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Stanford Rock Physics Laboratory - Gary Mavko
Upscaling
253
Aspects of Spatial Scaling
 
Stanford Rock Physics Laboratory - Gary Mavko
Upscaling
254
• We need to relate measurements at different scalesLab—Logs—Crosswell—VSP—Surface Seismic• How does laboratory rock physics apply to the field ?— frequency differences— sample size differences— wavelength differences• Seismic velocity depends not just on the rock andfluid properties, but also on the measurement scalerelative to the geologic scale
 
Stanford Rock Physics Laboratory - Gary Mavko
Upscaling
255
Scale effects on measured velocity
Marion et al. (1994)
-0.1-0.0500.050.10.150 10 20 30 40 50
RT
Time (µs)
 
EMT
J.1
Waves were propagated through periodic media created bystacking plastic and steel disks. At the top, the effectivelayer thickness is large compared with the wavelength; atthe bottom it is small compared with the wavelength. Thewaveforms show that both the travel time andamplitude/frequency depend on the ratio wavelength to layer thickness. The velocities in the two limits are describedwellby ray theory and effective medium theory, respectively.
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