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Pharmacology – Part 2 14Mar2009DO NOT DISTRIBUTE - 1 -
1 – General Principles of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
1) Antibiotics are chemicals produced by which of the following?a) Cancer cells b) Virusesc) Bacteriad) Fungie) Microorganisms2) When choosing antibiotics for chemotherapy, critically ill patients need immediateadministration of drugs covering infection by both gram-positive and gram-negativeclasses of organisms. This is known as:a) Site-specific therapy b) Sensitivityc) Cost-effective therapyd) Empiric therapye) Selective toxicity3) Imipenem/Cilastatin is an example of a:a) Narrow spectrum antibiotic b) Combination broad spectrum antibioticc) Single broad spectrum antibioticd) Gram-positive antibiotice) Gram-negative antibioticf) Anaerobic antibiotic4) A patient presents with a rapid heart rate, fever, and diaphoresis. Infection is highlysuspected and a blood sample is sent to the lab. In the disk diffusion method for labtesting cultured bacteria, what would a large zone of inhibition indicate?a) Drug sensitivity b) Drug resistancec) Presence of anaerobic bacteriad) Presence of gram-positive bacteriae) Presence of gram-negative bacteria5) Several families of drugs such as penicillins and cephalosporins act to ____ the bacterial ____ and thereby promoting lysis. The mechanism is through prevention of murein (peptidoglycan) synthesis.a) Weaken; Cell membrane b) Weaken; Cell wallc) Strengthen; Cell membraned) Strengthen; Cell wall6) Which of the following would be a quantitative method of measuring selectivetoxicity?a) Equilibrium dissociation constant b) Toxic dosagec) Effective dosaged) Sensitivitye) Therapeutic index
 
Pharmacology – Part 2 14Mar2009DO NOT DISTRIBUTE - 2 -7) The enzyme that sulfonamides inhibit (para-aminobenzoic acid, PABA) is needed for  bacterial production of which of the following, which is required for synthesis of DNA,RNA, and protein?a) Murein b) Niacinc) Folic acidd) Arachidonic acide) Phosphodiesterase8) Bactrim is an effective and cheap medication containing a sulphonamide andtrimethoprim. Which enzyme is targeted by trimethoprim?a) Monohydropteroate synthase b) Monohydrofolate reductasec) Dihydropteroate synthased) Dihydrofolate reductase9) When prescribing Bactrim, care must be taken for patients with glucose-6-phosphatedeficiencies. In which of the following cases is Bactrim contraindicated?a) Gram-negative infected patients b) Hemological deficiency patientsc) Congestive heart failure patientsd) Thyroid hormone deficiency patientse) Alcoholics10) Fluoroquinolones works by which of the following mechanisms?a) Disruption of protein synthesis via ribosomes b) Inhibition of DNA gyrasec) Inhibition of reverse transcriptased) Inhibition of fungal membrane11) Erythromycin works by which of the following mechanisms?a) Disruption of protein synthesis via ribosomes b) Inhibition of DNA gyrasec) Inhibition of reverse transcriptased) Inhibition of fungal membrane12) Which of the following mechanisms is NOT correctly matched with the drug?a) Vancomycin; Inhibitor of cell wall synthesis b) Amphotericin B; Disruption of cell wall membranec) Tetracyclines: Bacteriostatic inhibitor of protein synthesisd) Ketokonazole; Disruption of cell wall membranee) Rifampin; Inhibitor of cell wall synthesis13) Which of the following is NOT an antibiotic?a) Flucytosine b) Clindamycinc) Fluroquinoloned) Imipeneme) Cephalosporin14) Which of the following is a prodrug (must be activated by bacterial catalase) andworks by inhibiting mycolic acid synthesis?a) Flucytosine
 
Pharmacology – Part 2 14Mar2009DO NOT DISTRIBUTE - 3 - b) Acyclovir c) Zidovudined) Isoniazide) Pyrazinamine15) Which of the following drugs does NOT inhibit viral enzymes?a) Acyclovir  b) Zidovudinec) Ethambutold) Saquinavir e) Indinavir 16) What is the mechanism of action for the drug amantadine, which is used against typeA influenza?a) Antimetabolite b) Interference with synthesis of bacterial DNA or RNAc) Viral enzyme inhibitor d) Mycolic acid synthesis inhibitor e) Unknown
Match the drug with the inhibited ribosomal subunit:
17) Tetracycline a) 30s inhibitor 18) Clindamycin b) 50s inhibitor 19) Gentamicin20) Erythromycin21) Streptomycin22) Chloramphenical23) Spectinomycin24) Which of the following types of drugs disrupts the DNA unwinding process?a) Penicillins b) Cephalosporinsc) Macrolidesd) Aminoglycosidese) Fluoroquinolonesf) Sulfonamides
Match the type of targeting with the mechanism or example:
25) Bacterial cell wall synthesis inhibitors a) Common targeting26) Drug targets protein isoform; DHFR inhibitor b) Unique targeting27) Drug targets metabolic pathway; 5-Fluorouracil c) Selective targeting28) Which of the following narrow spectrum antimicrobial drugs would affect gram-negative aerobes (versus gram-positive cocci/bacilli)?a) Nafcillin b) Vancomycinc) Gentamycind) Erythromycine) Clindamycin29) Which of the following would NOT be a narrow spectrum antibiotic used for 
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
?a) Isonizid
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Raynald Horat

DUDE!!!!!!! You just saved my life!!! I have a pharmacology test tomorrow and I haven't studied yet. do you have the answers too? Please let me know. feel free to write me in my inbox

reply10 / 24 / 2010
hyds

thank you.. may God bless you always ...

reply02 / 10 / 2010
Mark Llego

do you have other pharmacology questions.. not the introduction of pharma.. please send me a copy mllego11@yahoo.com thanks

reply01 / 21 / 2010
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