1. How do you find the IP address of your computer?

Ans. in command prompt typr ipconfig it wil show ip address, default gateway, subnet
mask address
run>cmd(to open command prompt)
in command prompt type "ipconfig"
C:/windows/system32/ipconfig

2. What is the difference between Win XP and Win 98,2000, 95?

Ans. Win XP- Wireless 0 Configuration,Has Security Center,Supports Plug N Play and
NTFS 5.1
Win98 and below has FAT file system

3. What is the importance of Hardware Acceleration?

Ans. It improves the speed the computer to a great extent

4. What are the various kinds of browsers?

Ans. Text browsers: kynx

graphical browsers: Netscape, IE, Mozilla, Safari, Opera

5. How do you determine if there is latency in your connection?

Ans. Latency is a measure of the roundtrip time between two communicating devices.
Higher latency means that it takes longer for the two machines to exchange
information. In games, the state of the players changes rapidly and you could be
“dead” before you know it if the latency is too high.

6. How do you do a trace route? What is the importance of it?

Ans. Trace route is to find the path taken by a single packet in any network, by trace
route we can
detemine the time, speed latency period of a network

7. What is Active X?

Ans. ActiveX is a set of technologies from Microsoft that enables interactive content for
the
World Wide Web. Before ActiveX, Web content was static, 2-dimensional text and
graphics. With ActiveX, Web sites come alive using multimedia effects, interactive
objects, and sophisticated applications that create a user experience comparable to that
of
high-quality CD-ROM titles. ActiveX provides the glue that ties together a wide
assortment of technology building blocks to enable these "active" Web sites.
8. What is DNS?

Ans. Domain Name Server, it converts the user friendly name into the coresponding ip-
address

9. What is the importance of a DHCP Server?

Ans. Dynamic host configuartion protocol

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) is a network protocol that enables a DHCP
server to automatically assign an IP address to an individual computer's TCP/IP stack
software. DHCP assigns a number dynamically from a defined range of numbers (i.e., a
scope) configured for a given network.

Client computers configured to use DHCP for IP assignment do not need to have a
statically assigned IP address. In addition, they generally do not need to have addresses
configured for DNS servers or WINS servers, as these are also set by the DHCP server.

DHCP assigns a TCP/IP address when a system is started.

The client computer sends a broadcast request (called a DISCOVER or

DHCPDISCOVER), looking for a DHCP server to answer.
The router directs the DISCOVER packet to the correct DHCP server.
The server receives the DISCOVER packet. Based on availability and usage policies set
on the server, the server determines an appropriate address (if any) to give to the client.
The server then temporarily reserves that address for the client and sends back to the
client an OFFER (or DHCPOFFER) packet, with that address information. The server also
configures the client's DNS servers, WINS servers, NTP servers, and sometimes other
services as well.
The client sends a REQUEST (or DHCPREQUEST) packet, letting the server know that it
intends to use the address.
The server sends an ACK (or DHCPACK) packet, confirming that the client has a been
given a lease on the address for a server-specified period of time. When a computer
uses a static IP address, it means that the computer is manually configured to use a
specific IP address. One problem with static assignment, which can result from user
error or inattention to detail, occurs when two computers are configured with the same
IP address. This creates a conflict that results in loss of service. Using DHCP to
dynamically assign IP addresses minimizes these conflicts.

10. How do you find if a printer is a network or Standalone printer?

Ans. In printer and faxes chck if the printer hs shared symbol if so its shared in network
else stanaloneprinter

11. What is the importance of a Firewall?

Ans. Firewall is a software that keeps a check on all ports in computer anything
communicated to outside the computer is monitored by firewall

12. What are the different Operating Systems?

Ans. Windows: 95,98,2000,NT,Xp,Vista

Mac: Mac X, jaguar, tiger, leapord
Linux: Redhat, Ubuntu, Fedora
Solaris
Dos

13. How do you find , the MAC address? What is the importance of MAC
Address?

Ans. Media Address Control (MAC)

Click the Start menu button on the Windows taskbar. Click Run... on this menu. Type
cmd in the text box that appears. A command prompt window launches on the desktop.
In this command window, type ipconfig /all. Details are shown for each of the computer's
network adapters. Computers installed with VPN software or emulation software will
possess one or more virtual adapters. The IP Address field states the current IP address
for that network adapter. The Physical Address field states the MAC address for that
adapter.
run>cmd(to open command prompt)
in command prompt type "ipconfig"
C:/windows/system32/ipconfig /all

14. How do you determine the speed of your Internet connection?

Ans. Right click on the network click status it will show the speed of the network
usualy speed of a networkis expressed in kilobits per second (Kbps)

15. What is the significance of Upload and Download Speed?

Ans. Upload speed determines the speed in which the content is uploaded or sent
usually its 20% of the full bandwidth
Download speed determines the speed in which the content is downloaded or
received usually its 80% of the full bandwidth
and some network have the speeds balanced

16. What are the various Service Packs in 98 and XP and 2000?

Ans. Win98 : None

Win 2000: SP 1- 6
Win Xp: Sp1- 2
17. What is the difference between Win NT and Win 2000?

Ans. WinNT -SP 6A

Does not support plug N play
No Device Manager
Win 2000-SP 6 ,
Supports Plug N Play, NTFS and FAT 32 Basis for Networking and Operating System
Built in Drives
Has Device Manager

18. How do I delete cookies and cache in IE?

Cookies are often used for storing passwords so you don't have to type them in every
time you visit a page, they also store information you have used before
Internet Explorer 4,5,5.5

Open the folder C:\windows\cookies. This is the main cookie folder, highlight the files,
and press delete. Index.dat may not be deleted, because it will be in use.
Open the folder c:\windows\temporary internet files\. This is the next, highlight the text
files, and press delete.
Open the folder C:\windows\temporary internet files\Content.IE5. This is the last,
highlight any cookies and press delete.

Internet Explorer 6

Tools>>Internet Options, press "delete cookies". Press ok.

Netscape 6

Edit>>Preferences, select privacy and security, then select view stored cookies. Select
"Remove All Cookies".

Mac

Cookies on a MAC are usually stored in "Magic Cookies" folder

19. How do you clear saved passwords in IE?

Ans. Open Internet Explorer

Click on Tools .Internet Options
Click on the Content tab and click on Auto Complete
Click on Clear Passwords

20. How do you set an exception for a site to override Proxy settings on a
browser?

Follow these steps to configure the settings in Internet Explorer 5.0 or higher.

In Internet Explorer, select Internet Options on the Tools menu.

In the Internet Options dialog box, click the Connections tab, and then click LAN
Settings.
Check the "Use a proxy server" checkbox, and then click Advanced.

Note: If no HTTPS proxy server is specified in the Secure: field, the terminal session will
not pass through an HTTPS proxy server and there is no need to make an exception.

In the Exceptions field of the Proxy Settings dialog box, enter the host name or IP
address of the Reflection security proxy server. For example,

myreflectionproxy.domain.com

Click OK.

21. How do you find out what service pack your OS has?

Ans. In windows
start>run>dxdiag
in system Tab wil show Service pack
or
Right click my computer>System properties>general

22. What are the various kinds of Wireless Internet Connections?

23. How do you set a home page for your browser?

Opem IE>tools>IE options>general tab>type the URLof the website

24. What are the various kinds of Broadband Internet Connections?

ADSL 1-2mbps 8mbps

ADSL2+ not in use 25mbps

SDSL 1-2mbps 3mbps

Cable 2mbps 8mbps

Wireless 1mbps 12mbps

25. How do you change the monitor display / color settings?

Right click on background>properties>settings

26. How do you troubleshoot a PCBD Error on pulling up a website?

Page Cannot Be Displayed (PCBD) Error can be overcome by refreshing,click back and
type URL once again
delete cookies

27. What is the difference between http and https sites?

HTTP- Hyper Text Trabsfer Protocol

HTTPS- Hyper Text Trabsfer Protocol Secured
HTTP is used normally for all web sites were as the HTTPS is used for secured sites
were loging in or password is used

28. What do you know about Port Numbers?

Ans. A port is used for exit or entry of data, each port is assigned a number

29. What is Port Forwarding?

Port forwarding (sometimes referred to as tunneling) is the act of forwarding a network

port from one network node to another.

This technique can allow an external user to reach a port on a private IP address (inside
a LAN) from the outside via a NAT-enabled router.

Port forwarding allows remote computers (e.g. public machines on the Internet) to
connect to a specific computer within a private LAN.

30. What is the command for finding out the IP address in Win 98?

In windows 95,98 and ME > start, run, type winipcfg and hit enter.
In windows 95,98,ME,NT (win2k,XP) run ipconfig from a dos prompt.

31. How can you disable the Win XP firewall?

Control panel>Security center>Windows firewall>General Tab>check the option off

32. How do you set an exception for a program on Win XP firewall?

Control panel>Security center>Windows firewall>Expectation Tab>

Add program>Then check the box next to program

33. What is the port that enables you to browse secured web sites?

SSL port 443

34. How do you find out the version of a MAC OS?

Apple menu>About this Mac(About this computer)>System OS

35. How do you insert a Picture in MS PowerPoint?

Insert>Image>browse add picture>

36. How do you insert transitions in a PPT?

37. What is SSL?

SSL(Secure Sockets Layer) is used to transmit confidential infonnation from one

system to another.

38. What is a pop up blocker used for?

To block unwanted Ads or websites that pop up on visiting Websites

39. How do you delete the history of cached web sites?

In IE>Tools>IE Properties>General tab>Clear History

40. How do you disable the Win XP pop up blocker?

In IE>Tools>Pop-up blocker>turn off blocker

41. How do you set to print a document in Portrait or Landscape mode?

Print preview>Print>Page prop>Check Portrait or Landscape mode

or
Print preview>Print>Check Portrait or Landscape mode

42. How do you merge two PPT files?

Select the files to be merged and right click select merge

43. How can you release a set IP address of your system?

To release
Start>run>cmd>ipconfig /release
C:/windows/system32/ipconfig /release

To renew
Start>run>cmd>ipconfig /renew
C:/windows/system32/ipconfig /renew

Use in DHCP network if the computer Network is changed iprelease and iprenew is done
to acquire
new ip address if doesnot acquire automatically

44. What are the various browsers on a MAC OS?

Safari, Mac Web

45. What are the various file types supported in Windows?

File Allocation System (FAT32)

New Technology File System (NTFS)

46. How do I set a site as a Favorite in the browser?

In IE while on the web site>Favorites>Add to favorites

47. What are the various versions of IE?

Internet Explorer 4 , 5, 5.5, 6, 7

48. How do you renew the IP address of your computer?

Start>run>cmd>ipconfig /release

C:/windows/system32/ipconfig /release
To renew

Start>run>cmd>ipconfig /renew

C:/windows/system32/ipconfig /renew

Use in DHCP network if the computer Network is changed iprelease and iprenew is done
to acquire
new ip address if doesnot acquire automatically

49. What is a Terminal Session?

Terminal services can allow remote computers to run desktops and applications on a
server as though it is running locally.

Terminal Sesssion is if someone wants help helping them through remote assistance
through network

50. What are cookies?

Cookies are often used for storing passwords so you don't have to type them in every
time you visit a page, they also store information you have used before
51. How can you determine the IP addresses of Web Sites?

Start>Run>cmd> at cmd type ping -r 1 www.xyz.com

C:/windows/system32/ping -r 1 www.xyz.com

will display the ip-address of xyz website

52. What is a PING command?

Packet InterNet Groper

The Internet Ping command bounces a small packet off a domain or IP address to test
network communications,

and then tells how long the packet took to make the round trip

53. What is the difference between a dial up and a DSL connection?

Dial up
Uses phone line for connection hen in use telephone wont be available data is sent in
the same bandwidth as voice

Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)

This category of technologies are currently the fastest available right now. DSL is the
superset of many technologies, where data is transmitted down your normal copper line
as digital signals, because voice uses a different frequency, you can do both at once,
splitters at either end split the voice and the data into separate streams.

54. What is Win XP Switcher Profile?

It allows you to switch between local and roaming profile

To switch between a roaming and local user profile

Open System in Control Panel.

On the Advanced tab, under User Profiles, click Settings.
Under Profiles stored on this computer, click the user profile you want to change, and
then click Change Type

55. How do you set a profile as a Roaming Profile in Win XP?

To create a roaming profile:

On your Windows-based computer, create a dedicated account with administrative

rights as profile administrator. Create this account in Active Directory Users and
Computers. Also create a share named "profiles" on the server.
If you are creating a template profile, set the template user account to equivalent or
similar rights and permissions as the users who will be receiving a copy of the profile.

In Active Directory Users and Computers, add the user profile path location in the User
Environment Profile dialog box. Open the User Properties dialog box for a user account,
and then click Profiles to add the user profile path. The path location should be similar
to the following path, where server name is the appropriate server name,share name is
the profiles folder you made in step one, and user name is the appropriate user name:

\\server name\share name\user name

Click Start, point to Settings, click Control Panel, and then double-click System.

On the User Profiles tab, click the existing local profile for profile administrator that you
want to copy, and then click Copy To.

In the Copy profile to box, specify the universal naming convention (UNC) path to the
user's profile folder, for example, \\server name\share name\user profile folder.

Click the user permitted to use this profile, click OK to copy the profile, and then click
OK to close System Properties.

Log on to a Windows-based computer. Click Start, point to Settings, click Control Panel,
and then double-click System. On the User Profiles tab, the logon user profile type
should be listed as Roaming

56. What is an OSI Layer in Networking?

Open System Interconnection, model defines a networking framework for implementing

protocols in seven layers. Control is passed from one layer to the next, starting at the
application layer in one station, proceeding to the bottom layer, over the channel to the
next station and back up the hierarchy.
Physical, Data,Network, Transport, Session, Presentation, Application are the seven OSI
layers in network

57. What is the importance of Anti Virus programs?

Anti-virus are softwares that monitors for any viruses or spyware changes on the
computer if found it deletes the viruses or spyware

58. How do you underline word in MS Word?

Highlight the word be undelined with the word highligted>press Ctrl+U

In Format Toolbar>Click U

59. How do you run IE from the Run Command in Win XP?

Start>run>iexplore

For Mozilla
Start>run>firefox

60. What is a netstat command?

The netstat command symbolically displays the contents of various network-related data
structures for active connections.

The Interval parameter, specified in seconds, continuously displays information

regarding packet traffic on the configured network interfaces.

61. What is Java

Java is a programming language to create active user web documenatation

62. What is ICMP

Internet Control Message Protocol

63. What is APIPA

Automatic Private IP Addressing

63. What is DNS flush how to do it?

DNS flush is deleting the cached DNS names on the computer

In XP

Start>run>cmd>ipconfig /flushdns

In MAC

Terminal>Utilites>Apllication>command>in command type lookupd -flushcache

64. What is TRACE ROUTE

Trace route determines the path taken by a single packet in a network

In MAC
Finder>Applet>Utilites>Command>traceroute www.xyz.com
will give the route for xyz website

In Windows

Start>run>command>tracert www.xyz.com
C:/Windows/System32/tracert www.yahoo.com
will give trace routr for yahoo

In linux
Command>tracepath www.zzz.com

65. How to find IP in MAC ?

Launch the Network Utility.

In the Network Utility window, click the Lookup tab.

In the field under "Please enter an internet address to lookup", enter the IP address or
domain name of the computer you are looking up.

In the pop-up menu next to "Select the information to lookup:", select Default
Information.

In versions of Mac OS X prior to 10.4.x, uncheck the checkbox next to Use "dig" in place
of "nslookup".

Click the Lookup button.