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Contemporary Moral Problem : A realization of Joseph Buluran
2009
1|Page
Contemporary Moral Problem: A realizationBy: Joseph Rannie M. BuluranContemporary Moral Problems: A realization byJoseph Rannie M. Buluranis licensed underaCreative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0 Philippines License.
 
Contemporary Moral Problem : A realization of Joseph Buluran
2009
2|Page
Contemporary Moral Problems, James Rachels : Egoism and ScepticismLibrary Reference Number:N/AAmazon:http://www.amazon.com/Contemporary-Moral-Problems-James-White/dp/0534584306Quote: “” Learning Expectations: To be able to know more about morality in egoism and scepticismChapter Review:In this chapter I first remember this shepherd named Gyges who then found amagic ring and when he wears this ring turned out to be invisible. One instance is that heseduced the queen. In short he used the ring to do mischievous acts, one of which is whenhe murdered the king to get his aspired position and to sustain what his will.For morality I see it is immoral to do such things. Well, I am into religious morality and if that was my basis it is. Well, when we speak of morality for egoism I don’t think thatit isethical doing those things knowing that the book says that egoism morality is more of knowing what you want or what your interest is. I think it is selfish that putting the law inyour hands as if you is handling it for. I mean you’re being selfish for the position. Positionin which he murdered the king just to get the wealth of the king. Well, I don’t think that forsuch reason then that we can put it moral and It never will.According to Rachel, one moral issue is that people tend to do an act to benefit themselvesand another would be people tend to do such act in which he is living life freely that noobligations was mandated to him.What I’ve learned:I have learned basically that there is such thing as physiological morality and egoism.Anotherthing is that now I know more about kinds of morality.Integrative Questions:1.What is egoism?2. What is the difference between psychological and ethical egoism?3.What is morality?4. Can someone know whether a person is immoral or not?
 
Contemporary Moral Problem : A realization of Joseph Buluran
2009
3|Page
5. How can a completely egoist person survive and defend his reasoning to his community?Review Questions:1. Explain the legend of Gyges. What questions about morality are raised by the story?There was a shepherd named Gyges who then found a magic ring in which when we hewears this he turned out to be invisible and thus would enable him to go anywhere and doanything left unseen. Gyges used his newfound ring to gain entry to theRoyalPalace wherein he seduced the Queen, murdered the King, and subsequentlyseizedthe throne.For in morality I shall see that Gyges method of seducing the queen was one inwhich morality was an issue. In the sense of seducing the queen was one morality that heshouldn’t do anything for such act was let’s just say against what is morally taught inChristians. Another thing would be the act of killing the King in which is against anotherChristian morality. There are two types of egoism, as according to what James Rachel wrotethat one moral issue would be people tendto do an act to benefit themselves and anotherwould be people tend to do such act in which he is living life freely that no obligations wasmandated to him.2. Distinguish between psychological and ethical egoism.Psychological egoism is mainly a view in which all men are selfish in a sense that they aremotivated by the beliefs they have andhave benefit for it while ethical egoism is thatpeople tend to view life as no obligation. He is living freely living in his own interest.3. Rachels discusses two arguments for psychological egoism. What are thesearguments, and how does he reply to them?The first argument is basically the point of wherein if a person wants to do this act for thisown good and care nothing for other people the mere fact he is thinking of himself then so itis selfish. Then for the second argument follows that the point of the action is really toachieve pleasant state of consciousness than bringing good to others.4. What three commonplace confusions does Rachels detect in the thesis of psychologicalegoism?· Confusion of selfishness with self-interest.· Confusion is the assumption that every action is done either from self-interest orfrom other-regarding motives.
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