Micro-organisms

Microbes
 Micro-organisms

bacteria viruses fungi

Microbes and diseases they cause

bacteria viruses fungi

Boils Chicken pox Athletes foot

Diphtheria Common cold Ringworm
Salmonella Hepatitus Thrush
Gonorrhoea Influenza (flu)
Syphilis Measles
Tetanus Mumps
Typhoid Polio
Tuberculosis Warts
AIDS
Name of bacteria
 Bacteria are named according to their
shape

spiral shape rod shape spherical shape

Some
TheThe bacteria
have
cellcell flagella,
wall
are
membrane maintains
surrounded
which help
the
controls by
shape
thethe
a capsule,
bacterium
of the bacterium
movement ofwhich
to move
is a
material
Bacteria Structure
The
slimynuclear
around
in andprotectivematerial
out of the layer controls cell processes.
bacterium
Bacterial Reproduction
 Bacteria reproduce by binary fission
(this means they split in two)

Bacterial growth animation

Time (min) Number
0 1
40 4
80 16
120 64
160 256
200 1024
240 4096
280 16384
320 65536
360 262144
400 1048576 This rapid increase in numbers is
called exponential growth
The number of bacteria will not go on increasing. Lack of
food or space or build-up of toxic waste products from the
bacteria will cause the numbers to level off and then
decrease
Bacterial Mode of Life
 Bacteria are consumers – they do not make
their own food
 Parasitic bacteria feed off living material
 Saprophytic bacteria live on dead plant
and animal matter
Extra-cellular digestion
 Bacteria feed by producing enzymes which pass
out of the cell membrane
 The enzymes break down the food outside the
bacteria
 The broken-down food then enters the bacteria
through the cell membrane
 This process is called extra-cellular digestion