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EXPLOITATION------------Extracts from the works of P R Sarkar:The ills perpetrated in society are in a great measure created by theexploiters themselves. To swell their bank balances the exploiterscreate an artificial scarcity of food, clothes and other necessaryconsumer goods, and loot profits in the black market. Those who have nobuying capacity for high-priced food and clothes take to stealing andother shady methods in order to meet their bare necessities. Theseill-fed, ill-clad flocks of poor wretches work for these greedy blackmarketeers and smugglers. When apprehended, it is they who arepenalized - the rich escape on the strength of their influence.Throwing their conscience to the four winds, these poor wretches taketo sin and crime still more desperately. The society accuses thesesinners and criminals, while the rich exploiters enact the roles of popular leaders, wear garlands, let loose fireworks of speeches andexhort the masses with a clarion call to make more sacrifices.(Human Society II, 109)-I have spoken about haves and have-nots. To satisfy their hunger, thehaves misutilize their physical and intellectual wealth and force thehave-nots to become slaves and sinners to try to appease their ownhunger. In the background there is a big exploiter; in the front, ashis agents, are half-naked children. This is the cause of the downfallof society.(Great Universe, 180)-What we see in the market place and railway stations is the exhibitionof half-clad street beggars and lepers - all stretching out their begging bowls, the only means of earning their livelihood. They arefortunate if anybody contemptuously flings a copper coin at them. Theold blind beggars wait all day long at the bridge and lift their bowlsas soon as someone walks past them. Their shrill cries fall on deaf ears only. On the other hand, the affluence of foods kept ready inluxurious houses to entertain the big guns of society ridicules thepresent human civilization.("Social value and Cardinal Principle")-Very often we say that a particular individual or a particular community of people is badly exploited. Then, what we mean by"exploited" is this, that they are exploited in the economic stratum.But if we penetrate deeply into the matter, we shall discover that theexploitation has not been only in the economic stratum, but also in theother strata of human existence, in different forms, on various
 
pretexts. When there is exploitation on the physical level, it is notnecessarily economic in nature in all cases; it is mostly social. For instance, the vested interests inject, at a certain stage, inferiorityor superiority complexes in the public mind and at a much later stage,use those psychic complexes for social or economic exploitation. Thisexploitation on the psychic level is mostly perpetrated, in the firstphase, through dogma.When the exploitation in the physical sphere is directly economic incharacter, even the common people can understand that; they need notlabour hard to comprehend it. But in the event of exploitation in other spheres, the exploited people are not even aware of the fact that theyare being exploited. That is why it becomes easy for the cunningexploiters to keep them in prolonged domination by creating inferioritycomplexes in their minds.And the tragedy is, that the exploited mass don't try to understand;they even refuse to understand even though some may try to make themunderstand, that they are the victims of exploitation. So, this is moredangerous. When the exploitation is directly economic, the people caneasily understand it; but when the exploitation is perpetrated in thissocio-economic sphere or the psycho-economic sphere, the situationbecomes complicated. The people feel a little aggrieved because theyfeel that they are being psychically suppressed, but they are not awareof the fact that the ultimate result is their economic exploitation.Today all over the world there is greater economic awareness thanbefore. That is why the cunning exploiters have resorted to the path of either socio-economic or psycho-economic exploitation. They have spreadtheir trap over a vaster area, hoping to reap a rich harvest.("Psycho-Economic Exploitation," Calcutta 1981)-If a flying bird is caged for long, it loses its ability to fly. If thedoor of its cage is unfastened accidentally, it thinks, "What benefitwill I derive flying in the distant blue sky? Let me pick up seeds,sitting on the perch of my little cage."Now, if people have been educated in a distorted manner and their mindscrippled, they are unable to stand independently. If their minds havebeen moulded by propaganda for a long period, they cannot utilize theopportunity for freedom even if it is presented to them.Common people have been taught for ages that they belong to a low casteor class. Even if you offer these down-trodden people a chair to sit byyou, they would murmur, "No sir, I am alright - let me sit on theground." That is to say, their minds cannot function properly, just asa bird's wings become totally inactive in a cage. People have beenaccustomed to such repressions for thousands of years - the exploitershave injected fear-complex in their minds to control them.("Quadri-Statumic Progress In Human Life," Calcutta, 1981)-
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