Conics Definition

Circle The locus of points on a plane that are a certain distance from a central point.

Graph

Ellipse The locus of points for which the sum of the distances from each point to two fixed points is equal. Horizontal:

Vertical:

Rule Alternate form of rule

x+y=r
x y + =1 4 4 is the same as; x+y=4 -center

Parts

x y + =1 a b 3x+5y=15 is the same as; x y + =1 5 3 -major axis: line joining 2 vertex -semi-major axis: line joining center to 1 vertex -minor axis: line joining 2co-vertex

-semi-minor axis: line joining center to 1 co-vertex -foci -center -vertices -co-vertices -focal radii(L1,L2) Parameters r=radius a: length from center to vertex on x axis. b: length from center to vertex on y-axis. Formulas none Horizontal: for parts major axis= 2a minor axis= 2b L1+L2= 2a foci(c)= c=a-b Vertical: major axis= 2b minor axis= 2a L1+L2= 2b foci(c)= c=b-a Properties none Major axis= L1+L2 Comparison A circle is an ellipse whos major and minor axis are equal.

Conics Definition

Graph

Hyperbola The locus of points for which the difference of the distances from two given points is a constant. Horizontal:

Parabola The locus of points equidistant from a fixed line and a fixed point not on the line. Horizontal, positive:

focus : (h, k+c) directrix : y=k-c

Vertical:

Horizontal, negative :

focus : (h, k-c) directrix : y=k+c Vertical, positive :

focus : (h+c, k) directrix : x=h-c

Vertical, negative :

Rule

Horizontal: x y =1 a b Vertical: x y y x = 1 or =1 a b b a Horizontal: 3x- 5y=15 is the same as; x y =1 5 3 Vertical: 5y - 3x=15 is the same as; y x =1 3 5 -center -transverse axis -vertices -foci -focal radii (L1, L2) -asymptote -conjugate axis a: length from center to vertex b: length from center to conjugate

Alternate form of rule

focus : (h-c, k) directrix : x=h+c Horizontal: y=a(x-h)+k positive; a>0 negative; a<0 Vertical: x=a(y-k)+h positive; a>0 negative; a<0 Horizontal: (x-1)=2(y+3) is the same as; y=0.5(x-1)-3 Vertical: (y+2)= -8(x+1) is the same as; x= -0.125(y+2)-1 -vertex (h,k) -focus -directrix -focal radii (L1, L2) -c (distance from vertex to focus)=(distance from vertex to directrix) a: vertical change (shrink or stretch-wider/thinner)

Parts

Parameters

axis.

Formulas for parts

Horizontal: Transverse axis= 2a Conjugate axis= 2b Vertical: Transverse axis= 2b Conjugate axis= 2a General: Foci(c): c=a+b Asymptotes; y=(b/a)x and y=(-b/a)x Properties Difference between L1 and L2= transverse axis. Comparison Same formula as an ellipse (when looking at horizontal hyperbolas), but with a negative sign instead of a +.

h: translation left or right (x-axis) k: translation up or down (y-axis) (h,k) is the vertex. 1 Focus; c = 4a

L1=L2 A parabola looks like a curvier hyperbola without asymptotes.