SOLUCIONES A LOS EJERCICIOS

1.-Nombra los siguientes compuestos:

CH3

CH3-CH-CH2-CH3 CH3-CH2-CH-CH-CH-C-CH3

CH3 CH2 CH3 CH3 CH3

CH3
2-metilbutano 5-etil-2,2,3,4-tetrametilheptano
CH3 CH3

CH3-CH2-CH2-CH-CH-CH3 CH3-CH2-CH2-CH-C-CH2-CH3

CH2-CH3 CH2 CH3

CH3
3-etil-2-metilhexano 4-etil-3.3-dimetilheptano
CH3 CH3

CH3-CH-CH-CH3 CH3-CH-CH2- C-CH2-CH-CH2-CH3

CH2-CH3 CH-CH3 CH3 CH2-CH3

CH3
2,3-dimetilpentano 7-etil-2,3,5,5-tetrametilnonano

CH3-CH=CH-CH3 CH3-CH-CH2-CH=CH2

CH3
But-2-eno 4-metilpent-1-eno
CH3

CH2=CH-CH-CH-CH3 CH Ξ C-CH-CH2-CH3

CH2 CH3

CH3 3-metilpent-1-ino
3-etil-4-metilpent-1-eno

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 CH3

CH3-C Ξ C-CH-CH2-CH3 CH3-CH2- C -C Ξ C-CH2-CH3

CH3 CH3

4-metilhex-2-ino 5,5-dimetilhept-3-ino
CH3

CH3-CH2-CH-CH-CH-CH-CH3 CH3-CH-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH3

CH3 CH2 CH3 CH-CH3

CH2 CH3
2,3-dimetilheptano
CH3
2,3,5-trimetil-4-propilheptano
CH3 CH3

CH3-CH2-CH2-CH-CH2-CH2-CH3 CH3-C-CH2-C-CH2-CH2-CH3

CH-CH3 CH3 CH3

CH-CH3 2,2,4,4-tetrametilheptano

CH-CH3

CH3
2,3,4-trimetil-5-propiloctano

CH3

CH3-CH2-CH-CH-CH=CH2 CH3-CH=CH-CH-CH3

CH3 CH2

CH-CH3

3,4-dimetilhex-1-eno CH3
4,6-dimetilhept-2-eno

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 CH3 CH3

CH3-CH-C Ξ C-C-CH3 CH3-CH-C Ξ C-C-CH3

CH3 CH3 CH2-CH3 CH2-CH3

2,2,5-trimetilhex-3-ino 3,3,6-trimetiloct-4-ino

CH3

CH3-CH-CH2-CH3 CH3-CH-CH-CH-CH2-CH3

CH3 CH3 CH2-CH3

2-metilbutano 4-etil-2,3-dimetilhexano

CH3 CH3

CH3- C - CH3 CH3- C- CH3

CH3 CH2-CH3

2,2-dimetilpropano 2,2-dimetilbutano

CH3-CH=CH-CH3 CH3-CH2-C = C-CH2-CH3

CH3 CH3

But-2-eno 3,4-dimetilhex-3-eno

CH3-C Ξ C-CH3 CH3-CH-C Ξ C-CH-CH3

CH3 CH3

But-2-ino 2,5-dimetilhex-3-ino

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 CH3

CH2=CH-CH-CH2-CH2-CH3 CH3-CH2-C Ξ C-C-CH2-CH2-CH3

CH2-CH3 CH2-CH3
3-etilhex-1-eno 5-etil-5-metiloct-3-ino

C Ξ CH

HC Ξ C-CH2-CH2-CH=CH-C Ξ CH CH2=CH-C = C -CH = CH2

CH-CH3

CH3
Oct-3-en-1,7-diino 3-etinil-4-isopropilhexa-1.3.5-trieno

CH3-CH-CH3 CH2-CH3

CH2-CH3

2-ciclopropilpropano o bien 1,2-dietil-4-metilciclopentano

isopropilciclopropano CH3
CH3

CH-CH3

CH-CH-CH3 CH3-CH

CH3 CH3 CH3 CH2-CH2-CH3

3-(1,2-dimetilpropil)ciclohex-1-en-4-ino 1,3-diisopropil-5-propilbenceno

CH3-CHCl-CHCl-CH Ξ CH CH2OH-CH-CH2OH

CH2-CH2-CH3
3,4-dicloropent-1-ino 2-propilpropano-1,3-diol

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CH3-CH=CH-CH-CH2-CH2OH CH3-CHOH-CH2-CH-CHOH-CH2

CH3 CH3-C-CH3

3-metilhex-4-en-1-ol CH3-C-CH3

CH3
1-fenil-3-(1,1,2,2-tetrametilpropil)hexano-2,5-diol

O
CH3-CH-CH=CH -CH-CH2-C CH3-CH-CO-CH-CO-CH3
H
CH3 CH3-CH-CH3 CH3 CH3

3-isopropil-6-metilhept-4-enal 3,5-dimetilhexano-2,4-diona

CH3

CO CH3-CH2-C-CHO

CH3
Difenilcetona 2,2-dimetilbutanal

CH3-CH2-CH-CH-CH2-CH2-CH2-COOH CH3-O-CH-CH3

CH3 CH3 CH3

Ácido 5,6-dimetiloctanoico Metoxi-1-metiletano o bien
Isopropilmetiléter

HOOC-CH-CH- C = CH-CH2-COOH O-CH3

CH3 CH3 CH3

Ácido 4,5,6-trimetilhept-3-enodioico Metoxibenceno o bien
Fenilmetiléter
O
COOH-CO-CO-COOH CH3-CH2-CH2-C
O-CH2-CH3
Ácido 2,3-dioxobutanodioico Butanoato de etilo

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 CH3-CH-COO-CH-CH3 CH3-CH2-COONa
propanoato de sodio
CH3 CH3
2-metilpropanoato de isopropilo o bien
2-metilpropanoato de 1-metiletilo
CH3 CH2-CH3

CH2 = C-CH2-CH=CH-C =CH2 CH2 = C-C = C-CH=CH2

CH2-CH3 CH3 CH3-CH-CH2-CH3

6-etil-2-metilhepta-1,3,6-trieno 4-etil-3-(1-metilpropil)-2-metil
hexa-1,3,5-trieno

COO-CH2-CH3 CH2-CH2-CH2-COO-CH-CH3

CH3
Benzoato de etilo 4-ciclohexilbutanoato de isopropilo

CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-NH2 CH3-CH-NH-CH3
Butanamina
CH3
N-isopropilmetilamina o bien sin la “N”

CH3-CH2-NH-CH=CH2
CH2-NH-CH2
N-etiletilenamina o bien sin la “N”
Dibencilamina

CH3
N CN
CH2-CH2-CH3

Ciclopentil-N-metil-N-propilamina Bencenocarbonitrilo o bien

o bien sin las “N” Cianuro de fenilo

CH3-CH-CH2-COOH CH3-NH-CH2-NH-CH2-CO-CH3

NH2
Ácido 3-aminobutanoico 4,6-diaza-heptanona

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 CH3-CH-CO-CH2-CH2-CH3 CH3-CH2-CONH2
Propanamida
CN
2-cianohexan-3-ona
O
CH2= C-C CH3-CH2-NH2
NH2 Etanamina
CH3
2-metilpropenamida

2.- Formula los siguientes compuestos:

a) 2,2-dimetilbutano b) 3,3,6-trietil-6-metiloctano
CH3 CH2-CH3 CH3

CH3-C-CH2-CH3 CH3-CH2-C-CH2-CH2-C-CH2-CH3

CH3 CH2-CH3 CH2-CH3

c) 4-etil-3,3-dimetilheptano d) 2,3,5-trimetil-4-propilheptano
CH3 CH2-CH2-CH3

CH3-CH2-C--CH-CH2-CH2-CH3 CH3-CH-CH-CH-CH-CH2-CH3

CH3 CH2-CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3

e) pent-2-eno f) hept-3-eno

CH3 -CH=CH-CH2-CH3 CH3 -CH2 -CH=CH-CH2- CH2- CH3

g) 2,3-dimetilbut-2-eno h) hept-2-ino

CH3 – C = C- CH3 CH3 - C Ξ C-CH2-CH2- CH2 -CH3

CH3 CH3

i) hex-3-ino j) 3-etil-6-metilhept-2-eno

CH3 -CH2 - C Ξ C- CH2 -CH3 CH3 – CH = C-CH2- CH2- CH-CH3

CH2 -CH3 CH3

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k) 5,5,6-trimetilhept-3-eno l) 2-metilbutan-1-ol
CH3

CH3 – CH2- CH = CH- C - CH-CH3 CH2OH-CH-CH2-CH3

CH3 CH3 CH3

m) 2-metilpropan-2-ol n) 2,2-dimetilhexan-3-ol
OH CH3

CH3 - C - CH3 CH3 - C -CHOH-CH2-CH2-CH3

CH3 CH3

ñ) Etanal o) 2-etilpentanal

CH3 – CHO OHC-CH- CH2-CH2-CH3

CH2-CH3

p) 2-metilpentan-3-ona q) 4-metilpentan-2-ona

CH3 -CH- C - CH2-CH3 CH3 -CO-CH2-CH-CH3

CH3 O CH3

r) 2,2-dimetilhexan-3-ona s) Ácido etanoico (acético)

CH3

CH3 – C- CO-CH2-CH2-CH3 CH3-COOH

CH3

t) Ácido 2-metilpropanoico u) Ácido 2-etilpentanoico

CH3 – CH- COOH CH3 –CH2-CH2-CH-COOH

CH3 CH2 –CH3

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v) Etanoato de metilo w) Propanoato de etilo

O
CH3 – C CH3 –CH2-COOCH2-CH3
O CH3

x) Dimetilamina y) Etilmetilpropilamina

CH3 –NH-CH3 CH3 –CH2- N -CH2 –CH2-CH3

CH3
z) Cianuro de metilo aa) Cianuro de butilo

CH3 – CN CH3 –CH2-CH2 –CH2- CN

ab) 4-(1,2,3,4-tetrametilpentil)oct-2-en-5-ino

CH3 – CH = CH- CH- C Ξ C-CH2-CH3

CH – CH- CH – CH – CH3

CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3

ac) 3-etilhexa-1-5-dieno ad)3-(1,2-dimetilpropil)ciclohex-1-en-4-ino

CH2 = CH-CH – CH2-CH = CH2

CH2-CH3 CH-CH-CH3

CH3 CH3

ae) p-butilisopropilbenceno af) 1,3-difenil-2-metilbutano

CH2-CH2-CH2-CH3 CH3

CH2- CH- CH - CH3

CH-CH3
CH3

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ag) 3-metilhex-4-en-1-ol ah) 4-ciclobutil-2-metilhexano-1,5-diol

CH2OH-CH2-CH-CH = CH-CH3 CH2OH-CH-CH2- CH - CH-CH3

CH3 CH3 OH

ai) 3-metilhept-4-en-2-ona aj) ácido 5,6-difenil-3,3-dimetilhexanoico

CH3
CH3-CO-CH-CH = CH-CH2-CH3
CH2-CH-CH2-C-CH2-COOH
CH3
CH3

ak) Ácido 4,5,6-trimetil-3-heptendioico al) Etoxieteno

HOOC-CH – CH - C = CH-CH2-COOH CH3-CH2-O-CH = CH2

CH3 CH3 CH3

am) Acetato de isopentilo an) Trifenilamina

CH3-COO-CH2-CH2-CH-CH3 -N-

CH3

añ) N-etil-N-isopropilbutilamina ao) Dimetilpropanamida

CH3
CH3 –CH2-CH2 –CH2-N- CH2–CH3
CH3 – C-CONH2
CH2-CH3
CH3
CH3
ap) 1,3,5-trinitrobenceno aq) 4-metil-1-hidroxihexan-3-ona
NO2
CH2OH-CH2- C – CH -CH2-CH3

O CH3

O 2N NO2

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ar) Ácido 5-ciano-2,3,6-trimetil-4-oxoheptanoico

HOOC - CH – CH – CO- CH – CH - CH3

CH3 CH3 CN CH3

as) 5-ciclopentil-7-hidroxi-5-metilheptanal
CH3

OHC- CH2 - CH2 - CH2- C - CH2 - CH2OH

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