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Semantic web
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The Semantic Web is known to be a network of information, which is linked up and iseasily sorted out by machines. This is an extension to the already existing World Wide Weband processing is done on a global scale. It works in an agent-based environment and processing is done through the globally linked databases. We will discuss the Semantic Webin contrast of a knowledge-based system, which is based on the schemes and techniques of Artificial Intelligence. It uses databases for reference and processing. Semantic Web followsthe rules of knowledge-based system.Semantic WebThe idea of Semantic Web was given by Tim Berners-Lee, who is one of the inventorsof WWW. Semantic Web technology is in its early stage and team of people at W3C isworking to improve it further. Web pages are designed in a way that can only beunderstandable by humans. The purpose of Semantic Web is to store the data in a way thatcan help computers to understand and link with other databases
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. This will reduce the searchtime and will give out better results. Semantic Web enables the computer agents to roamfreely and find out their required information on web pages, which is contrary to the ordinaryweb pages, which redirect to the other page and sometimes gives the error 404 – Page notfound. In this way, machines will start understanding the request and displaying the requiredinformation from different sources.Knowledge-Based SystemIt is a type of database, which is used for knowledge management. Machine collects,organize and later retrieve the information from the databases. Neural networks and expertsystems are the examples of knowledge-based system.
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Thomas B. Passin (2004-03-01).Explorer's Guide to the Semantic Web
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Manning Publications.
 
Semantic Web in Contrast of Knowledge-Bases SystemsThe concept of knowledge-based system is quite old than Semantic Web, which israther a new concept. Semantic Web uses the technologies of knowledge based system and isconsidered to be an example of knowledge based system.Knowledge based systems follows the mechanisms of Artificial Intelligence andworks on the basis of the relationship between a system’s explicit knowledge representationand its intelligent behavior. But there is a problem in Knowledge Acquisition; the KnowledgeAcquisition bottleneck is the complexity of acquiring, representing and further preserving theknowledge base of an intelligent system. Knowledge based systems were considered to beexpensive in the beginning and this had been overcome by developing new techniques of knowledge sharing and reuse. This technique helped in reducing the cost and improving thequality as well. The concept of sharing and reusing of knowledge was adopted in SemanticWeb technologies.The collection of information on the Semantic Web is known as Ontology
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. It is thethird basic component of the Semantic Web. Ontology is a theory about the nature of existence; the existence of anything and its types. It is a file, which holds the informationabout the relations among different terms. Taxonomy is one of the types of ontology for theSemantic Web. It defines classes of objects and also the relation, which exists among them.Subclasses are defined and they inherit the properties of the parent class. The concept of classes, objects and their attributes is similar to the Object Oriented Programming and thesame technique is used in Semantic Web. These are the tools, used among entities for collecting the information from different databases. An example of finding a location can be
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Pascal Hitzler, Markus Krötzsch, Sebastian Rudolph (2009-08-25).Foundations of Semantic WebTechnologies.CRCPress
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