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Practice Quiz -Thoracic Wall, Pleura, & Pericardium
Below are written questions from previous quizzes and exams.
The second costal cartilage can be located by palpating the:costal marginsternal anglesternal notchsternoclavicular jointxiphoid process1.
 
The thoracic wall is innervated by:Dorsal primary ramiIntercostal nervesLateral pectoral nervesMedial pectoral nervesThoracodorsal nerves2.
 
The sternocostal surface of the heart is formed primarily by the anterior wall of which heartchamber?Left atriumLeft ventricleRight atriumRight ventricle3.
 
A patient involved in an automobile accident presents with a sharp object puncture of themiddle of the sternum at about the level of the 4th or 5th costal cartilage. If the object alsopenetrated pericardium and heart wall, which heart chamber would most likely be damaged?Left atriumLeft ventricleRight atriumRight ventricle4.
 
You are caring for a 68-year-old male who has copious amounts of fluid in the left pleuralcavity due to acute pleurisy. When you examine him as he sits up in bed (trunk upright), wherewould the fluid tend to accumulate?
 
2costodiaphragmatic recesscostomediastinal recesscupolahilar reflectionmiddle mediastinum5.
 
A 23-year-old male injured in an industrial explosion was found to have multiple small metalfragments in his thoracic cavity. Since the pericardium was torn inferiorly, the surgeon began toexplore for fragments in the pericardial sac. Slipping her hand under the heart apex, she slid herfingers upward and to the right within the sac until they were stopped by the cul-de-sac formedby the pericardial reflection near the base of the heart. Her fingertips were then in the:coronary sinuscoronary sulcuscostomediastinal recessoblique sinustransverse sinus6.
 
When inserting a chest tube, intercostal vessels and nerves are avoided by placing the tubeimmediately:above the margin of a ribbelow the margin of a rib7.
 
A hand slipped behind the heart at its apex can be extended upwards until stopped by a line of pericardial reflection that forms the:Cardiac notchCostomediastinal recessHilar reflectionOblique pericardial sinusTransverse pericardial sinus8.
 
The first rib articulates with the sternum in close proximity to the:NippleRoot of the lungSternal angleSternoclavicular jointXiphoid process
 
39.
 
The portion of the parietal pleura that extends above the first rib is called the :costodiaphragmatic recesscostomediastinal recesscostocervical recesscupolaendothoracic fascia10.
 
You are attending an operation to remove a thymic tumor from the superior mediastinum. Thesurgeon asks, "What important nerve lying on and partly curving posteriorly around the arch of the aorta should we be careful of as we remove this mass?" You quickly answer, "The--left phrenicleft sympathetic trunk left vagusright phrenicright sympathetic trunk 11.
 
In cardiac surgery it is sometimes necessary to clamp off all arterial flow out of the heart. Thiscould be done within the pericardial sac by inserting the index finger immediately behind thetwo great arteries and compressing them with the thumb of the same hand. The index fingerwould have to be inserted into which space?Cardiac notchCoronary sinusOblique pericardial sinusCoronary sulcusTransverse pericardial sinus12.
 
A needle inserted into the 9th intercostal space along the midaxillary line would enter whichspace?Cardiac notchCostodiaphragmatic recessCostomediastinal recessCupolaOblique pericardial sinus13.
 
During a heart transplant procedure, the surgeon inserted his left index finger through thetransverse pericardial sinus, and then pulled forward on the two large vessels lying ventral tohis finger. Which vessels were these?Pulmonary trunk and brachiocephalic trunk 
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