that ink when (a3 C0, (0) O= WP tan t ae tein = Use menber CEF as a fret body A oe HIM, = 0 = 1% Fag - GY68 sin8) - ((0)(62 er) = © Foe = -40sin® ~ S050 Jb Ase? WG) > 0. 18S in® = Fe oe = Soe= Ree Cc. Foe @) 8-0: Fre = -80 tb, 7 a0. L : Ste > Sige 7 — 640 pos = r otk is jim, determine (a) the average shearing sess inthe 4 ho. B Use ene Fork os a free becky sh > By wDZMe = oF 2B = (20.500) = 0 «diameter pin ut B (>) the bearing cress at & in mnemnhor Deine al GE = 1250 Pb LER =o +, E+B =O By-E B= i250 he +t hy = 1900 &b B- {67+ By = fizso*4 IS00* = 1452.56 tb. @) Shearing stress in pin ad BL ES ls00 fi - Ison = © Aye = Pe o.19e25 int = = FO nO pay 9.14 ksi eh (ey Bearing steess ot BL 1992...S¢ 3 x pra aya = EAS HIS psi G25 kesh at aXe PROPUETARY MATERIAL 292006 The Me or iit wy te orb cis wie ‘trator pened by Neha ele ad iM Copan, Inc ABighs evel Mngo of hs Mana ay topless ie pen en hp he, bxy nde avec dtabouents le oe ae prejetiion i youare saad vee he Manel oasis wons entre ee4.64 Deteruine the largest load P thal can be apmlied at when = 60°, knowing Problem 1.64 ‘hat the averaye shearing stress in the 10-mm-dianeser pin at 8 must nat exceed 120 MPa and chat tie average bearing stress in meraber 42a inthe bracket a 8 must rot exsood 96 MPa Geometry! Trrarade ABC is an isoscfes twiangde with angdes shown here e eS joint A as Free bo. Use joint A as Free body haw of sines applied t r > Force twanade 20° Fee pL Fm, Fie | Fe Force dinGo" ~ “Sin aoe Sin Bo" oN triangle Fp pe Fm tinlt 0.57736 Fig ne Fasm 20" Pe Rete 7 Fae TF shearing stress in pin at Bis evi tied Ay = Fats Floorol = 78.5406 m* Fig 2A = (RU78.S4x/0% HjQOwIO") = 18.85% 10" N IF bearing stress in member AG at bracket at A is cn'treaf Az tel = (0.016 )(0,010) = 166 10 Fin = ALG = Cicoxr0™ X90 w10%) = 14.490 x10" N IF bearing Stress in the bracket at B is crvticns Ay: 2td = @)e.oro.o1e) = 240x410" m* Fas = AG, =. (240 Wid") 40 Kio") = 21exlo* N Mfbowshte Fag is the smatfest, ne. i440 xn M Then, Brom Statics — Puzis * (0,57788 ih4ox Io”) = 8.3108 N B3I2N meProblem 1.65 1.65 ‘The 2000-Ib iyad may be moved along the beam BD to any position between stops at A and F. Keowing that ay, ~ 6 ksi for the steel used in rods 4M? and CD, dozerminne where the stops should be placed if'che permitted motion ofthe loa is 10 fe be as large as possible. 7 Fin Permitted menber farcest AB: (Figg = Ca Ave = (GME MEY H17810 ketps CDE (Fale * Cw A= GENS) = 184078 kips Use menher BEFD as a free body. P= R000 bh = 2000 kips +DZMy = 0 ~ Gola + Go-te)P = Oo Go- wy = HO Fae. fee = 25,393 ~s wDEM, = 0 Go R,- ~P =a Yes 2 Feo, (60). 84078) P 2.000 Wp? SSR in, ROFRIETARY MATERIAL. ©2€06 The ictinw Hil Compan, ne AB his ined, No profes Knwaley de pyc, rpeduced 2 i a yf oy anya, owt por wien pennies phew weal heyot Be lade lee nen eee ok educa pe ty Mew or Boe sane apn ify ance snk igs dao nee ae hcProblem 1.66 1.66 Two wooden members of 75 ~ 125-mm uniform rectangular cross section are ined by Ue simple glued joint shown, Knowing that P = 3.6 KN and that the ate strength ofthe gic is 1.1 MPa in tension and J.4 MPa in shear determine factor of safety. Go" Es" = as” @- Fr Gk = BGHIN Ae (rsa = 9,875 tS m= F878 x1 Pes’ _ (3.6r10*)(cos ast) Bo 9.815 «10 * Tension om qhee aren, = BIS AIS #10" Pa, BS gigi 7 39 sega name ts Bf gets = 147 081 «jot Pa Bs. = a = Aga, 252 The gmabler Preter of sePedy gqeverns RS. = 3.49 —_ PROPRIETARY MATERIAL, 22006 he Miiw-Hil opie le, Allsight eer Ro patie Mana may be lad rods ‘dnd any er yan te he seer ian pelson af fain te bend eres ten oa ‘hoor pemised by Meme resol cue prepara ares snort ae ik Mona, youre ase witout ven.( — Problern 1.67 1.67 Each of the (wo vertical links CF eoanecting the two horizontal memibers 4D and FG ss @ 10 x 49-mun uniform rectangular crass section and is made ot a stee! ‘with an ultimate strength ia tension of $00 MPa, while each of tke pinsat Cand F basa 20-mm diameter ind is made of a stee! with an ultimate strength in shew of 150 Mra. Deteraine the overal iator of safety for the links CF und the pins connecting ‘them the horizontal members, Use member EFG as Free body, Fe Fer 7 = J 0.40 fe 0.28: DIM, =0 0.40 Fy -(0.65)(a4vio') = 0 F > 39x10° N kN Bek Based on tensian in Pinks CF A= (b-A)E = (0.040 - 0.02)(0.010) = 200 x16 m* Cone Hak ) Fy =26, A= €2{yo0 x10" )(200 *t8"*) = 160.0 x)0° N Barer on davisde shear in pins As Fd* = Tiocozo)* = 34g «iOS m Fy = 20, A = QyisoxiotVar4.le 10%) = 94.248 x10" N Artod Fy is Smabler value, ie Fy = 94.248 «10° N 4 Factor of safety ess : te§ 20 = 242 ~ THOPRIFTARY MATERIAL, ©2006 7c Methyl Compares, ie. Aegis soe, Na pt ofthis Migkl may be bike, pds aed any aa ay as, wit ier ete min 8 blake, ee seb tio med awaton cet saes earns piety Meu il the ee ees peptone cng he Seta ou ns wet san enProblem 1.68 1.68. force P is applied as shown toa stee]veinforeing bar thul hus been embedded ina block of concrete, Deteerine the smallest length Zfor which the full allowable ‘pormal stress in the bar cau be developed. Express the result in terms ofthe diameter of the bar. the allowable normal stress 2, in the steel, andthe evenuge allowable bond stress 5, hetwoen the concrete andthe cylindrical surface ofthe bar. (Neglect te nocunal stresses between the concrete and the enn of the bur) Foe shear, Az dl Tia A Tae Td As Fas 6alE a) tatdl + Cua Fa P Fir tension, EA Po Equeting Solving for b Lew Cue d/o re Problem 1.69 1.69 Lie sv0 portions of member 48 are glued wether along plane forming angie vith the horizontal, Knowing thet the ultimate sues for Ue ued join is 25 Kolin tension and 1.3 slim sear, dotermine a} the valve of @ for ich the factor of atty ofthe members maximum, (O)the comesponing vale of the factor ‘of safety. (Hint: Equate the expressions obtained for the factors of safety with respect o normal sess and shear) A= At the optimum angle (2025) = 250 in® (FS)e 2S )e PP Normal stress? Gz Pest + Pag AS 1.25 . Bur. SAo (RSle= BY? Salty Shearing ves: t= Esnousre - Re = (h.s\p> Bas = ‘ SiAe . TAs Byocting: BARS = Proce? Sobing? $88 = tne = + ZF = asz0 ty 8 = Sihe «MEENA SO aay bape cos? 82.6. s fee ~< Ess feProblem 1.70 1.70 ‘The tw portions of member AB ae glued together along a plane foming an Ingle O-sith te horizon, Knowing that te umate stress for the led joins 23 kl in Yension and 13 ksi in shear dcterine the range of values of for which the factor of sary ofthe members i atleast 3.2. Boz (2.0)1.25) = 2.52 iat P= 2.4 kps PB =(AS)P = Based on teusife stress Sys cate cos! = "SA. (AAS _ 5 sen08 72 c5os@ = 0.98169 grins OF 213° Based on shearing shee Ty = BE sins = B sin do sin 20 = ao ATs . U2. Senay 3) 2 0.90278 20° ca 5a" erene 8 = 32.3" Henca QLVS°s OF 32.3

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