1

HOMEWORK ASMM
PLANE FRAME
96 kN
2

3
2I

(2)

3m
48 kN

5m

(3)

(1)

Tentukan gaya-gaya batang 1,2 dan 3 dengan

metode Matriks Kekakuan Langsung
2
Jika :
E=
21000 kN/cm
b = 15 cm
h = 20 cm
2
Maka : A = b.h =
300 cm
3
4
I = (1/12).b.h =
10000 cm

4,5 m

EA untuk semua elemen sama =

6300000 kN

3m

3m

PENYELESAIAN :
A. MATRIKS KEKAKUAN ELEMEN
ELEMEN 1 (dipilih nodal i = 2 dan j = 1)

L1 =

q2 v
2

V2
U2
b

q2

V1
(1)

U1

q1

(1)

X
b = -90o
cos b = 0
sin b = -1

Koordinat lokal

v1

q1

cm

u2

750

Koordinat global

u1
x

Matriks Kekakuan Dalam Koordinat Lokal : [k l (1) ]

u21

v21

q2 1

u11

v11

q1 1

u21

v21

q2 1

u11

v11

q1 1

2
[kl(1)]

AE/L1
0
0
-AE/L1
0
0

0
12EI/L3
6EI/L2
0
-12EI/L3
6EI/L2

0
6EI/L2

-AE/L1
0
0
AE/L1
0
0

4EI/L
0
-6EI/L2
4EI/L

0
-12EI/L3
-6EI/L2

u21
v21
q2 1
u11
v11
q1 1

0
6EI/L2
4EI/L
0
-6EI/L2

0
12EI/L3
-6EI/L2

4EI/L

8400
0
0
-8400
0
0

0
0
5.973
2240
2240 1120000
0
0
-5.9733 -2240
2240
560000

-8400
0
0
8400
0
0

0
-5.973
-2240
0
5.973
-2240

0
2240
560000
0
-2240
1120000

u21
v21
q2 1
u11
v11
q1 1

q1 1
0
0
0
0
0
1

u21
v21
q2 1
u11
v11
q1 1

Matriks Transforamsi Elemen 1 : [T (1) ] , dan Transposenya : [T (1) ] T

(1)

[T ]

[T(1)]T =

u21
cos a
-sin a

v21
sin a
cos a
0
0
0
0

q2 1
0
0
1
0
0
0

u11
0
0
0
cos a
-sin a

0
0
0
0

u21
0
-1

v21
1
0

q2 1
0
0

u11
0
0

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

1
0
0
0

0
0
-1
0

v11
0
0
0
sin a
cos a
0

q1 1
0
0
0
0
0
1

u2
v21
q2 1
u11
v11
q1 1

v11
0
0

q1 1
0
0

u21
v21

0
1
0
0

0
0
0
1

q2 1
u11
v11
q1 1

u21
0
1
0
0
0
0

v21
-1
0
0
0
0
0

q2 1
0
0
1
0
0
0

u11
0
0
0
0
1
0

v11
0
0
0
-1
0
0

-1
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
1
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
1
0

0
0
0
-1
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
1

Matriks Kekakuan Dalam Koordinat Global : [k g (2) ]

[kg(1)] = [T(1)]T [kl(1)] [T(1)]

1

(1)

[kg ]

0
-8400
0
0
8400
0

6
0
2240
-6
0
2240

2240
0
1120000
-2240
0
560000
(2) T

0
8400
0
0
-8400
0

-6
0
-2240
6
0
-2240

2240
0
560000
-2240
0
1120000

0
1
0
0
0
0

(2)

(2)

[T ] [kl ]

[kg(1)]

U21
6
0
2240
-6
0
2240 1

V21
q21
0
2240
8400
0
0
1120000
0
-2240
-8400
0
0 2 5600003

2
ELEMEN
2 (dipilih nodal i = 2 dan j = 3)

U11
-6
0
-2240
6
0
-2240 4

L2 =

[T ]
V11
0
-8400
0
0
8400
0

600

q11
2240
0
560000
-2240
0
1120000
5
6

U21
V21

q2

U11
V11

q11

2
4
5
6

cm
y=Y

1
2
3
4
5
6

3
y=Y

x=X

y=Y
y

Koordinat lokal = koordinat global

v3

v2
u2

q2

u3

(2)

2I

q3

Matriks Kekakuan Dalam Koordinat Lokal = Global : [k l (2) ] = [k g (2) ]

[kg(2)]

u22
AE/L2
0
0
-AE/L2
0
0

v22
0
12EI/L3
6EI/L2
0
-12EI/L3
6EI/L2

q2 2
0
6EI/L2
4EI/L
0
-6EI/L2
2EI/L

ELEMEN 3 (dipilih nodal i = 3 dan j = 4)

u32
-AE/L2
0
0
AE/L2
0
0

4
q4

q3 2
0
6EI/L2

u2
v22
q2 2
u32
v32
q3 2

2EI/L
0
-6EI/L2

0
12EI/L3
-6EI/L2

L3 =

4EI/L

500

q3 v
3

V3
U3
b

q3

V3
(2)

U3

U22
10500
0
0
-10500
0
0

V22
q22
0
0
23.3333
7000
7000 2800000
0
0
-23.333 -7000
7000 1400000

U32
-10500
0
0
10500
0
0

V32
q32
0
0
-23.3333
7000
-7000
1400000
0
0
23.33333 -7000
-7000
2800000

U4

q22

U32
V32

q32

q4

b = -90
cos b = 0
sin b = -1
Y

Koordinat lokal

v4

U22
V22

V4
(3)

(3)

x=X

q3

2I

cm

u3

v32
0
-12EI/L3
-6EI/L2

V2
U2
q2

Koordinat global

u4
x

Matriks Kekakuan Dalam Koordinat Lokal : [k l (3) ]

[kl(3)]

u33
AE/L3
0
0
-AE/L3
0
0

v33
0
12EI/L3
6EI/L2
0
-12EI/L3
6EI/L2

Matriks Transforamsi Elemen 1 : [T

u3

v3

(1)

q3 3
0
6EI/L2
4EI/L
0
-6EI/L2
2EI/L

u43
-AE/L3
0
0
AE/L3
0
0

v43
0
-12EI/L3
-6EI/L2

q3

u4

2EI/L
0
-6EI/L2

0
12EI/L3
-6EI/L2

] , dan Transposenya : [T
3

q4 3
0
6EI/L2

v4

(1)
3

4EI/L

u3
v33
q3 3
u43
v43
q4 3

u33
12600
0
0
-12600
0
0

v33
0
20.16
5040
0
-20.16
5040

q3 3
0
5040
1680000
0
-5040
840000

u43
-12600
0
0
12600
0
0

v43
0
-20.16
-5040
0
20.16
-5040

q4 3
0
5040
840000
0
-5040
1680000

u33

v33

q3 3

u43

v43

q4 3

q4 3

u33
v33
q3 3
u43
v43
q4 3

(3)

[T ]

(3) T

[T ]

cos b
-sin b

sin b
cos b

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
1

u33
v33
q3 3
u43
v43
q4 3

u43
0
0

v43
0
0

q4 3
0
0

u33
v33

0
0
-1
0

0
1
0
0

0
0
0
1

q3 3
u43
v43
q4 3

0
0
0
0

0
0
1
0
0
0

0
0
0
cos b
-sin b

0
0
0
sin b
cos b

u33
0
-1

v33
1
0

q3 3
0
0

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

1
0
0
0

0
1
0
0
0
0

-1
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
1
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
1
0

0
0
0
-1
0
0

-1
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
1
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
1
0

0
0
0
-1
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
1

0
0
0
0
0
1

Matriks Kekakuan Dalam Koordinat Global : [k g (3) ]

(3)

(3) T

(3)

(3)

[kg ] = [T ] [kl ] [T ]
1

(3)

[kg ]

0
-12600
0
0
12600
0

20
0
5040
-20
0
5040

5040
0
0
12600
1680000
0
-5040
0
0
-12600
840000
0

-20
0
-5040
20
0
-5040

5040
0
840000
-5040
0
1680000

0
1
0
0
0
0

[T(3)]T [kl(3)]

(3)

[kg ]

U33
20
0
5040
-20
0
5040

V33
0
12600
0
0
-12600
0
1

q33
5040
0
1680000
-5040
0
840000
2

[T(3)]

U43
-20
0
-5040
20
0
-5040

V43
0
-12600
0
0
12600
0
4

q43

U33
V33

5040
0
840000
-5040
0
1680000
5

q33

U43
V43

q43

B. MATRIKS KEKAKUAN STRUKTUR

Overall Stiffness Matrix ==> Matriks Kekakuan Akhir : [K] = [kg(1)] + [kg(2)] + [kg(3)]

1
2
3
4
5
6

1
2
3
4
5
6

u33
v33
q3 3
u43
v43
q4 3

5
U1

V1

q1

U2

V2

q2

U3

V3

q3

U4

U1U11

V1U11

q1U11

U2U11

V2U11

q2U11

U2V11

V2V11

q2V11

U2q1

V1V1

q1V1

U1q1

1
U1U2
1
U1V2
1
U1q2

V1q1

q1q1

1
V1U2
1
V1V2
1
V1q2

1
q1U2
1
q1V2
1
q1q2

U1V1

[K] =

0
0

2
U2U2
2
U2V2
U2q22
2
U2U3
2
U2V3
U2q32

q2V1

1
V2U2 +
V2V21 +
V2q21 +

2
V2U2
2
V2V2
V2q22
2
V2U3
2
V2V3
V2q32

V2q1

1
U2U2 +
U2V21 +
U2q21 +

1
q2U2 +
q2V21 +
q2q21 +

U3U2

V3U2

q3U2

q2V22

U3V22

V3V22

q3V22

q2q22

U3q22

V3q22

q3q22

0
2

0
2

3
3
U4U33 V4U3q
4U3

q3V3 + q3V3

U4U33 V4V31q4V33

V3q32 + V3q33

q3q32 + q3q33

U4q3 V4q3 q4q3

U3U43

V3U43

q3U44

3
3
U4U43 V4U4q
4U4

U3V43
3
U3q4

V3V43
3
V3q4

q3V44
3
q3q4

U4V4 V4V4 q4V4

U3U3 + U3U3

V3U3 + V3U3

q2V3

U3V3 + U3V3

q2q32

q3U3 + q3U3

V3V3 + V3V3

U3q32 + U3q33

0
0

U1

V1

q1

U4

V4

q4

-2240

-6

-2240

8400

-8400

-2240

1120000

2240

560000

-6

2240

10506

2240

-10500

-8400

8423

7000

-23

7000

-2240

560000

2240

7000

3920000

-7000

1400000

-10500

10520

5040

-20

5040

-23

-7000

12623

-7000

-12600

7000

1400000

5040

-7000

4480000

-5040

840000

-20

-5040

20

-5040

-12600

12600

5040

840000

-5040

1680000

F1

-2240

-6

-2240

U1

G1

8400

-8400

V1

U2

q2

V2

U3

q3

V3

U4q43

[K] =

q2U2

q2U3

V4 q 4

U1
V1
q1
U2
V2
q2
U3
V3
q3
U4
V4
q4

{F} = [K] {U} :

V4q41q4q43

U1
V1
q1
U2
V2
q2
U3
V3
q3
U4
V4
q4

6
M1

-2240

1120000

2240

560000

q1

F2

-6

2240

10506

2240

-10500

U2

G2

-8400

8423

7000

-23

7000

V2

-2240

560000

2240

7000

3920000

-7000

1400000

q2

-10500

10520

5040

-20

5040

U3

G3

-23

-7000

12623

-7000

-12600

V3

M3

7000

1400000

5040

-7000

4480000

-5040

840000

q3

M2

F3

F4

-20

-5040

20

-5040

U4

G4

-12600

12600

V4

M4

5040

840000

-5040

1680000

q4

{F}

[K]

{U}

C. MATRIKS BEBAN {F}

Pada metode matriks digunaan konsep beban titik nodal ekivalen (equivalent joint load ), dimana bila ada beban pada
elemen batang, maka harus ditransformasikan ke titik nodal

Pada contoh di atas :

48 kN

48 kN

96 kN
2

3
2I

(2)

7200 kN.cm
31.104 kN

(2)

7200 kN.cm

5184 kN.cm

3m
48 kN

I
I

5m

(3)

ekivalen ke titik nodal,

menjadi :

(1)

(3)

(1)

4
4,5 m
1

16.896 kN
3m

dimana :

3m

{F}* --> adalah matriks beban akibat gaya dalam --> Beban nodal ekivalent
{F} --> adalah matriks beban akibat gaya luar

Kondisi batas gaya dan displacement, yaitu :

Titik nodal 1 (tumpuan sendi) : F1* = 16.896 kN 0 ; G1 0 ; dan M1 = 0 ; U1 = 0 ; V1 = 0 ; dan q1 0

Titik nodal 2 (bebas) : F2* = 31.104 kN ; G2 = -48 kN ; dan M2* =(-7200-5184)=-2016 kN.cm ; U2 0; V2 0 ; dan q2 0
Titik nodal 3 (bebas) : F3 = 0 ; G3* = -48 kN ; dan M3* = 7200 kN.cm ; U2 0 ; V2 0 ; dan q2 0
Titik nodal 4 (tumpuan sendi) : F4 0 ; G4 0 ; dan M4 = 0 ; U4 = 0 ; V4 = 0 ; dan q4 0
16.9

-F1

-2240

-6

-2240

U1

7
0
0
31.1
-48
-2016
0
-48
7200
0
0
0

{F}*

G1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
F4
G4
0

0
-2240
-6
0
-2240
0
0
0
0
0
0

8400
0
0
-8400
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
1120000
2240
0
560000
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
2240
10506
0
2240
-10500
0
0
0
0
0

-8400
0
0
8423
7000
0
-23
7000
0
0
0

0
560000
2240
7000
3920000
0
-7000
1400000
0
0
0

0
0
-10500
0
0
10520
0
5040
-20
0
5040

{F}

0
0
0
0
0
0
-23
7000
-7000 1400000
0
5040
12623
-7000
-7000 4480000
0
-5040
-12600
0
0
840000

0
0
0
0
0
-20
0
-5040
20
0
-5040

0
0
0
0
0
0
-12600
0
0
12600
0

0
0
0
0
0
5040
0
840000
-5040
0
1680000

[K]
U1

V1

q1

F1 - 16.896
G1

6
0

0
8400

-2240
0

-2240

31.104
-48
-2,016
0
-48
7200
F4
G4

-6
0
-2240
0
0
0
0
0

0
-8400
0
0
0
0
0
0

U2

q2

V2

V1
q1
U2
V2
q2
U3
V3
q3
U4
V4
q4

{U}
U4

V4

q4

0
0

0
0

0
0

0
0

0
0

0
0

0
0

560000

q1

2240
7000
3920000
0
-7000
1400000
0
0

-10500
0
0
10520
0
5040
-20
0

0
0
0
-20
0
-5040
20
0

0
0
0
0
-12600
0
0
12600

0
0
0
5040
0
840000
-5040
0

U2
V2
q2
U3
V3
q3
0
0

5040

840000

-5040

1680000

q4
{U}

U3

-6
0

0
-8400

-2240
0

1120000

2240

2240
0
560000
0
0
0
0
0

10506
0
2240
-10500
0
0
0
0

0
8423
7000
0
-23
7000
0
0

q3

V3

0
0
-23
7000
-7000 1400000
0
5040
12623
-7000
-7000 4480000
0
-5040
-12600
0
0

D. Matriks Kekakuan Struktur Disusun Kembali (Rearrangement )

q4

U1

V1

U4

V4

1120000

q1

2240

560000

-2240

q1

31.104
-48
-2,016
0
-48
7200

2240
0
560000
0
0
0

10506
0
2240
-10500
0
0

0
8423
7000
0
-23
7000

2240
7000
3920000
0
-7000
1400000

-10500
0
0
10520
0
5040

0
-23
-7000
0
12623
-7000

0
7000
1400000
5040
-7000
4480000

0
0
0
5040
0
840000

-6
0
-2240
0
0
0

0
-8400
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
-20
0
-5040

0
0
0
0
-12600
0

U2
V2
q2
U3
V3
q3

5040

840000

1680000

-5040

q4

F1 - 16.896
G1
F4
G4

-2240
0
0
0

-6
0
0
0

0
-8400
0
0

-2240
0
0
0

0
0
-20
0

0
0
0
-12600

0
0
-5040
0

0
0
-5040
0

6
0
0
0

0
8400
0
0

0
0
20
0

0
0
0
12600

0
0
0
0

U2

q2

V2

U3

q3

V3

8
{U}
Fe

Fr

K11

K12

K21

K22

Uu

Uk

E. HITUNG DISPLACEMENTS DAN REAKSI, {U}

q1

U2

q2

V2

U3

q3

V3

q4

1120000

2240

560000

q1

31.104
-48
-2016
0
-48
7200

2240
0
560000
0
0
0

10506
0
2240
-10500
0
0

0
8423
7000
0
-23
7000

2240
7000
3920000
0
-7000
1400000

-10500
0
0
10520
0
5040

0
-23
-7000
0
12623
-7000

0
7000
1400000
5040
-7000
4480000

0
0
0
5040
0
840000

U2
V2
q2
U3
V3
q3

5040

840000

1680000

q4

{Fe}

[K11]

{Uu}

-1

Untuk memperoleh displacement {U u } dengan operasi sbb : {U u } = [K] {F}

1
2
3
4
5
6
q1
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
2.9E-07
U2
V2
q2
U3
V3
q3

q4

1
1E-06

0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00

0.20
0.00
0.00
0.20
0.00
0.00

0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00

0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00

0.20
0.00
0.00
0.20
0.00
0.00

0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00

-0.0001
-2E-07
-1E-07
-0.0001
1.4E-07
3.6E-07

-0.0005
-2E-07
9.9E-08
-0.0005
1.6E-07
1.8E-07

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

1.8E-07 2.1E-06

-2240
0
0
0

-6
0
0
0

0
-8400
0
0

-2240
0
0
0

0
0
-20
0

0
0
0
-12600

-22.960
28.193
-25.040
67.807

kN
kN
kN
kN

-0.010

31.104
-48
-2016
0
-48
7200

5.458
-0.003
-0.002
5.455
-0.005
-0.001

-0.016

F. Reaksi Perletakan Diperoleh :

--> {Fr} = [K21] {Uk}
F1 - 16.896
G1
F4
G4
F1
G1
F4
G4

Check perletakan :
Jadi : F1 + F4 + 48 kN =

kN.. Ok !

0
0
-5040
0

0
0
-5040
0

1
-0.010
5.458
-0.003
-0.002
5.455
-0.005
-0.001
-0.016

-6.064
28.193
-25.040
67.807

kN
kN
kN
kN

9
G1 + G4 - 96 kN =
M1 = 0
M4 = 0

kN.. Ok !

G. MENCARI GAYA-GAYA BATANG TIAP ELEMEN

Vektor gaya-gaya dalam tiap elemen batang harus diintrepretasikan dalam koordinat lokal
Elemen 1 (nodal i = 2 dan j = 1)

{f}* + {f} = [T(1)] [kg(1)] {U(1)] ==> {f} = [T(1)] [kg(1)] {U(1)] - {f}*
1
2
3
f2

-8400

g2

m2

2240

8400

g1

-6

m1

1
1

8400

2240

-6

2240

2 -0.003

6.064

kN

1120000

-2240

560000

3 -0.002

4548.02

kN.cm

-8400

-28.193

kN

-2240

-2240

-6.064

kN

2240

560000

-2240

1120000

kN.cm

f2

10500

g2

m2

0
-10500

g3
m3

[T(1)] [kg(1)]{U(1)} =

5.458

kN

f1

28.193

6 -0.010

Elemen 2 (nodal i = 2 dan j = 3)

1

f3

[T(2)] [kg(2)]{U(2)} =

4
0

-10500

23

7000

-23

7000

2 -0.003

-19.807

kN

7000

2800000

-7000

1400000

3 -0.002

-6564.02

kN.cm

10500

-25.040

kN

-23

-7000

23

-7000

5 -0.005

19.807

kN

7000

1400000

-7000

2800000

6 -0.001

-5319.99

kN.cm

5.458

kN

5.455

25.040

Elemen 3 (nodal i = 3 dan j = 4)

1
f3

-12600

g3

20

m3

5040

12600

g4

-20

m4

5040

f4

[T(3)] [kg(3)]{U(3)} =

3
0

5
0

1
1

5.455

67.807

12600

5040

-20

5040

2 -0.005

25.040

kN

1680000

-5040

840000

3 -0.001

12519.99

kN.cm

-12600

-67.807

kN

-5040

20

-5040

-25.040

kN

840000

-5040

1680000

kN.cm

6 -0.016

HASIL ALHIR GAYA-GAYA DALAM TIAP ELEMEN

Elemen 1 (nodal i = 1 dan j = 2)

f1

-28.193

H. Free Body Diagram :

16.896

kN

-45.089

kN
2I

(2)

10
g1

-6.064

-6.064

kN

m1

kN.cm

-2.911

kN

f2

28.193

31.104

2I

635.98 kN.cm

g2

6.064

6.064

kN

28.193 kN

m2

4548.02

5184

-635.98

kN.cm

2.911 kN

(2)

12519.99 kN.cm

67.807 kN
3

67.807 kN

635.98 kN.cm

Elemen 2 (nodal i = 2 dan j = 3)

12519.99 kN.cm

6.064 kN

f2

25.040

31.104

-6.064

kN

g2

-19.807

-48.000

28.193

kN

635.98

kN.cm

-25.040

kN

m2
f3

-6564.02
-25.040

-7200
0

g3

19.807

-48.000

67.807

kN

m3

-5319.99

7200

-12519.99

kN.cm

(3)
I

(1)

45.089 kN

67.807

67.807

kN

g3

25.040

25.040

kN

12519.99

kN.cm

-67.807

kN

m3
f4

12519.99
-67.807

0
0

g4

-25.040

-25.040

kN

m4

kN.cm

67.807 kN

25.040 kN

6.064 kN

f3

750 cm

Elemen 3 (nodal i = 3 dan j = 4)

25.04

600 cm

500 cm