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2012

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|x1 x2 x3x| = |x1|| x2||x3|| x|
|x| = |x|

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x0 a 0 2x0 a x0

a
2

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x x0 x , x0 x0 , +

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2
2
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x6 6x3 13 x6 6x3 9 4 x3 3 4 0 ,
2

B x 6 6x3 13 x3 3 4 x3 3 4 x6 6x3 13
2

A x 4 x2 3

B x2 2x 5


x 4 x2 3 x 4 x2 3 0 ,

A x 4 x 2 3 x 4 x 2 3 x 4 x2 3

x2 2x 5 x2 2x 5 x2 2x 1 4 x 1 2 4 0 ,

2
2
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A 4 x2 2x 1 x2 4 4x


x2 2x 1 x 1 2 0 , 4 x2 2x 1 4 x 1 2 4 x 1 2 0
2

4 x2 2x 1 4 x 1 4 x 1 x2 2x 5

x2 4 0 , x2 4 4x x2 4x 4 x 2 2 x 2 2 x2 4x 4 .
A x2 2x 5 x2 4x 4 6x 1

A 2x 3 2x x x x x

xZ


2x 3 2x 2x 23 2x 2x 23 1 7 2x 0 , 2x 3 2x 7 2x 7 2x
x x x x 0 , x x x x
x x x x 0 , x x x x
A 7 2x x x x x 7 2x x x x x 7 2x 2x

A x 1 x 3 1 < <3

1 x 3 ,
x 1 x 1 0 x 1 x 1
x 3 x 3 0 x 3 x 3 x 3 .

A x 1 x 3 x 1 x 3 2

=2



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a
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2

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a

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x 1 0 x 1 x 1 x 1 x 1
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3 1
2+1 <1

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( )

A 2x x 2 x 1

x R


+1=0 =-1
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+1 , -2

-
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+
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x 1 x 1 0 x 2 0 ,
A 2x x 2 x 1 2x x 2 x 1 2x 3

1 x 2 x 1 0 x 2 0 ,

A 2x x 2 x 1 2x x 2 x 1 4x 1

x 2 x 1 0 x 2 0 ,

A 2x x 2 x 1 2x x 2 x 1 2x 3

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= 4-1 ,-1 2
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x2 2x 1 x2 x x

x R

x2 2x 1 x2 2x 1 x 1 0 x2 x x 0
2

x2 2x 1 x2 x x x 1 x2 x x 2x2 x x

x2 0 2
x x x 0

x x 0


x 0 x x 2x2 x x 2x2 x x 2x2 .

x 0 x x 2x2 x x 2x2 x x 2x2 2x .


22 0

2
2 2x <0

13

A x 5 10 2x x 2 x

A x 5 10 2x x2 x

x 5 2 x 5 x x 1 x 5 2 x 5 x x 1

x 5 2 x 5 x x 1 A 3 x 5 x x 1

x 0 x x
x 3 5 x 5 0 x 5 x 5 x 5

1 A 3 x 5 x

x 1 3 x 5 x x 1

0 x 1 x 1 0 x 1 x 1 x 1

2 A 3 x 5 x x 1 x2 4x 15

x : 0 x 3

1 x 3 x 1 0 x 1 x 1

1.

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3.

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2 A 3 x 5 x x 1 x2 2x 15
2 -4+15 0<<1

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x 4 8x
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A
5
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x x3

x x3 8
x x 2 x2 2x 4
x 4 8x

x x2 2x 4
x 2
x 2
x 2

2
2
x x 1 3 x x 1 3 x x2 2x 4 x3 2x2 4x

............. ...............

x 5 x2 1
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24

x x 2 x

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x x 2 x x x 2 4 x 2 x x 2 4 x 2
2

x 2x x x 4x
2

x2 2 2x x x2 2 4x2 2 2x x 2x2 2
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x x
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x 1

0 x

1 ,

2 . 0 .
2

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2

29

0,

, .

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>0 1 .
a, 0 : 0 +=0 2=0 =0
(1)
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(1)
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30

a a 2a a 1 ,

1 .

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15

a a 2 a 2 a a a 2
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x 1

31

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3 1 ,
)

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4x 5 19

a a a

) 3x 2 7 3x 2 7 3 x 2 7 3 1+2 3+7=16 2011


3x 2 7 2011

3 x 1

32

1 3

, :

) x 1 1 4
) x 3 2 100

)
1

3 x 1 2 x 1 2 x 1 2 1
1

1 3 2 1 2 1 2 2
(1) (2) x 1 1 4
)
a

x 3 2 x 3 2 x 5 x 1 1 5 x 1 1 5 4+5=9 100

x 3 2 100 .

a 1 5 2 3 1 ,

33

2a 17

a a 1 2 3 a 1 2 3 5+3+3=11

a 11 -11 11
1

2a 17 2a 2 2 17 2a 2 2 17 2 a 1 2 17 2 5+3+17=30

2a 17 30 30 2a 17 30

16


3 4 .
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a x

2 x 2

2x 1 3 0 2x 1 3 2x 1 0

x 2 3 x 2 3

x 2 3 x 5
x 2 3 x 1

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a x 3 6 2x 12 2x 3 x 1

35

2x 3 x 2 2x 4

a x 3 6 2x 12 x 3 2 x 3 12 x 2 2 x 3 12 x 2 2 x 2 12
3 x 2 12 x 2 6 x 2 6

x 2 6 x 8

2x 3 x 1 2x 3 x 1

2x 3 x 1 x 2

2x 3 x 1 3x 4 x



,

.

4
3

2x 3 x 2 2x 4 2x 3 x 2 2 x 2 2x 3 3 x 2
2x 3 3 x 2

36

x 2 6 x 4

2x 3 3 x 2 x 3 x 3

2x 3 3 x 2 5x 9 x

9
5


a x 1 x 1 3
x 2 4 2x 6

a x 1 1 x 1 x 1,1

x 1 3 3 x 1 3 -2 4 -2,4
x 2 4 2x 6 x 2 2 x 2 6 x 2 2 x 2 6 x 2 2 x 2 6 3 x 2 6
2

x 2 2 2 x 2 2 0 x 4 x 0, 4

37


a x 3
2x 1 4
x 1 2 2x 9

a x 3 x 3 3 x , 3 3,

2x 1 4 2x 1 4 2+1 4 2x 5 2 3 x

5
3
5 3

x , ,
2
2
2 2

x 1 2 2x 5 x 1 2 x 1 9 3 x 1 9 x 1 3 2x 1 4 x 1 3 -1 3

x 2 4 x , 2 4, .

38

2x 3 x 2 4 0

2x 3 x 2 4 0 2x 3 0 x 2 4 0

18

4x 2 6 5x 10
2x 3
x 2
x 2

x 2 4
x 2 4
x 2 4
2 2
1

39

x2 x x2 1 0

x2 x x2 1 0 x2 x x2 1 0 x x 1 x 1 x 1 0

x 1 x x 1 0

1 x x 1 0

(1) x 1 0 x 1

AB d a, a a

d x, x0 x x0 x0 x x0

d x, x0 x x0 x x0 x x0

a
2

40

x0

d x,2 3

d x,2 3 x 2 3 x 2 3 ,

41

x 2 3 x 5
x 2 3 x 1

d x,2 d x,3
19

d x,2 d x,3 x 2 x 3 x 2 x 3 ,

x 2 x 3 2 3

x 2 x 3 x 2 x 3 2x 1 x

42

1
.
2

d a,2 d 2a, , a

d a,2 d 2a, a 2 2a a 2 2a a 2 2a
2

a2 4a 42 4a2 4a 2 32 32 a2 2 a a .

43

d x, 1 d x,2

d x, 1 d x,2 x 1 x 2 x 1 x 2 x 1 x 2 x2 2x 1 x2 4x 4
2

6x 2 x

44

1
1

x ,
2
2

d x2 , 1 d x,2 x2 3

d x2 , 1 d x,2 x2 3 x2 1 x 2 x2 3 x2 1 x 2 x2 3 1 x 2 3

1 x 2 3 x 2 2 2 2 x 2 2 0 x 4 x 0, 4



x x0

d x, x0

x x0

d x, x0

x x0

d x, x0

x x0

d x, x0

a, x0 , x0
a, x0 , x0
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, a , , x0 x0 ,

20

,
.

45

x4 2

d x, 4 2

x3 4

d x, 3 4

x4 2

d x, 4 2

x3 4

d x, 3 4

x5 1

d x,5 1

x 1 2

d x, 1 2

x5 1

d x,5 1

x 1 2

d x, 1 2

x 2

d x, 0 2

x2 3

d x, 2 3

x 2

d x, 0 2

x2 3

d x, 2 3

2,6
7,1
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46

2,37dm.
0,005dm. D
, :
i)

.
ii)
D.

i)d( D, 2,37 ) 0,005


ii)d( D, 2,37 ) 0,005

D 2,37 0,005
0,005 D 2,37 0,005
0,005 + 2,37 D 0,005 + 2,37
2,365 D 2,375

47

=
= ( ) ( ) +

( )

21

x 2 < 0,1

y 4 < 0,2,

48
y

x
x

x 2 < 0,1 0,1 < x 2 < 0,1

y 4 < 0,2

2 0,1 < x < 2 + 0,1 1,9 < x < 2,1


0,2 < y 4 < 0,2

(1)

4 0,2 < y < 4 + 0,2 3,8 < y < 4,2

(2)

= x + 2y
(2)

7,6 < 2y < 8,4 (3)

(1) + (2) : 9,5 < x + 2y < 10,5

= 4x + 2y
(1)

7,6 < 4x < 8,4

(4)

(3) + (4) : 15,2 < 4x + 2y < 16,8

= 2x
(1)

49

2. 1,9 < 2x < 2. 2,1

x 0

3,8 < 2x < 4,2

y 0,


x
y
=
+
x
y

y
= x+
= 1+1=2
x y
y
x, y : = x +
= 1 1 = 2
x
y
y
x , y : = x +
=11=0
x
y
y
x , y : = x +
= 1 + 1 = 0
x
y

x, y :

22

..

1. .
;
2.
>0 x ..

>0

..

>0

..

x, .............
.......................... .

+ = + , , ..

....................
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3. , :
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a2
) a a

a
a

4. , :
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) a a

= ;

5. ,

x0
2
6. ;
Na .

7.

()
().
) a a
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)

2 <2

) , a a
3 5

3 5

23

) , a a
8. ()
().
) a a 0 ,
) a 2 a 2
)

2 =2

) -1 2 0 -1 =2
) d x, 0 2 2 x 2

9. , , .
) , +2 1 0 ;
) , -1 5 0 ;
)

d x, 2 3 .

d x 1, 2 4 .

) , a 0 ;

10. ()
().
) 2 2 2
) | x-3| = |3-x|
1
) 3+ x 2
3+ x 2
) x-3 4=0
)

x 3 x 3

) +=0 =
) x 3 1
)

x x

) x5 ,

x - 5 5- x

) d 2x 3, 4 2x 7


1. +=0 2=2
2. ||=|| 2=2
3. ||<|| 2<2
4.

i) ||<|| <

ii) < ||<||

24

5. |x-y| = |y-x|
6. A ||+|| = 0 2+2 =0
7. x+y =0 |x| = |y|
8. A <<< |-|<|-|
9. I x , y :

|x+y|+x+y 0

10. I x , y :

|x-y| |x|+|y|

11. x y x y x, y
12.
13. x 2 x [ 2, 2]
14. x ( , 5) x (5, ) |x|>5

( ) :
)

x, y i) x y 0 ;

x, y x y 0 ;

ii) x y 0 ;

) x, y i) |xy|=xy ;

ii) |xy|=-xy ;

) |x+y| = |x| + |y| ;


) ,

0;

) ,

|+| = |-|;

2 ;

) = |x-1|2 + 3 ;
)
)

x
x

x2 = 9 , |x| ;

) x [-5,5], i) x 0; ii) ;
) 1 x 3 , x 2 ;
) d(x ,2000) 8 , x ;
) |x-3| 2 , x ;
)

x y xy

) x (l , l ) |x-l| <

25

..

1.
) -7
) 5 2
) 3

2 1

2 2

2 3 7

) 9 1

2011

) 3 1 4

2 4

) 1

3 1
1
2 3

2. .
) x 2 1

2 6 9

x 2 4x 4

2 3

2 7 2010
2 4 4x

3. .
) x 2 4 x 4 x 2 4 x 4 2 x 4 x 2 6 3 x 2010 2 x 2010 1 3 x 2010 3
)

x2 4 x4 2 x4 x2 6

4. :

A 9x2 6x 1

B x 6 6x3 17

5. :
A 3x 3 3x x x x x
B 7 x2 4x 4 x2 1 2x
6. :
A x 4 x2 5
B x2 2x 7
7. a :
a
A a 2 2 a 2
2
A 2a 2 3 3 2a

a
a
2

8. x 2 :
A x x 2
B 3x x 2 3 x
x 2 2x 4 x 3 2x 9

2 x 4 2x 2x 6

26

9. 0 x 1 :
A 2x x 1
B x x 1 1 x
x 1 2 2x x2 1 2x 6

x2 x 2x2 5 x3 4

10. x 5 :
A 2x x 5
B x x 5 5x
x 5 x 4 x 3 2x 4

x2 25 x2 5x 2x 3

11. a 2 :
A a a 1 2
B 2 a 2 a 3
1 2 4 2 2

2
a 2

2 4
2
2

12. x 0 :
A x 2x 3 x x
B x 1 2 x 3
x 2 2 x 2 x 2 x

x2 x 2 x

13. , ,
i) | x 1| 4 32 17 x 5
ii) B | 4 | 2 3 >1
14. , ,
A x 2 6x 9
B x 2 8x 16
x 2 x 2 6
15. , ,
3
3
x 2x2
x 5x2
A
B
x 2
2 x 10
16. 2 x 3 :
B x 2 5 2x 6
A x 2 9 3x
17. 4 x 1
A 2x 3 1 3x x

18. ,
A 2 x 1
B 2x 3 x 2
x 3 2x 6 3 x

x R :

4x x 2 4 2x

27

19. , x R :
A x x 1 x 2
B 2 x 1 x 3
x x 1 x2 x

x 2 2x 6 x 3

20. ,
x2 3 x
A
x 3

x2 6 x 5
B
x 1

x2 6 x 9

x 3

x2 4
x 2

21. ,

A x2 2x 1 x2 x x

x R :

x R :

B x2 4x 4 x2 x x

22. :

2x 4 y 1

x2
y 1

x 1 y 1

x 1 y 1

x y.
23. ,

A x 2 3x

B x 4 x x 5

x R :

24. , , R < < ,


a a
A
a
25. A 2x 3 x 1 x 2 .

26. ,
:

A x 1 d x,2

B x d x, 2 d x 1,2


27. 5a 3 a 3a 5 a , a R
28. | | <1 | | <1

1
1
28

29.

30. , R

=2
1|| 1||
|| ||
2


31. :
1
1
1
) x x
) x x
x
x
x
32. ,

, :

33. x y x y . =;

34.

x 1 , : x

1
x 1
x

35. , :
x x x x 0
3

2
36. : 1

37. ,,, R x , :

x a ax x
2

38. : x 2 2x 5 x

, R

39.

a 5 a 5 a 0

40.

x x x2 1 x 1 x 1

41.

2 x 2 3 x 3

x 6

42. x = 5 y = 3 , : i) 5 2 x 5 y 25
43. x 3 y 1 , : i) 4 x 3 y 15

ii) 2 y x 8 .

ii) x y 10 14 .

44.
| - | < 1+| |
29

45. 1 , y 2 . A 3x 2y 5 A 12
46. -4<<2

-2<<4 |+1|+|-1|<6

47. : x y x y 2 x 2 y , x,yR .
48. || < 1 |y| < 2 : |3-y+1| < 6
2
2
49. : 4 a a 2 a
2

50. : 2 3 : 2 7
51. : 1 2 :
2
2
) a 1 4

) a 2 2a

52.
a x 5 2x 3 7 0
x 1 4
53.

2x 5 x 2

2x 3 x 1

2x 3
1
x 1

54.
a x 2 x 2 4
x 3 6 2x 12
55.
a 2x 4
2x 1 3
x 1 2 2x 6
56.
x 1 2
2x 1
x 2
1
1
6
a

x 1
x 2
3
57. ,

x 1 x 3 5 0

58.

x2 2x x2 4 0

59.

x2 9 x2 6x 9 0
30

60.
a x 2 4 2x 9 2x 3 x 1

2x 3 x 3 2x 6

61.

5x
3
x 3

2 x 1 x 3

x 3 4
5

62.

2x 4 10 x 2

2 x 3 x 1

3 x 3 6 2x
3


63.
) d x,1 4
) d x, 2 3

) d x 1,2 5

64.
) d x,2 d 2x, 4 6
) d 3x,2 d x,1
65.
) d d x, 1 ,5 4
) d d x,2 , 4 6

) d d x,3 , d 2x, 6 12

66.
) d x, 0 3
) d x,2 3
) d x 1,1 4
67.
) d x, 0 4
) d x, 3 2

) d x 1,3 4

68.
) d x,3 d 2x, 6 9
) d x,2 d x, 1

) d x 1,1 d x 2, 4

69. ,
) d x 1, d 4, 2 0
) d x 2, d 2x ,3 0
70. d a, d 3a, a d a,
71.
72.

a

d ,0 d ,0 2
a

d 4a , a 2 d 2a, 0 d 2, , 0 ,

, .
31

73.

d x, 2 5

74.

x 1

d ,3 3
2

, :

) d x 2, 2 3

) d x, 3

, : d x 7, 16

) d x 3,2 8

75. ,

3,1

d x, 1 2

x 1 2

d , -1 3
1 5
2 6
d 2 , 3 4

3,3
,3 3,
d , 7 5
3 1

, 5 1 ,
2,2
5,1


76.
)f(x)=

| | <1

)f(x)=

| |>1

1
x

f(x)=

| 1 | - | -1 |
. :
| 1 | | -1 |

77. | -2 | <3

|5 | 2| 1|
| 3| 2

78. 0 1 1 x 1 , ,
x 1
x
x

1
1

1
1
79. ,

0 1 2 1 ,

80. |+1|<2

|-1|<2

2
2

|+|<3

81. 2+2=1 2+2=1 |+|1


32

82.

2a 1
2a 1

2a 1
2a 1

83. a 2 5 3 3 , : 7 16
84.

x2 4 x 4
A
x2 2 x


)
) =-2
x2 x x2 x
x2 4
85. A

2
.
x 1
x 1
x 2
) x , A .
) A .

x 5
.
2x 4
) x , A .

86. : A

A 1.

< 2 < 2 .

87. i.

ii. 1 + < + < 1 <


< 1 <.
iii.

0 + < - :
) , ,

) + = 0 .

88. , , < 1, - 1 <


10 - < 10 - < 20.
89.

i.

+ = 0 = = 0.

ii.

:
) x - 2 +x - 3 = 0,

) x - 1 +x 2 - 1 = 0

90. :
= xy - x + 2y - 2,

B = 3x - xy + 6 - 2y,

. 3x + 6.

i.

ii.

+ + .

iii.

x ++ .
33


10

. .
;
. , :

) a a

) a a
. ()
).
) a a 0 ,
) a 3 a 3
)

4 = 4

) -3 5 0 -1 =-5
) d x, 0 3 3 x 3

20
a :
A a 3 3 2a

30

d 3x 1, x 3 x 2 5

40

x2 4 x 3
A
x 1

x2 4 x 4
x 2

)
) A x 3 B x 2
) A B 2d x,3 1
) 2A B
34

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