40%

36%
(CO2).

36%
1/3
CO2

 31/2010

31 2018
31 2020



,
,
31/2010.


,


I:

:

)
(
):
i),
ii),
iii) ,
iv)
v)


) ,


)

) ,

) (
)


), ,

)
)


Net Zero site Energy:


Net Zero source Energy:
.

.
,

Net Zero Energy Costs:

.

Net Zero Energy Emissions:

(
)
.

Zero Energy Building

Zero Energy Building

().
().
Net Expected Benefit (NEB)
CO2
Life Cycle Analysis Net Energy Ratio (NER):

:
(Generation Consumption
Effectiveness Index), (
):



1.

,

/



BEMS



3.

BEMS (Building Energy

Management Systems)



2.

: Oberlin, OH
:

: 1260 m2
:


: 9/2000
:

()



/ 60 kW ()
/ 100 kW (
)
Lewis :



.
Lewis

/
-0,013 kWh/m2



: 2005
:
: 2332 m2
: 2


1.
2.

3.

4.

.

U

(1979).
(U=0,857 W/m2K> Umax=0,7 W/m2K).
U=0,52W/m2K<0,7 W/m2K.
. H
350.000 kcal/h
500.000 kcal/h

: 500 Mcal/h
581,4 kW

 &

High Power LED 3generation

 &

BEMS

 &

: U=0,41 W/m2K -> U=0,20
W/m2K ()
: U=0,52 W/m2K -> U=0,20
W/m2K
: U=0,857 W/m2K >U= 0,24 W/m2K
( )

 &

(window films)

 &

(window films)

 &

(window films)

 &

2009-2011
50000
584.348,71 kWh.
45940 .

 &

: QEFL-I
P: 200 cal/h 232 kW
: PN16, PN25
: 120C
:

 &

 &

 &

 &

 &

,
0,5 0,8 m/s.

1,8 m
2,5 m .

10 m2.

 &

1
2 .
500 m2.

:
500 m2 10 m2/ = 50 .

, ,
( )

 &

55W
42 .

 &

 &

25
20 .
,
45 . , :
=
100 45 / = 4500

 &

 &

LED

( watt)
(
)
, 40.000

/

(13 kilolumen),
1,5/kilolumen
2015

 &

High Power LED 3d generation

( )

lm
2
lux 2 lm lux m
m

lm
lm

 &

High Power LED 3d generation

 &

High Power LED 3d generation

H 21.386 W
9.873 W 54%.

H
26,8kWh/m2 11,4kWh/m2.

 &

E / 10 kWp :
40 / ESP series60 Mono 250Wp (ExelGroup)
(1639x983mm), 30 (. 15,73%)
Sunny Mini Central 5000A (20 /
)
DC & AC

: 11,90 MWh

 &

:
/ : 23293,2
& /:
4150,18
: 1307,65
: 1000,00
: 29751,02

& / : 400
.

 &

BEMS
BEMS (Building Energy Management System)
20%.
BEMS


BEMS /
, 22000 .

 &

WC

 &

,
.



,
+

.
/ 10 kWp
11%.

( 1)

61,8%
88%,
57,4%

( 2)
75,4%

84,8%,
57,4%


,
54%

61,8%


( )


( )

91%





.


+
32,5 kWh/m2
181,4 kWh/m2

,


.



,
, .

45 35 oC
.

60-90 oC
.
:
( 233 m2)
(
) 10%