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<!-- #INCLUDE virtual="/include/ga-books-texth.html" -->Title: Fifty Orwell EssaysAuthor: George Orwell* A Project Gutenberg of Australia eBook *eBook No.: 0300011.txtEdition: 1Language: EnglishCharacter set encoding: Latin-1(ISO-8859-1)--8 bitDate first posted: January 2003Date most recently updated: June 2008This eBook was produced by: Col ChoatProduction notes:Author's footnotes appear at the end of the paragraph where indicated.All essays in this collection were first published during GeorgeOrwell's lifetime, and have appeared in a number of Orwell essaycollections published both before and after his death. Details areprovided on the George Orwell page athttp://www.gutenberg.net.au/pages/orwellProject Gutenberg of Australia eBooks are created from printed editionswhich are in the public domain in Australia, unless a copyright noticeis included. We do NOT keep any eBooks in compliance with a particularpaper edition.Copyright laws are changing all over the world. Be sure to check thecopyright laws for your country before downloading or redistributing thisfile.This eBook is made available at no cost and with almost no restrictionswhatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the termsof the Project Gutenberg of Australia License which may be viewed online athttp://gutenberg.net.au/licence.html---------------------------------------------------------------------------A Project Gutenberg of Australia eBookTitle: Fifty Orwell EssaysAuthor: George OrwellCONTENTSThe Spike (1931)A Hanging (1931)Bookshop Memories (1936)Shooting an Elephant (1936)
 
Down the Mine (from "The Road to Wigan Pier") (1937)North and South (from "The Road to Wigan Pier") (1937)Spilling the Spanish Beans (1937)Marrakech (1939)Boys' Weeklies and Frank Richards's Reply (1940)Charles Dickens (1940)Charles Reade (1940)Inside The Whale (1940)The Art of Donald Mcgill (1941)The Lion and the Unicorn: Socialism and the English Genius (1941)Wells, Hitler and the World State (1941)Looking Back on the Spanish War (1942)Rudyard Kipling (1942)Mark Twain--The Licensed Jester (1943)Poetry and the Microphone (1943)W B Yeats (1943)Arthur Koestler (1944)Benefit of Clergy: Some Notes on Salvador Dali (1944)Raffles and Miss Blandish (1944)Antisemitism in Britain (1945)Freedom of the Park (1945)Good Bad Books (1945)In Defence of P. G. Wodehouse (1945)Nonsense Poetry (1945)Notes on Nationalism (1945)Revenge is Sour (1945)The Sporting Spirit (1945)You and the Atomic Bomb (1945)A Good Word for the Vicar Of Bray (1946)A Nice Cup of Tea (1946)Books vs. Cigarettes (1946)Confessions of a Book Reviewer (1946)Decline of the English Murder (1946)How the Poor Die (1946)James Burnham and the Managerial Revolution (Second Thoughts On Burnham)(1946)Pleasure Spots (1946)Politics and the English Language (1946)Politics vs. Literature: an examination of GULLIVER'S TRAVELS (1946)Riding Down from Bangor (1946)Some Thoughts on the Common Toad (1946)The Prevention of Literature (1946)Why I Write (1946)Lear, Tolstoy and the Fool (1947)Such, Such Were the Joys (1952)Writers and Leviathan (1948)Reflections on Gandhi (1949)THE SPIKEIt was late-afternoon. Forty-nine of us, forty-eight men and one woman,lay on the green waiting for the spike to open. We were too tired to talkmuch. We just sprawled about exhaustedly, with home-made cigarettes
 
sticking out of our scrubby faces. Overhead the chestnut branches werecovered with blossom. and beyond that great woolly clouds floated almostmotionless in a clear sky. Littered on the grass, we seemed dingy, urbanriff-raff. We defiled the scene, like sardine-tins and paper bags on theseashore.What talk there was ran on the Tramp Major of this spike. He was a devil,everyone agreed, a tartar, a tyrant, a bawling. blasphemous, uncharitabledog. You couldn't call your soul your own when he was about, and many atramp had he kicked out in the middle of the night for giving a backanswer. When You, came to be searched. he fair held you upside down andshook you. If you were caught with tobacco there was bell to. Pay, and ifyou went in with money (which is against the law) God help you.I had eightpence on me. 'For the love of Christ, mate,' the old handsadvised me, 'don't you take it in. You'd get seven days for going intothe spike with eightpence!'So I buried my money in a hole under the hedge, marking the spot with alump of flint. Then we set about smuggling our matches and tobacco, forit is forbidden to take these into nearly all spikes. and one is supposedto surrender them at the gate. We hid them in our socks, except for thetwenty or so per cent who had no socks, and had to carry the tobacco intheir boots, even under their very toes. We stuffed our ankles withcontraband until anyone seeing us might have imagined an outbreak ofelephantiasis. But is an unwritten law that even the sternest TrampMajors do not search below the knee, and in the end only one man wascaught. This was Scotty, a little hairy tramp with a bastard accent siredby cockney out of Glasgow. His tin of cigarette ends fell out of his sockat the wrong moment, and was impounded.At six. the sates swung open and we shuffled in. An official at the gateentered our names and other particulars in the regis. ter and took ourbundles away from us. The woman was sent off to the workhouse, and weothers into the spike. It was a gloomy, chilly, limewashed place,consisting only of a bathroom and dining-room and about a hundred narrowstone cells. The terrible Tramp Major met us at the door and herded usinto the bathroom to be stripped and searched. He was a gruff, soldierlyman of forty. who gave the tramps no more ceremony than sheep at thedipping-pond, shoving them this way and that and shouting oaths in theirfaces. But when he came to myself. he looked hard at me, and said:'You are a gentleman?''I suppose so,' I said.He gave me another long look. 'Well, that's bloody bad luck, guv'nor,' hesaid, 'that's bloody bad luck, that is.' And thereafter he took it intohis head to treat me with compassion, even with a kind of respect.It was a disgusting sight, that bathroom. All the indecent secrets of ourunderwear were exposed; the grime, the rents and patches, the bits ofstring doing duty for buttons, the layers upon layers of fragmentarygarments. some of them mere collections of holes, held together by dirt.The room became a press m of steaming nudity, the sweaty odours of thetramps competing with the sickly, sub-faecal stench native to the spike.Some of the men refused the bath, and washed only their 'toe-rags', thehorrid, greasy little clouts which tramps bind round their feet. Each of
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