The Province of Moho

●

THE PROVINCE OF MOHOIN THE ARCHAEOLOGY ARROUNDDE LAKE TITICACA

(DEPARTMENT OF PUNO – HIGHLANDS OF PERU)NEW DISCOVERIES

BYERNEST-EMILELOPEZ-SANSON de LONGVAL *

(TRASLATE TO ENGLISH IRINA TATARINOVA)

●

The archaeology of the area round the Titicaca lake is a geographic space which limited by the semi-subterranean little- temple of Chiripa (which cultural expansion was almost as far as Puerto Acosta from in Bolivia from the one side and the cultural space of Pukara, wich is sufficiently extended according to estimaione which is in Moho was based on different human groups.Everything indicates that in that geographic space, social groups were independently developed from its formative to its assimilation by their neighbors, and in this Province as the results of our works show, we have put in evidence an architecture that represents the central cultural axis of that particular process,where as the establishment of the formative horizon.

●

En la arqueología circunlacustre del lago Titicaca, el espacio geográfico que va desde el templete semisubterráneo de Chiripa (cuyo límite de expansión cultural fue casi hasta Puerto Acosta, en Bolivia) y el espacio cultural Pukará, es lo suficientemente extenso como para presuponer que en Moho se asentó un grupo humano diferenciado.

Todo indica que en ese espacio geográfico, grupos sociales se desarrollaron de manera autónoma desde su formativo hasta su asimilación por parte de sus vecinos, y que en esta Provincia como resultado de nuestros trabajos, hemos puesto en evidencia una arquitectura que representaría el eje central de ese proceso cultural propio, en tanto que asentamiento de horizonte formativo.

●

Dans l'archéologie qu'entoure le lac Titicaca, l'espace géographique que va dès le temple demi-enterré de Chiripa (où la limite d'expansion culturelel fut presqu'à Puerto Acosta en Bolivie) et l'espace culturel Pukara, est suffisamment étendu pour présupposer qu'à Moho s'est établi un groupe humain differencié.Tout indique que dans ledit espace géographique, des groupes sociales se sont developpés de manière autonome dès son formatif jusqu'à son asimilation de part de ses voisins, et que dans cette Province comme resultat de notre recherche, nous avons mis en évidence l'axe central de ce procès culturel propre en tant que site de l'horizon formatif.

I

INTRODUCTION PREVIOUS RESEARCH'S

The location of the Moho Province as it lays in the Department of Puno and isadjacent to the Bolivia border is the cause of its great staying away in the works ofarchaeological research.The Moho Province which lays to the west of Lake Titicaca is under Peruanjurisdiction an the southern its part is under Bolivia and the northern in Huancané withwich it had been forming a part until it was declaired a category of Province of Puno'sDepartment according to Law 25360 from December 12, 1991.Within its bborders there are Moho District with the capital Villa Moho, Conimawith the capital of Conima Town, Tilali with the capital of Tilali Town and Huayrapata.

These borders have been planned in the designated maps of the Geographic PeruInstitut in 1961 in scale 1:100.000 31-x Huancané, 31-y Moho and 32-y Island of Soto.Kideer and Tshopik visited it in 1945. as a result Kidder (Kidder 1955) gainssucess concerning eventual existence of a formative horizon in the sector in the East ofthe lake on having said "

It is hard to believe that someone of the known ones and more formed cultures of the Titicaca Hoya, could be considered, definitively, by the most ancient in the area, it not seems to be possible that entire populations represent some remains, neglecting the possible relations of those with those or other districts (...) Respect of the predecessors inhabitants of the Titicaca Hoya, seems to the more primitive to be reasonable to suppose that they were peoples dedicated to the agriculture in times previous fo the days of Fluke, Pukara and Primitive Culture Tiwanaku (...) We,mybe, we see in the eastern part for the origin of the style Tiwanaku, since Ryden has suggested

".The program of Neira Avendaño and Amat Olazábal appers later in 1965, where itwas made a shallow description of 13 archaeological sites, trying to excavate some, butwithout trying either to search their cultural sequence or giving theoretical grounds sothis work was interrupted .It was the only reserch concerning ProvinceIn 2004 a permission granted by Resolution of the National Institute of Culture ofPeru was issued out we initiate an axploration of the Province, with its financing by"

Centre de Recherche et Diffusion Archéologique

" institution with offices based inFrance this project was rapaid by archaeologyst sof different Universities of Latin-America and directed by the author of these lines.Our study was carried out in the geographical area laying between thearchaeological sites of Chiripa in Bolivia to the Southwest of the Lake Titicaca andPukara's ceremonial center to the Northeast of the same lake and being already a Peruanterritory.This geographical space that goes from moderate semi-underground of Chiripawich is limited by the cultural expansion stretched almost up to Puerto Acosta in theborder with Peru in Bolivia, and the cultural space Pukara, it is the sufficiently extensivething as to presuppose that settled a human differentiated group in Moho.