WAL-MART GLOBAL STRATERGY.
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INTRODUCTION TO GLOBALIZATION STRATEGY IN RELATION TO RETAILING
Globalization refers to growing economic interdependence among countries as reflected inincreasing cross-border flows of three types of entities: goods and services, capital andknowhow The term globalization can relate to any of several levels of aggregation: the entireworld, a specific country, a specific industry, a specific company, or even a specific line of business or functional activity within the company.The most strategic expansion routes for international retail expansion are global andmultinational strategies). Global retailers replicate a standard format throughout theirexpansion worldwide while multinational strategies result in adaptation of their retail offering.
Multinational retailer’s expansion is generally slower than global retail
ers and the managementis decentralized. Multinational target markets in closer proximity. International expansions of retailers are challenging and unpredictable, and a slow approach is healthyAs markets evolve, differentiation becomes more important. I
t’s interesting to note, most of
the industries, practically all the industries are attempting to globalize today like theautomobile industry has done over the last few decades. Automobile industry peaked duringthe 1950s and since then there has been a d
ecline and ever since it’s been growth of the major
players and consolidation of the smaller ones. Success in the motor industry comes not fromsize and scale but from developing competitive advantages in operations and marketing theseadvantages internationally.
Global brands are a recent phenomenon. Until 10 to 15 years there weren’t any global brands,
many companies were multinationals tending to function as a collection of individualenterprises with separate factories and different products in each country. The manifesto of
global brands emerged in 1983 when Theodore Levitt published “The Globalization of Markets”.
It was the emergence of homogenization. Enabling this was technology with mass transport andcommunication and the disappearance of national tastes and preferences. The multinationalcorporation operates in a number of countries and adjusts its products and practices in each athigh relative costs. The global corporation operates with resolute constancy at low cost, as if the entire world were a single entity; it sells the same things in the same way everywhere.
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FACTORS DETERMINING THE EXTENT AND NATURE OF GLOBALISATION IN ANINDUSTRY:
Market driversCost driversGovernment driversCompetitive drivers
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GLOBAL BUSINESS
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COMPETITIVENESS
This refers to the ability of a country (or firm) to provide goods and services whichprovide better value than their overseas rivals.
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C SUPER
it is good.distribution could be better