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FRQFRPLWHQW GRX

FRQGL LL LOH IDFWRULORU GLIHU vQWUH LQGXVWULL vQWUH vQ UL DILUP F  ILLQG L GDWH SURGXFHUHD H[SRUWXO

LQWHQVLW

vQ]HVWUDUHD FX IDFWRUL GH SURGXF LH GLIHU WHRUHP PDL GLQ VXV UL VH ED]HD] SH PRGHOXO ULOH VH

3ULPD

+HFNVFKHU 2KOLQ

premiselH
Q

DPLQWLWH

VSHFLDOL]HD]

P UIXULORU LQWHQVLYH vQ IDFWRULL DEXQGHQ L LPSRUWkQG vQ VFKLPE P UIXUL LQWHQVLYH vQ IDFWRULL UDUL SHQWUX DFHVWH JHQHUDO FRPHU XO GLIHUHQ HOH GLQWUH UL SULYLQG

abunGHQ D IDcWRULORU L UHGXFH SULQFLSDOHOH HIHFWH DOH DFHVWRU GLIHUHQ H

'HPRQVWUD LD DFHVWHL WHRUHPH VH SRDWH IDFH XUPkQG GRX F F L  DU WkQG GLIHUHQ HOH vQ YHUVLXQL GLIHUHQ HOH vQ vQ]HVWUDUHD FX IDFWRUL GH SURGXF LH FRQGXF OD GLIHUHQ H DOH FXUEHORU SURSRU LHL IDFWRULORU VDX  DU WkQG F Q FRQWLQXDUH VH YRU DERUGD

de transformare (versiXQHD
YHUVLXQHD PHQ LQkQGX SUH XULORU

SULYLQ D SUH XULORU IDFWRULORU FRQGXF OD GLIHUHQ H vQ SULYLQ D SUH XULORU P UIXULORU UHODWLYH FD L DPEHOH D FHULQ HL IL[H GH IDFWRUL GH

-se premisa -

n modelul ricardian -

SURGXF LH SH XQLWDWHD GH SURGXV IDEULFDW

2.3.1

Q]HVWUDUHD

ULORU FX IDFWRUL GH SURGXF LH

'DF vQWU-R DU FDSLWDOXO DU IL QHOLPLWDW SURGXF LD DFHVWHLD DU GHSLQGH FD n modelul lui Ricardo, numai de FHULQ D L GH GLVSRQLELOLW LOH GH PXQF  EconoPLD DU SURGXFH JUkX L VWUXQJXUL FD vQ ILJXUD  GH-a lungul dreptei MM', FDUH H[SULP 'DF UHVWULF LD IDFWRUXOXL PXQF  HFRQRPLD DU GLVSXQH GH FDQWLW QHFHVDUXO L GLVSRQLELOXO L QHOLPLWDWH GH PXQF  SURGXF LD DU GH FDSLWDO L HFRQRPLD DU SURGXFH UHVWULF LD FDSLWDOXOXL VDX &&
 FHUHUHD

depinde doar de

P UIXULOH PHQ LRQDWH GH D OXQJXO GUHSWHL &&

 FDUH UHSUH]LQW

Q RULFDUH GLQ FHOH GRX

FD]XUL H[WUHPH SUH]HQWDWH SUH XO UHODWLY DO JUkXOXL LORU GH SURGXF LH 00

corespunde pantei liniei posibiOLW

LQIOXHQ kQG GRDU VWUXFWXUD SURGXF LHL 'DF DU IL OLPLWDW

GRDU PXQFD SUH XO UHODWLY DO JUkXOXL DU IL PDL ULGLFDW

FX XUP WRDUHD GDF SUH XO UHODWLY V

GHFkW vQ VLWXD LD vQ FDUH DU IL OLPLWDW GRDU FDSLWDOXO

-ar stabili -ar FRUHVSXQGH R FDQWLWDWH PDL PDUH GH VWUXQJXUL GHFkW vQ VLWXD LD vQ FDUH SUH XO PHQ LRQDW VGRDU SRWULYLW FRQ LQXWXOXL GH PXQF DU VWDELOL SRWULYLW FDSLWDOXO ILLQG JUDWXLW XQHL XQLW L IL]LFH GH JUkX L  FRQ LQXWXO FRQ LQXWXOXL GH FDSLWDO PXQFD ILLQG JUDWXLW L IL]LFH GH JUkX HVWH HJDO FX FHO DO L IL]LFH GH JUkX HVWH HJDO FX FHO DO XQLW XQLW  $GLF GH

$FHDVW

DILUPD LH HVWH HFKLYDOHQW

munF

DO XQHL XQLW

L VWUXQJXUL LDU FRQ LQXWXO GH L VWUXQJXUL

FDSLWDO DO XQHL XQLW

fiind mai mare

7HRULL L PRGHOH SULYLQG UHOD LLOH HFRQRPLFH LQWHUQD LRQDOH

dect

 'HFL OD VWUXQJXUL FRQ LQXWXO UHODWLY GH FDSLWDO HVWH PDL ULGLFDW GHFkW FRQ LQXWXO  LDU OD JUkX LQYHUV FRQ LQXWXO UHODWLY GH PXQF HVWH PDL ULGLFDW GHFkW  FDSLW

UHODWLY GH PXQF

FRQ LQXWXO UHODWLY GH FDSLWDO &RQFUHW FRQVLGHUkQG UDSRUWXO PXQF

al la gru egal

cu unitatea, atunci acest raport la strunguri va fi egal cu

Cantitatea de strunguri

C Q X2 Q

X1

Cantitatea de gru
LHL

Figura 2 2IHUWH IL[H GH IDFWRUL L VWUXFWXUD SURGXF

'DF H[LVW UHODWLY

LQHP VHDPD GH DPEHOH UHVWULF LL FRQVWDW P F L UHDOH HVWH GH GH SURGXF LH FRQGL LLOH LDU SXQFWXO 4

GRDU v

n aria OMQC
SURGXF LD FXUEHL GH

SRVLELOLW DO

UHSUH]LQW GH SDQWD

FRUHVSXQ] WRDUH RFXS ULL FRPSOHWH D IDFWRULORU GH SURGXF LH Q DFHVW SXQFW SUH XO JUkXOXL GDW FHUHULL UHVSHFWLY

izoutLOLWDWH FHD PDL vQDOW afirPD F JUkXO HVWH intensive n capital.

)LLQG GDWH

 FH WUHFH SULQ DFHVW SXQFW LQWHQVLY LOH vQ PXQF vQ GHFkW VWUXQJXULOH vQ FDUH FDUH VXQW PDL SH

QWUXFkW vQ 4 SDQWD UHVWULF LHL 00

HVWH PDL PDUH GHFkW D &&
 SXWHP PDL

LQWHQVLW

IDFWRULORU

FRQGL LLOH

DFHWLD

VXQW

deSOLQ XWLOL]D L R FUHWHUH D RIHUWHL XQXL IDFWRU GH SURGXF LH DUH GUHSW FRQVHFLQ sporiUHD SURGXF LHL P UILL LQWHQVLYH vQ DFHO IDFWRU L UHGXFHUHD SURGXF LHL FHOHLODOWH $FHDVW VLWXD LH FXQRVFXW FD teorema lui Rybczynski HVWH GHVFULV vQ ILJXUD  n figura 2.4 este evident cum, n urma sporirii disponibilului de capital al
HFRQRPLHL FDQWLWDWHD GH PXQF U PkQkQG FRQVWDQW  SURGXF LD GH VWUXQJXUL FUHWH D1 PXQF L E1 FDSLWDO DVWIHO F

iar cea de gru scade. n industria 1 o unitate de produs QHFHVLW volumele utilizate sunt:
M1 = a1 X1
L &1

= b1 X1
WRDUH VXQW

2.10 a,b

n cea de-D GRXD LQGXVWULH UHOD LLOH FRUHVSXQ]

M2 = a2 X2
L &2

= b2 X2

2.11a,b
LOH GH IDFWRUL 0& DWXQFL

'DF

VXQW XWLOL]DWH FRPSOHW GLVSRQLELOLW

M = M1 + M2 = a1 X1 + a2 X2

2.12

$EXQGHQ D UHODWLY

D IDFWRULORU GH SURGXF LH &HUHUHD UHFLSURF

C = C1 + C2 = b1 X1 + b2 X2

2.13

Cantitatea de strunguri

C* C

Q*

C*

Cantitatea de gru

Figura 2.4: Teorema lui Rybczinsky

6ROX LLOH DFHVWRU HFXD LL SHQWUX ;2

sunt:
2.14 2.15

X2 = M/a2 - (a1/a2) X1 X2 = C/b2 - (b1/b2) X1

'DF VH SUH]LQW FDQWLW vQ ILJXUD  L E2 D1

LOH GH FDSLWDO L PXQF 5H]XOW F

/a2) > (b1/b2 UHVWULF LD SXV GH PXQF HVWH PDL DEUXSW  DD FXP /a2) > (b1/a1). Dar b2/a2, notat cu k2, este raportul ntre
QHFHVDUH SURGXFHULL XQHL XQLW WRU UDPXULL  LQGXVWULD  VWUXQJXUL HVWH PDL LQWHQVLY

L GH SURGXV vQ UDPXUD vQ FDSLWDO GHFkW 

2, iar k1 este cel coresSXQ] (gru).

6ROX LLOH HFXD LLORU  L  VXQW XUP WRDUHOH

X1 = (b2M - a2 C) / (a1 b2 - a2 b1) X2 = (a1 C - b1 M) / (a1 b2 - a2 b1)

QWUXFkW QXPLWRUXO HVWH SR]LWLY UH]XOW F

2.16 2.17
R FUHWHUH D OXL & vQ FRQGL LL GH

RFXSDUH GHSOLQ  FUHWH SURGXF LD OXL ;2 L R UHGXFH SH FHD D OXL ;1 vQ FRQFRUGDQ

cu teorema lui Rybczynski.

'LIHUHQ D FRQFUHWL]HD] UHIOHFW SHQWUX GLQWUH FHOH GRX UL SULYLQG vQ]HVWUDUHD FX IDFW

ori se

vQ FXUEH GLIHULWH GH WUDQVIRUPDUH 3UHPLVD WHKQRORJLLORU LGHQWLFH VH VLWXD LH HVWH GHVFULV DUD , FXUED SRVLELOLW LORU GH SURGXF LH HVWH &4

LQ SDQWHOH LGHQWLFH DOH UHVWULF LLORU IDFWRULORU $FHDVW DUD ,, FXUED SRVLELOLW LORU GH SURGXF LH HVWH &
4
0
 Q

vQ ILJXUD  XQGH SHQWUX

M, iar

DUD , SUH XO UHODWLY DO DUD ,, GH

JUkXOXL HVWH GDW GH SDQWD GUHSWHL &4 UHVWULF LD IDFWRUXOXL FDSLWDO LDU vQ SDQWD OXL 0
4
UHVWULF LD IDFWRUXOXL PXQF 

7HRULL L PRGHOH SULYLQG UHOD LLOH HFRQRPLFH LQWHUQD LRQDOH

QWUXFkW SUH XULOH UHODWLYH DOH P UIXULORU GLIHU UHVXUVH UHODWLY DEXQGHQWH GH PXQF L 4
3
 &RQVHFLQ HOH VXQW

vQWUH FHOH GRX

UL FHD FX

YD H[SRUWD 41 JUkX LDU FHD FX UHVXUVH UHODWLY

DEXQGHQWH GH FDSLWDO YD H[SRUWD 4

1
VWUXJXUL OD SUH XO UHODWLY GDW GH SDQWD OXL 43

fiecaUH

DU

YD DWLQJH XQ QLYHO PDL vQDOW GH FRQVXP YD

XWLOL]D FRPSOHW UHVXUVHOH GH SURGXF LH L VH YD vQUHJLVWUD R HJDOL]DUH D SUH XOXL

reODWLY DO P

UIXULORU VFKLPEDWH

2.3.2
QWUH

3UH XULOH IDFWRULORU L DOH P

UIXULORU

SUH XULOH

P UIXULORU

DOH

IDFWRULORU

H[LVW

UHOD LH

VWUkQV 

ModificaUHD SUH XOXL UHODWLY DO XQHL P UIL DWUDJH R PRGLILFDUH vQ DFHODL VHQV D SUH XOXL UHOaWLY DO IDFWRUXOXL LQWHQVLY SHQWUX DFHD PDUI  GHILQLW SULQ UDSRUWDUHD venitului respectivului factor la venitul celuilalt factor. n figura 2.4 punctul Q se
DVRFLD] XWLOL] ULL FRPSOHWH D IDFWRULORU GH SURGXF LH FkQG DWkW UDWD VDODULXOXL FkW L XQXO GLQ IDFWRUL DU IL VXE XWLOL]DW L YHQLWXO FDSLWDOXOXL DX YDORUL SR]LWLYH 'DF VF GHD YHQLWXO L SUH XO UHODWLY OD ]HUR LDU SUH XO UHODWLY DGLF UHVWULF LLOH SXVH RFXS ULL DO

-ar al celuilalt ar tinde spre

OLPLWHOH UHODWLY PHQ LRQDWH VH UHG IDFWRUXOXL DO

LQILQLW 3UH XO UHODWLY DO JUkXOXL SRDWH YDULD DYkQG FD OLPLWH SDQWHOH OXL 00
L &&
GH IDFWRULL GH SURGXF LH 2ULFXP SUH XO UHODWLY DO JUkXOXL LQ D IDFWRULORU LDU SH VH YD DIOD vQWUH SUH XO vQ ILJXUD  XQGH SH DEVFLV RUGRQDW FRQGL LLOH SUH XO FRPSOHWH P UIL

'HVFULHUHD DFHVWRU HFXD LL HVWH UHDOL]DW UHODWLY XQHL JUkX 

intensiv (munca) pentru acea marI

R SDUWH GLQ UHVXUVHOH GH PXQF

&kQG SUH XO UHODWLY DO JUkXOXL HVWH GDW GH SDQWD UHVWULF LHL FDSLWDOXOXL 23
 VXQW QH IRORVLWH UDWD VDODULXOXL HVWH ]HUR L SUH XO

relativ al muncii este zero.

&kQG SUH XO UHODWLY DO JUkXOXL HVWH GDW GH SDQWD UHVWULF LHL PXQFLL 23

 R

parte din caSLWDO U rHODWLY DO JUkXOXL la OW2.

PkQH QH IRORVLW L YHQLWXO V X HVWH ]HUR UHVSHFWLY SUH XO UHODWLY DO vQWUH DFHVWH GRX H[WUHPH

PXQFLL HVWH LQILQLW &kQG SUH XO UHODWLY DO JUkXOXL VH DIO FUHWH GH OD 231

SUH XO UHODWLY DO PXQFLL HVWH SR]LWLY L FUHWH FX SUH XO UHODWLY DO JUkXOXL &kQG SUH XO

la OP2

SUH XO UHODWLY DO PXQFLL FUHWH GH OD 2:1

Q FRQGL LL GH HFKLOLEUX

SH WHUPHQ OXQJ SUH XULOH VXQW HJDOH FX FRVWXULOH

FDUH VXQW HJDOH FX UHPXQHUDUHD IDFWRULORU SH XQLWDWHD GH SURGXV DGLF 

p1 = w a1 + r b1

S2

= w a2 + r b2
SUH XULOH FHORU GRX HFXD L

2.38 , 2.19
P UIXUL Z HVWH UDWD VDODULLORU LDU U

HVWH YHQLWXO FDSLWDOXOXL 6ROX LLOH FHORU GRX

unde p1, p2 VXQW

i simultane sunt:
2.20 2.21

w = (b2 p1 - b1 p2) / (a1 b2 - a2 b1) r = (a1 p2 - a2 p1) / (a1 b2 - a2 b1)

Numitorul (pe care-O YRP QRWD vQ FRQWLQXDUH FX 1 HVWH SR]LWLY GDF industria 2 este mai LQWHQVLY vQ FDSLWDO GHFkW LQGXVWULD  (FXD LLOH  L  pot fi re scrise ntr-R IRUP FRQYHQDELO  DVWIHO
w = (b2p2/N)/(p1/p2 b1/b2) r = (a2p2/N)/(a1/a2 p1/p2) 2.22 2.23

$EXQGHQ D UHODWLY

D IDFWRULORU GH SURGXF LH &HUHUHD UHFLSURF

3UH XO UHODWLY DO PXQFLL

W2 W1 P2 O P'
Figura 2 3UH

P''

P1
XULOH IDFWRULORU L DOH P UI

3UH XO UHODWLY DO JUkXOXL

urilor

ntruct b1/b2 < p1/p2 < a1/a2

w/r = (b2/a2) (p1/p2 - b1/b2) / (a1/a2 - p1/p2)
UH]XOW F

Z U ! 

2.24

R PRGLILFDUH D OXL S1

/p2

LPSOLF

R PRGLILFDUH GH DFHODL VHQV D

lui w/r.
&XUED GLQ ILJXUD  DSOLFDW F  GDF DPEHORU UL SDUWLFLSDQWH OD VFKLPEXUL DUDW UL vQ SUH XO UHODWLY DO XQXL IDFWRU PXQFD HVWH PDL VF ]XW vQ XQD GLQ ILH PDL VF ]XW L PDUID DO F UHL DUD YD H[SRUWD PDUID UHVSHFWLY  SUH UHODWLY HVWH PDL PLF LQ FRQGL LL GH  YD FUHWH L FDUDFWHUL]HD]

abVHQ D

VFKLPEXULORU H[WHUQH DWXQFL L SUH XO UHODWLY DO P UILL LQWHQVLYH LQ DFHO 2 DU H[SRUW

IDFWRU JUkX WUHEXLH V

autarKLH &D XUPDUH D H[SRUWXOXL vL FUHWH SUH XO UHODWLY L vQ FRQVHFLQ

SUH XO UHODWLY DO IDFWRUXOXL LQWHQVLY SHQWUX DFHD PDUI  6LWXD LD RSXV FHDODOW PDUI L UHVSHFWLY FHO ODOW IDFWRU GH SURGXF LH L GHPRQVWUDW DUD vQ]HVWUDW $FHDVWD HVWH WHRUHPD IRUPXODW

GH :ROIJDQJ 6WROSHU L VFKLPEXULOH H[WHUQH DEXQGHQW FX DFHVW IDFWRU

PaXO 6DPXHOVRQ 2 FRQVHFLQ

vQ DUD PDL DEXQGHQW vQ]HVWUDW

D DFHVWHL WHRUHPH HVWH DFHHD F

YRU VSRUL SRQGHUHD PXQFLL vQ YHQLWXO UHDO vQ

L YRU UHGXFH SRQGHUHD FRUHVSXQ] WRDUH D FDSLWDOXOXL HIHFWXO RSXV vQUHJLVWUkQGX FX FDSLWDO $VWIHO VSXV vQ DUD FX PXQF YD FUHWH VDODULXO UHDO L YD VF GHD YHQLWXO UHDO DO FDSLWDOXOXL LDU vQ SDUWLFLS ULL OD VFKLPEXUL

-se

DEXQGHQW

DUD FX FDSLWDO

DEXQGHQW YD FUHWH YHQLWXO UHDO DO FDSLWDOXOXL L YD VF GHD VDODULXO UHDO FD XUPDUH D

Din rHOD LLOH  L  SRW IL GHGXVH capitalului, exprimate n bunul intensiv n capital:
w/p2 = b2/N (p1/p2 - b1/b2) r/p2 = a2/N (a1/a2 - p1/p2)

VDODULXO UHDO L YHQLWXO UHDO DO

2.25 2.26

7HRULL L PRGHOH SULYLQG UHOD LLOH HFRQRPLFH LQWHUQD LRQDOH

GH PXQF

H[SULPDWH vQ EXQXO FX FRQ LQXW ULGLFDW GH FDSLWDO &RQFOX]LD HVWH DFHHDL L GDF

Este evident F R FUHWHUH D SUH XOXL UHODWLY DO EXQXOXL FX FRQ LQXW ULGLFDW S1/p2 VSRUHWH VDODULXO UHDO L UHGXFH YHQLWXO UHDO DO FDSLWDOXOXL DPEHOH
FHOH GRX P ULPL VH H[SULP vQ EXQXO FX

FRQ LQXW ULGLFDW GH PXQF  3HQWUX DFHDVWD vPS U LP UHOD LLOH  L  OD S1

w/p1 = (b2/N) (p2/p1) (p1/p2 - b1/b2) = = b2/N [1 - (b1/b2) (p2/p1)] r/p1 = (a2/N) (p2/p1) (a1/a2 - p1/p2) = a2/N) [(a1/a2) (p2/p1) - 1]
(VWH HYLGHQW F ULGLFDW GH PXQF  VH PRGLILF 3H GH DOW

2.27 2.28

VDODULXO UHDO H[SULPDW vQ SURGXVXO UDPXULL  FX FRQ LQXW vQ DFHODL VHQV LDU YHQLWXO UHDO DO FDSLWDOXOXL vQ VHQV F HJDOLWDWHD vQWUH

RSXV FX SUH XO UHODWLY DO EXQXOXL GLQ UDPXUD SDUWH VH REVHUY

1 (inversul lui p2/p1).

UL D SUH XOXL UHODWLY DO

P UIXULORU FRQGXFH SRWULYLW UHOD LLORU  -  OD HJDOLWDWHD vQWUH UL D salariLORU UHDOH L D YHQLWXULORU FDSLWDOXOXL vQ H[SUHVLH UeDO  Aceasta este chiar teorema HJDOL] ULL SUH XOXL IDFWRULORU FDUH DILUP  'DF V-DU IDFH DEVWUDF LH GH EDULHUHOH FRPHUFLDOH L GH FRVWXULOH GH WUDQVSRUW GLQWUH GRX UL FDUH XWLOL]HD] DFHOHDL WHKQRORJLL FRPHU XO UHFLSURF DU UL vQ SULYLQ D SU

conduce la egalitatea ntre cele dou

e XULORU IDFWRULORU

2.3.3

([WHQVLL L YHULILFDUHD HPSLULF

D PRGHOXOXL

(i) Modelul Heckscher - Ohlin poate fi extins prin luarea n considerare a

PDL PXOWRU 'DF LDU UL P UIXUL L  VDX IDFWRUL GH SURGXF LH LQWURGXFHP vQ PRGHO R D WUHLD DU  YRP FRQVWDWD F DUD FX FHO PDL FRQ LQXW PDL SULYLQG ULGLFDW VWRF GH FDSLWDO SH OXFU WRU YD H[SRUWD PDUID FX FRQ LQXW PDL vQDOW GH FDSLWDO DUD FX FHO PDL PLF VWRF GH FDSLWDO SH OXFU WRU YD H[SRUWD PDUID FX WUHLD UL GDF QX GLVSXQHP GH LQIRUPD LL ULGLFDW GH PXQF  'DU QX SXWHP IDFH SUHGLF LL

cu privire la structura schimburilor

VXSOLPHQWDUH

celei de-D

FRQGL LLOH FHUHULL L DOH RIHUWHL 7RDWH FHOH 

UL YRU SURGXFH OD vQWUHDJD FDSDFLWDWH

iar strucWXUD SURGXF LHL YD IL FODU  Singurul element de nedeterminare va fi structura schimburilor celei de-a
WUHLD UL 'DF LQWURGXFHP vQ PRGHO R D WUHLD PDUI  VWUXFWXUD SURGXF LHL HVWH QH DU OD L QLFL VWUXFWXUD VFKLPEXULORU FRQ LQXWXO PHGLX GH IDFWRUL DO GHWHUPLQDW  Q JHQHUDO FkQG QXP UXO P UIXULORU GHS HWH QXP UXO IDFWRULORU QX SXWHP SUHFL]D VWUXFWXUD SURGXF LHL GLQ ILHFDUH 7RWXL VH SRW IDFH vQ DSUHFLHUL XWLOH FX SULYLUH

schimEXULORU
'DF

ULL LDU WH

orema Stolper - 6DPXHOVRQ vL S VWUHD] YDOLGLWDWHD PRGHO VH LQWURGXFH DO WUHLOHD factor GDU VXQW GRDU GRX P aU
 DU

UIXUL

PRGHOXO QX PDL DUH VROX LL GHWHUPLQDQWH DGLF IDFWRUXO UHODWLY DEXQGHQW GLQ ILHFDUH

ILLQG SUHD SX LQH P UIXUL QX VH

SRDWH FDOFXOD SUH XO IDFWRULORU GH SURGXF LH L QLFL QX VH SRDWH SUHFL]D FDUH HVWH 2KOLQ SRDWH IL H[WLQV RULFkW GH PXOW FX FRQGL LD FD DUH XQ SXQFW vQWUH UL

Modelul Heckscher QXP UXO DULORU V GH RFXSDUH GHSOLQ

ILH HJDO FX DO P UIXULORU L DO IDFWRULORU )LHFDUH

vQ FDUH SURGXFH R FROHF LH GH P UIXUL XQLF GHWHUPLQDW  vQ

IXQF LH GH vQ]HVWUDUHD VD FX IDFWRUL GH SURGXF LH SUH XULOH IDFWRULORU GLIHU L FRPHU XO UHFLSURF DUH HIHFWH SUHYL]LELOH DVXSUD DFHVWRU SUH XUL

$EXQGHQ D UHODWLY

D IDFWRULORU GH SURGXF LH &HUHUHD UHFLSURF

O extensie a modelului Heckscher-2KOLQ R RIHU

A = (aij)
XQGH $ HVWH PDWULFHD S WUDW SHQWUX IDFWRUL LDU M SHQWUX P UIXUL

9DQHN

10

, astfel:
2.29

D FRHILFLHQ LORU WHKQRORJLFL Dij FX YHFWRUXO

, cu indicele "i"
EXQXULORU ;

0DWULFHD FRHILFLHQ LORU WHKQRORJLFL vQPXO LW

SHUPLWH GHWHUPLQDUHD FHUHULL WRWDOH SHQWUX ILHFDUH IDFWRU 9 FDUH vQ FRQGL LL GH

echilLEUX WUHEXLH V
XQHL UL

ILH HJDO

FX RIHUWD GH IDFWRUL UHIOHFWkQG vQ]HVWUDUHD FX IDFWRUL D

V = A X, V' = (M C), X' = (X1 X2)

2.30

sau, altfel exprimat:

X=A V
L HFKLYDOHQW SH SODQ PRQ

-1

2.31

dial:
2.32
SUH XULOH GRX UHODWLYH DU DOH DU P UIXULORU L

XW = A VW
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-1

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