Edisons

Current

Introduction

Table of Contents
Introduction.....................................................................................................................................5 HowtoReduceEnergyConsumption................................................Error!Bookmarknotdefined. StandByEnergyConsumptionCharts:..........................................Error!Bookmarknotdefined. GridSystems....................................................................................................................................7 PortablePowerSourceSystem................................................................................................... 8 GridIntertiePowerSourceSystem............................................................................................. 9 GridintertiePowerSystemWithBackupBattery.................................................................... 10 OffGridPowerSystem.............................................................................................................. 11 TheUnitsoftheSystem............................................................................................................ 12 ArrayDCDisconnect:............................................................................................................. 12 ChargeController:................................................................................................................. 12 DeepCycleBattery:............................................................................................................... 12 SystemMeter:....................................................................................................................... 13 MainDCDisconnect:............................................................................................................. 13 Inverter:.................................................................................................................................13 GasPoweredGenerator:....................................................................................................... 13 Grid:.......................................................................................................................................14 Household:............................................................................................................................ 14 Legal:.....................................................................................................................................14 ElectricGenerator......................................................................................................................... 16 NeededMaterial ........................................................................................................................ 16 Equipment.....................................................................................................................................19 Multimeter:........................................................................................................................... 19 LaserTachometer:................................................................................................................. 19 SolderingIron:....................................................................................................................... 20 WheretoGetThisMaterialsFrom............................................................................................ 21 ComponentsoftheGenerator...................................................................................................... 23 TheCore....................................................................................................................................23 TheMagnets.............................................................................................................................. 24 TheRotor...................................................................................................................................25

Introduction

TheBattery................................................................................................................................27 Assembly.......................................................................................................................................30 Frame.........................................................................................................................................30 AttachingMagnetstoWheel ..................................................................................................... 31 TheCoil......................................................................................................................................33 FillingtheCore........................................................................................................................... 35 SolderingtheCircuit.................................................................................................................. 35 OperationInstructions.................................................................................................................. 37 TurningtheMotorOn............................................................................................................... 37 CharacterizingtheWindowofOperation................................................................................. 37 OneInput,FourOutput,RotateOne ..................................................................................... 37 Gallery:......................................................................................................................................39 MinimizingOurOilDependency................................................................................................... 40 FreeEnergyGeneratorsonaLargerScale.................................................................................... 43

Introduction

DISCLAIMER Please take care when working on any of the projects outlined within this manual. By reading this manual you agree to that you are responsible for your own actions. Magniwork will not be held accountable for any loss or injuries.

Introduction

Introduction
Since the world is gradually slipping into an energy crisis, it is of utmost importance for us to reduce our dependency on the sources of energy which are non renewable. Clean Renewable sources of energy are those sources which are recurring, meaning when you produce energy you dont exhaust any resources. Several examples of renewable energy are solar energy, hydro or water energy,andwindenergy. These sources of energy are freely available in our environment, and are often overlooked and unused. We need to take advantage of these sources of energy, thus wewillmakeasteptowardsenergyindependence. Solar energy i.e the Energy from the sun is the most abundant energy available on our planet. We should take advantageofthisenergy,byimplementingasystemwhich uses the solar energy to power our homes. We will reduce our power bills significantly and also contribute to a greenerplanet. Water or Hydro Energy is a fairly effective source of clean renewable energy, and it is mostly produced on a large scale, meaning a lot of investment and time is put into building systems which will produce energy from water. The downside of hydro energy sources is that it is

Introduction

implausible for an average person to implement it in his home. Wind Energy Sources have existed for more than 2000 years, they have been used for tasks such as pumping water, grinding etc. as the world has been industrialized, wind has become a common source for generating energy. Wind Turbines can be easily made and implemented even in individual residences, while helping relieve the power bill, by powering the more conventional powersources. In this book you will also learn how to construct another alternative source of energy, which has not reachedthemainstreammediayet.

Andintheendthisguidewillshowyouhowtobuilda solar air heater, and solar water heater for your home. These two devices will significantly reduce your power consumption, since you spent most energy at home for air andwaterheating.

GridSystems

GridSystems
The following grid systems represent how you connect the external power supply to your house or grid. In the diagrams we are refereeing to the energy source a bit vaguely because the same system that is presented could beusedforvarietyofpowersources.Bypowersourceswe meanSolarPanels,WindTurbines,andEnergyGenerators. As for how you will build your Solar Panel, Wind Turbine, Energy Generator, Air Heater, Water Heater, will get to it rightafterthis.

GridSystems s

Por rtablePo owerSourceSys stem

1Power P Source;2ChargeContro oller;3Bat ttery;4Inv verter;5H Household

This is s the sim mplest system s there is s, it is g great fo or out tdoor use or alte ernatively for yo our garag ge or sh hed. With h this s system m you ca an run applianc a ces straight thro ough the e inve erter.

GridSystems s

Grid dInterti iePowerSource eSystem m

1Power P Sou urce;2Arra ayDCdisco onnect;3I Inverter;4ACBreak kerpanel; 5Househo old;6Kilow wattperho ourmeter; r;7Grid

This is the system tha at you w will most likely use in the e beg ginning. This sys stem is known as grid tied, or on grid d. The e key fea ature ab bout this s system m is: if m more elec ctricity is pro oduced by b your solar s sys stem or wind tu urbine co ompared d to what w is used by y the ho ousehold, than the sys stem will star rt turnin ng the electric meter backwa ards. Wh hen tha at hap ppens, cr redits will w be ad dded to your acc count w which you u can n use for r periods s when you y prod duce les ss electri icity. You u sho ould co onsult your y Electricity y Provi ider fo or more e info ormation nconcer rningne etbilling gorne etmeter ring.

GridSystems s

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Grid dintertiePower rSystem mWithB BackupB Battery

1Po owerSour rce;2Array yDCdisconnect;3Ch ChargeCon ntroller;4D Deepcycle e bat ttery;5Sys stemmete er;6MainDCdiscon nnect;7Inv verter;8A ACBreaker r pane el;9Kilowa attperhou urmeter;1 10Grid;11 1Househo old

This sy ystem gr rid is tie ed just like the p previous s one bu ut the key dif fference betwee en this o one and the pre evious is s: this s one ha as backu up batte ery. The battery y backup p will be e use ed when n its go oing to be clo oudy or you ar re doing g mai intenanc cetothe esolarpanels.

GridSystems s

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OffGridPo owerSys stem

1Po owerSour rce;2Array yDCdisconnect;3Ch ChargeCon ntroller;4D Deepcycle e batt tery;5Systemmeter r;6MainDC D disconn nect;7Inve erter;8Ge enerator;9 AC CBreakerpanel; p 10H Household

This sy ystem is s offgri id, meaning you are n not using g eve en 1% el lectricity y from a power company. In th his setup p you u should d also ha ave a backup g generato or such as a gas pow wergene erator.

GridSystems s

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The eUnitsof o theSy ystem ArrayDCDisconnect: sconnect t is used d in the system, , DC Dis so you y can shut of the syst tem much safer r and d easier.The rea ason for shutting g off the e syst temwou uldbemainly m ma aintenan nce. Cha argeCon ntroller: The charge c controlle c er as the nam me impli ies is us sed to protect the battery fro om ove erchargin ng. Whe en the battery y bank is fully charged c in order to o protect it fro om ove erchargin ng the charge controll ler willinterrup ptthech hargingprocess. p . Dee epCycleBattery y: This is the bat ttery you u will us se in your y sys stem once you build th he full scale generato g or. If yo ou canno ot affo ordabra andnew wbattery y,youca an get on the cheap from f old d golf cart f orforklift.

GridSystems s

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SystemMe eter: The e system m meter r is used d to mo onitor how w much power r is bein ng used d and how wfullyourbatterybankis. MainDCDi isconnec ct: The main m DC D disconnect is use ed for connecti ing the Inverter for m maintenance or disc eme ergencysituatio ons. Inve erter: The In nverter is used to t inver rt the dire ect curre ent into o alterna ating cu urrent or AC. This conve ersion is s need since mostapplia ancesinthehouseuseA AC. Gas sPowere edGene erator: If you are imp plementi ing complete off grid sys stem, yo ou shou uld have e Gas Pow wered Generat G tor. The ere will be situ uations when w you will sh hut down the syst tem for r mainte enance, during that timeyouwilluseth hisgener rator.

GridSystems s

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ACBreaker rPanel: The AC Break ker pane el is whe ere t elec ctrical wiring w is connect ted all the with your power p provider. This panel is usually u found in i a uti ility roo om, gara age,oroutside o the t build ding. Grid d: m pow wer line that comes to your ho ouse tha at The main com mes from m the po ower co ompany is called d Grid. T The term m Off Grid ref fers that t you ar re energy indepe endent f from the e pow wersupp plycomp pany. Hou usehold: When we refe erred in n the pr revious diagram ms to the e hou usehold,wemea antthehouseho h oldloads s.Thisco onsistso of eve erythingthatisconnecte edtothe ebreake erpanel. Leg gal: ware ea ach stat te and country y has differen nt Be aw gy sourc stan ndards for f conn necting alternati a ve energ ce to the e AC panel. Also A in most m co ountries it is ille egal to o open this box xbyyour rself,unlessyouarequa alifiedelectrician n.

GridSystems

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We recommend that you contact your power supply company concerning this issue and do not take matters in toyourownhandsbeforeyoudothat. If you do not want to connect your system to the breaker panel, you can run appliances just from the inverterwhichismucheasierandcheaperoption.

Electr ricGenerator r

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Ele ectricGenerat G tor

First ch heck the e gallery y to see h how the e generator look ks like esoyougettheidea i wha atwear rebuildin ng(page e47).

Nee ededMaterial M l
This sisalistof o alltheneededcomponen c ntsandm material: Alligato orClips Quantity:Minx4 MoreIn nfo:Wire esnumbe er20andabove,r rating5a amp,atle east 12isrecomme r ended. Cost:$10.00 2N305 55Transis stor Quantity:x1 nfo:AnNPN N type MoreIn transist tor Cost:$3.00

01Diode 1N400 Quantity:x1 nfo:Silico oneFast MoreIn Switchi ingDiode etransist tor Cost:$0.40

Electr ricGenerator r

17

1N400 07Diode Quantity:x1 nfo:Silico oneFast MoreIn Switchi ingDiode etransist tor Cost:$0.40

680oh hmresisto or Quantity:x1 nfo:Atle east1/4 MoreIn wattbu utwerec commend d 1/2wa att. Cost:$0.40

1kiloohm o linea ar Potentiometer Quantity:x1 nfo:Thehigherth he MoreIn wattag gethebet tter.Carb bon tracksh houldbefine. Cost:/

NeonBulb B pote entiomet ter Quantity:x1 nfo:NE2typewi ire MoreIn ended. Cost:/

Electr ricGenerator r

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250g(0 0.551lbs) EnamelCoated G(AWG 21) 22SWG Copper rWire Quantity:x1 MoreIn nfo:Mag gnetWire e Cost:$12.90 $

250g(0 0.551lbs) EnamelCoated G(AWG25) 2 26SWG Copper rWire Quantity:x1 nfo:Mag gnetWire e MoreIn $ Cost:$12.90

2mete ersofHigh hCurrent t Wire Quantity:x1 MoreIn nfo:Itwi illbeused d tohook kupthebatteries b s Cost:$12.90 $

Equipment t

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Equ uipmen nt
Multimeter r: Digital multimeter is ok o but w we sho ould note e that we w are us sing puls se DC in the SSG so o when you ar re mea asuring the am mps, it is highly reco ommend ded to use u an Analogu A ue AmpMeter r,whichgoesup pto1am mp or more. You Y will also need n th he met ter to measure m your inp put amp ps aswell w yourbattery yvoltage es.

LaserTacho ometer: A lase er tachometer measu ures f your motor. m Th his is no ot a the rpm of cessary tool fro om the beginni ing, nec but t you will w be glad you have o one whe en you are fine e tuning the mo otor sinc ce you will nee ed it to o make an accuraterecordofyour y mo otorsper rformance.

Equipment t

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Sold deringIr ron: Sold dering ir ron will be used d to solder the t circ cuit. The e circ cuit will still op perate if the connections arent t sold dered, though once o you u are sure it is wired d correctly,youshouldsolderalltheconnect tions.

Equipment

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WheretoGetThisMaterialsFrom IfyouarebasedinUKorEuropewerecommendthe followingwebsites:

LeadAcidBatteries: http://shop.eurobatteries.com Components: http://www.maplin.co.uk/ http://www.radioshack.com/ Magnets: http://emagnetsuk.com/

Equipment

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IfyouarebasedinUSAorCanadawerecommendthe followingwebsites:

Components: http://www.allelectronics.com/ http://www.radioshack.com/ Magnets: http://www.magnets4less.com/

ComponentsoftheGenerator

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ComponentsoftheGenerator
TheCore
The curtail part for this project is the core. You can use iron filings mixed with glue, which is one option for satisfactory results or alternatively welding rods. When you are scaling up this project we recommend using welding rods for better results, but just to get used to whatyouarebuildingforthefirsttimefeelfreetouseiron filingsmixedwithglue. Furthermore each of the rods must be electrically insulated from each other. You can either let the rods rust for a while, or you can coat them with thick layer of nail varnish. Ontheotherhandyoushouldnotusesolid.Sincethe key mechanism for the operation of the generator is the fast switching of the magnetic field and if you use a solid mass for your core it is more than likely to create eddy currents that disrupt and prolong the degradation of the magnetic field. Steel bolts are very bad idea also, since they retain their magnetism from the get go, its the same principle as paper clip on a magnet, you have most likely noticed that after a while the paper clip can attract other paperclips.

ComponentsoftheGenerator

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TheMagnets
The first thing you should know about the magnets is what not to use, which is Neodymium or Rare Earth Magnets.Theproblemwithsuchstrongmagnetsis,aftera while no matter what material is used for the core, the core itself will be magnetized because of the prolonged exposuretothosemagnets. Because of the issues stated above, you should use Ceramic magnets. Since for your first project you will build a small replica, you should use small magnets or more specifically: 20mm x 10mm x 5mm ceramic magnets. For your second project which will be the real size replica you will use larger magnets with dimensions approximately 50mm x 25mm x 10mm. There might be situations where the magnet is too weak even if it is as described above, if thatsthecaseyoucanalwaysdoublestackthem.

ComponentsoftheGenerator

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TheRotor
For the final model you will use an aluminum bike wheel, but as with the core you should not use steel, you should be able to fit about 24 magnets to a standard bike wheel and at the same time achieve speeds of about 200 300rpm. But for you first project, the scaled down replica, you should do just fine with discarded hard drives. With a discarded hard drive you should fit about 6 magnets and achievespeedofaround15002000rpm. No doubt some of you will have hard time finding discarded hard disk drives, another option is a tape head salvaged from an old VCR. It will work just fine, since the bearing is very smooth and its easily mountable on another surface. With it you will be able to achieve speed ofaround2500rpmandhigher,aswiththeHardDiskDrive youwilluse6magnets. If you want, or cant find the previous parts, you can go down even smaller, you can use rollerskate or roller blade wheel. You should be able to attach about 4 magnets on it, since the bearing here is very good you shouldbeabletoreachrpm`sfrom3000to4000.

ComponentsoftheGenerator

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All the speeds previously stated are approximations and may differ, dont force your motor to get to those speeds. Tolerance(For24BicycleRim) As stated earlier it doesn't have to be bicycle wheel, anynonmagneticrotatingwheelofsimilarsizeandweight should work. These plans are for a 24inch rim. If you go smaller or large than this, you will need to adjust the number of magnets accordingly so that the spacing is approximately the same distance as on the 24inch specified plans. You might want to source your wheel before purchasing magnets so you know how many magnets to get. Also, if you want to have your shaft comingfromthewheeltoconveythetorqueofthewheel, youwillneedtoconfigureanalternativebearingsystem.

ComponentsoftheGenerator

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TheBattery
The batteries are the most expensive components of this project. For the small motor you can use 1.3ah (amp hour) 12volt Lead Acid Batteries, though we recommend yougetatleast7ahbatteries. Themaintrickwiththebatteriesisforthemtobebig enoughsothatthemotorwillrunattheC20Rate,whichis the Amp Hour rating of the battery divided by 20. The Ah of the battery is the amount of amps the battery can supply for one hour. If the battery supplies a very high current, then it will degrade more quickly. This is the main reasonwhyweusetheC20Rate. In other words if you motor is running on a 300ma you will need to use a battery that is at least 6amp hours (0.3x20=6).Inadifferentsituationifyourbatteryisrated at 7Amp Hours, you shouldnt discharge the battery with morethan350ma(7/20=350).
1.3ah12vLeadAcidBatterycancostaround12/18/$24 7ah12vLeadAcidBatterycancostaround15/22/$30 24ah12vLeadAcidBatterycancostaround40/60/$80

ComponentsoftheGenerator

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Quantity: At the beginning you will need at least two batteries: one for input, and one for receiving charge. It is recommended that an identical battery to the input battery is used. The reason for this is to test the discharge parameters of a battery independent of the circuit under the same discharge parameters being put to the input battery for characterization. Additional batteries of the same voltage and impedance can be added to the output inparallellater. Tolerance: You might understood already that the voltage of the batteries is not crucial, and can be somewhere in the range of 6 to 24 volts for this particular motor. However, theinputandoutputbatteriesneedtobematchedintheir voltage and impedance. There can be more than one battery on the receiving end, connected in parallel, of a matched voltage and impedance of the input battery. For yourfirstreplication,youwillwanttousenewbatteriesso that bad batteries will not be possible reasons for malfunction of the circuit. Not all rechargeable batteries are suitable for receiving charge from this setup. Lead acid recommended. For more information concerning

ComponentsoftheGenerator

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what type of batteries you need follow the formula presentedearlier. BatteryCare: It will be important for you to know your batteries optimal operating parameters form their manufacturer or othercompetentratingserviceso thatyoudonotdamage them by charging or discharging too fast or too high/low. As long as you are using this circuit to charge your batteries, you will not need to worry about speed or level of charging. But if you use another apparatus to charge your battery, you will need to know your batteries' charging parameters. If your input and output batteries are matched in voltage rating and impedance the circuit inherently balances the charging rate to a level that is not only safe but even beneficial to the receiving battery. Overcharge is not nearly the concern with this circuit as it is with other chargers. Batteries actually perform better under frequent use with this circuit, than if you let a few dayspassbetweenuses.

Assembly

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Assembly
Frame Sincethe24wheelwillspin,thestandneedstohave stability frontback, leftright. On the other hand the rotor shouldnt have much resistance in its turning, also this needtobemadeofnonmagneticmaterial. You should plan beforehand for a 1/8 inch gap or less between the coil spool and the wheel magnets glued and taped. We cannot stress this enough but it is very important for this project to work, the frame materials shouldbenonmagnetic. Another important design specification you should have in mind while construction the stand is, you may want to be able to increase or decrease the distance between the wheel and the spool, for fine tuning. The direction of the rotation does not need to be perpendiculartothecoil,butitcanbe90degreesaswell.

Assembly

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AttachingMagnetstoWheel Firstyouneedtouseacompasstodetermine"N"the north end of your magnets. The Earth's North Pole is magnetically south, so the "north" end of your compass willbeattractedtothe"south"endofyourmagnet.North facesouttowardthecoil. Labelyourmagnets,withmarkerorstickytapesoyou knowwhichsideiswhich. All magnets should face the same direction (north out). Magnet spacing does not need to be uniform unless youaregoingtoattemptmorethanonecoil. Determine an equal spacing for the magnets about the perimeter of the wheel and mark where they should go. This is not crucial to proper operation with one coil, but if you want to later add more coils (each with a separatecircuit),symmetricalspacingwillbeimportantfor symmetrical firing. If your wheel diameter is more or less thanthe24inchescalledintheseplans,adjustthenumber of magnets accordingly to be within the same range of spacing between magnets. You don't want to get your magnetsmuchcloserthan1.52widthsapart. If you wish to use in the future more than one coil, bear in mind that each coil will need its own complete

Assembly

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circuit. All coils will need to fire in unison, so the magnet spacingwillneedtobeuniform.Spacingbetweenmagnets should not be less than 1.5 2 magnet widths. Use super glueand/ortapetoaffixthemagnets.

Assembly y

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The eCoil

ou should use complete ely the t two 250g g For the coil yo spo ools of wire. w You u should wind th he two w wires on n the coil together,it tsveryimportan ntthatthetwow wiresarenextto o ch other r throug ghout entire distance of the winding g. eac Arra angement of th he winding is not very important, also o there is no o pattern or sym mmetry require ed. Think fishing g spo ool or kite k spoo ol, and you'll b be fine. The m margin o of tole eranceis sverywi idehere e.

(6cm=2.36inch h)(5cm=1.96 = inch h)(1.5cm m=0.59in nch)

You might use e a drillto t spin the spoo ol. A cord dless drill gen nerally ca an turn slower, making it easie er to cou unt turns and d to make sure the two o wires are wound par rallel the e

Assembly

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whole distance. The exact number of turns on the coil is notcrucial,beingcloseisadequatebutkeeptrackofinput outputpairs. Counting visually is a method prone to error. Use an audible trigger in winding (e.g. a clacker on the spool). Alternatively, you might affix tape to both ends of spool, protruding outward around 1/2 inche. This will hit your hand as the spool turns, helping you to count turns. You shouldbedoneinapproximately900turns.

Assembly

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FillingtheCore Be sure to have the side that will be facing the magnets flush with the top of the spool so you can spin your magnets close to the spool without hitting a rod in thecore.Youmightdrilla1"inchholeinyourbasearound 1/2 inches deep for the other side of the core to protrude into, so you don't have to cut your rods short. Use glue on each rod to keep it from moving. Tap the last few rods in withsomelightobjectuntilyoucan'tfitanymore.

SolderingtheCircuit Trytokeepallwiresasshortaspossible.Furthermore don't overheat your diodes, resistor, or transistor when soldering. If you don't know how to solder, you could use wire nuts or even nuts/bolts to secure your connections. Make sure the circuit works before soldering the connections. Also alligator clips can be used to hold things in place until you solidify them. A little 9V battery can be usedtotestthecircuit.
Note: Also, be sure to use a heavy gauge wire when connecting yourbatteriesinparallelorseries.

Assembly y

36

OperationInstructions

37

OperationInstructions
TurningtheMotorOn To run the motor, connect the circuit and give the rotor a spin (by hand). It will then accelerate or decelerate to a point of equilibrium. There is more than one stable rateofrotation. CharacterizingtheWindowofOperation You will want to modify the resistor of the circuit from low to high to find various ideal windows of operation. Generally, low resistance produces high rotation speed, while high resistance results in lower rotation speed. Also in the higher resistances you will find solid state resonance either with or without rotation. In some cases they coexist. In some cases only one or the other willexist.Higherthanacertainresistanceyouwillfindthat onlysolidstateexists. OneInput,FourOutput,RotateOne Once the batteries are supercharged, place four batteriesonthebackend(charging),withoneonthefront end running the circuit. Once that battery has gone down to its 20% from full level, rotate one of the four batteries from the back end to the front. The sequence of rotation

OperationInstructions

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should be one of taking turns so that the one on the back sidethathasbeentherethelongestgoestothefrontside. You can repeat this procedure for six months without ever having to externally charge the system. Bear in mind that your success in achieving this may be determined first by finding the optimal window of performance for your particularsetup.

Operation nInstructions s

39

Gallery:

MinimizingOurOilDependency

40

MinimizingOurOilDependency
Some of the bigger issues we encounter when we try to reduce the consumption of energy are to reduce and minimizetheuseofgasweuseforourvehicles. Oil is widely used for transportation, home heating, andenergygeneration. There are several ways to tackle this problem. The automotive industry has already taken action, and is great cars with a very reasonable gas mileage. The Industry now must meet certain regulations, and the production of typicalgasguzzlingvehiclesisreduced. Most diesel power cars, with only a minimal conversion, are capable on running with leftover fryer fat. Meaning,youcansimplygoto McDonalds,andaskforthe leftoveroilofthefryer. Although it sounds incredible, the vehicle will run without a problem this way, and it won't damage the engineorthefuellinesofthevehicle. The downside of this is that the car will have a bad odor, and smell like fried potatoes. This is what can be calleda'roughbiodiesel'. In order to create a better fuel, the waste frying

MinimizingOurOilDependency

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oil/fatcanbeprocessedsothatitgetsrefined.Therefined product knows as biodiesel, and it shares almost the identical properties of the Diesel. The car will have the same performance as will regular diesel and behave the same. In most conventional diesel vehicles, you can use a refined biodiesel without applying any kind of conversion kit. Besides refining waste fat, Biodiesel can be produced fromfatfrompork,poultry,beeforoilfromvegetables. Anotherwaytoreduceoildependencyiswiththeuse of electricity to power a car. Hybrid Electric Vehicles are getting more and more popular, and starting to take a significant share on the road. These vehicles combine a common car engine with a battery. They capture kinetic energy when breaking, this kinetic energy is used to recharge the battery. The Hybrid Electric Vehicles can be considered ecofriendly, due to their low emission, and a goodgasmileage.CommonExamplesofthesevehiclesare theToyotaPriusandHondaInsight A Step forward from the HEVs, are the fully electrical cars. It relies on the sole use of electric motors to propel the vehicle. These vehicles dont use an Internal Combustion Engine. The fully electric cars might be considered the vehicles of the future, but today, theyre

MinimizingOurOilDependency

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stillindevelopment,andhavelimitedpracticality. Although they are able to run solely on electricity, they have a limited range. Recharging the vehicle is much cheaper than gas, but the main problem is that the batteriescannotstoreenoughenergytopropelthevehicle for longer ranges. This technology is very promising, and there have been several vehicles that are fully electrical thathavewentintoproduction.

FreeEnergyGeneratorsonaLargerScale

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FreeEnergyGeneratorsonaLargerScale
Significant changes in energy generation arent going to occur until the governments and large corporations start becoming involved and look into alternative sources ofenergy. A Free Energy generator could well be the solution to these problems. It can be implemented in the following way: - Each household has its own free energy device, they generate electricity independently from the power company. OR - The Energy Companies replace the current sources of generating energy like nonrenewable sources of energy, and implement largescale free energy generators,whichwouldsupplythegridswithpower. Since the energy will only require minimal resources for it to be produced, this would result in a significantlylowerpriceofenergy. However, the government and the big corporations arent showing interest in such devices, they are the once that have the real funds necessary to really make this happen. Perhaps, the outcome of a world where electric energy is free isnt something the big corporations would

FreeEnergyGeneratorsonaLargerScale

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like to see. This would mean they would lose trillions of dollars. It would mean the collapse of two of the biggest corporativeindustriesTheOilandtheEnergyIndustry. If the US Government spent only a small fraction of what they spend on the military to the development of free energy, it could totally revolutionize the world. We have already given you a smallscale free energy device THAT WORKS. That proves that this technology really works. All it needs to be done is for this technology to be used on a larger scale, and to become widespread. This willreducetheenergycrisis.