YSM Simamora, E. Suharno, M. Syaikhudin, “Active surge control of centrifugalcompressor using self-tuning fuzzy approach”,
Orbith
vol. 5 No. 1 Mar. 2009,pp 222-229; ISSN : 1858-2095
Active Surge Control of Centrifugal Compressorusing Self-Tuning Fuzzy Approach
Yohannes S.M. Simamora, Edy Suharno, Muhamad Syaikhudin
Mechanical Engineering Study Program – Politeknik PurbayaJl. Pancakarya No. 1 Talang, Kabupaten Tegal-Indonesia 52193Phone.: (0283) 3447340; Fax.: (0283) 3447340; e-mail : simamora@me.purbaya.ac.id
Abstracts
Surge in centrifugal compressor is flow stable oscillation with a large-amplitude. Since it decreases performanceand even may damage the compressor, surge is highly undesired in compressor operation. To overcome the surge problem, two common methods applied are surge avoidance and active surge control. The last mentioned method seem more promising since it can extend the compressor operation range. In this paper, we present self-tuning fuzzy(STF) controller as an approach on active surge control method. The controller consists of two level of fuzzycontrollers. The first level controller acts as the plant controller, while the second one provides parameter tuning of the first level controller. By simulations, we demonstrate that STF can manage the compressor operation from getting surge in several reference points in the surge region.
Keywords
: “surge”, “compressor“, “self-tuning fuzzy”
1.Introduction
Surge is a large-amplitude stable
oscillation
of flow of centrifugal compressor, and ischaracterized by limit cycle in compressor map. It occurs when the compression system is unableto keep forward flow through the compressor due to an increasing pressure and flow reversal. Ina compressor map view, compressor undergoes surge if it operates at any point at the left side of the surge line.Surge is an unexpected operating condition of compressor, since it limits the compressor operating range and may even damage the compressor. As an example, problems occur followinga long time surge are temperature rise, compressor load, and stress of compressor components,all occur in every surge cycle (Brown, 2005) .A classic approach to overcome compressor surge is
surge avoidance
or anti surge (Gravdahl,1998), (Willems, 2000) and (van Helvoirt, 2007). The basic idea of surge avoidance is to managethe compressor operating point stay at the right side of the surge line.Still used in many applications, surge avoidance approach, however, has several drawbacks(Gravdahl, 1998). It is worth concluding the drawbacks of surge avoidance approach lie in thenature of the approach itself, that is to limit the compressor operating area.As alternative to surge avoidance approach, active surge control is introduced. Unlike its passivecounterpart, active surge control is intended dealing with the surge, instead of avoiding it.According to Gravdahl (1998), active surge control approach is stabilizing some part of theunstable area in the compressor map using feedback.The aim of active surge control, thus, is to keep the compressor operation stable, even at the leftside of the surge line. It means that compressor have an extended operating area. Hence, anoperating area extension becomes significant advantage of active surge control approach.Introduced in 1989 by Epstein, Ffowcs Williams, and Greitzer (Gravdahl, 1998), research onactive surge control approach has become extensive ever since. Active surge control experimentsusing feedback proportional controller, with variations in sensor and actuator were listed inWillems (2000). Literature also reports active surge control approach using PI and adaptivecontrol (Gravdahl, 1998), fuzzy control (Al-Mawali and Zhang, 2006), and Linear Quadratic1
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