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Questions : As Assignment of EnergyManagement………

(1)

Identify various existing energy storage devices?Classify types of energy that can be stored in aspecific device of energy storage?(2)While planning for utilizing available energyresources what care need to be taken in selection of the region? Do some case studies with specifiedreason?(3)While integrating the energy resources in a gridsystem what factors that is to be taken into account?(4)In a country like india How the energy audit willbenefit the utilities ?

Submitted by :

Vijay Pal Kuri 06020602 IDD Mechanical Eng.(Part 3

)

NSWER

QUEST

. N

. 1 :

Energy storage systems……

(1)

LYWHEEL

DVANTAGES

AND

DISADVANTAGES

•

Very compact when compared to other energy storagesystems.

•

Flywheels are used for starting and braking locomotives.

•

A flywheel is preferred due to light weight and high energycapacity.

•

It is not economical as it had a limited amount of charge/discharge cycle

(2)

IND

URBINES

Wind Turbines are used as a storage device for wind energy . Windturbines of up to 5 MWe are now functioning in many countries, thoughmost new ones are 1-2 MWe. The power output is a function of the cubeof the wind speed, so doubling the wind speed gives eight times theenergy potential. In operation such turbines require a wind in the range 4to 25 metres per second (14 - 90 km/hr), with maximum output being at12-25 m/s (the excess energy being spilled above 25 m/s). Whilerelatively few areas have significant prevailing winds in this range, manyhave enough to be harnessed effectively

and to give better than a25% capacity utilisation. Alternative power sources allowthe system to cope with calmer periods.

(3)

HOTOVOLTAIC

ELLS

Photovoltaic Cells are the best device to store the solar energy to produceelectricity. Flat plate versions of these can readily be mounted on buildings without any aesthetic intrusion or requiring special support

structures. Solar photovoltaic (PV) has application for certain signallingand communication equipment, such as remote area telecommunicationsequipment in Australia or simply where mains connection isinconvenient. Sales of solar PV modules are increasing strongly as their efficiency increases and price falls. Even working on 1 kilowatt per square metre in the main part of a sunny day, intensity of incomingradiation and converting this to high-grade electricity is still relativelyinefficient, though it has been the subject of much research over severaldecades. But the cost per unit of electricity - at least ten times that of conventional sources, limits its potential to supplementary applicationson buildings where its maximum supply coincides with peak demand.

(4)

UCLEAR

REACTOR

These can be used to store the nuclear energy. In the future nuclear power will make use of fast neutron reactors. As well as utilizing about 60 timesthe amount of energy from uranium, they will unlock the potential of usingeven more abundant thorium as a fuel. In addition, some 1.5 million tonnesof depleted uranium now seen by some people as little more than a waste, becomes a fuel resource. In effect, they will ‘renew’ their own fuel resourceas they operate. The consequence of this is that the available resource of fuel for fast neutron reactors is so plentiful that under no practical termswould the fuel source be significantly depleted.

(5)

UMPED

YDROELECTRIC

NERGY

TORAGE

It consists of two large reservoirs located atdifferent elevations.During peak demand, water isreleased from the upper reservoir.If Productionexceeds Demand, water is pumped up and storedin the upper reservoir.Pump used is a CombinedMotor and Dynamo.

DVANTAGES

AND

DISADVANTAGES

•

Most effective with largest capacity of electricity (over2000 MW).

•

Energy density = 0.001MJ/Kg, η=0.8