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music was played for stroke patients soonafter their hospitaliza-tions. The music gen-res varied in accor-dance with the pa-tient’s preference.The
Oxford Univer- sity Journal Brain
re- ported:Results showed thatrecovery in the do-mains of verbalmemory and focusedattention improvedsignificantly more inthe music group thanin the language andcontrol groups. Themusic group alsoexperienced less de- pressed and confusedmood than the con-trol group. Thesefindings demonstratefor the first time thatmusic listening dur-ing the early post-
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     R     e     p     o     r     t
Volume 6 2009Volume 6 2009Volume 6 2009Volume 6 2009Research Supplement Research Supplement Research Supplement Research Supplement 
A Missive to Harpists 1–4Stroke Study to Launch 1, 5Happy Music, Healthy Hearts 5Arts & Health: New Publication 6On Our Research Drawing Board 6Harp Therapist Research Course 7
THE BEDSIDE HARP™ REPORTEdie Elkan, Founding Director Diana V. Nolan, Editor  Neshaminy Medical Professional Center 4802 Neshaminy Boulevard, Suites 3–4Bensalem, PA 19020(PA) 215-752-7599; (NJ) 609-273-0068
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     T     H     E
Stroke Study to be Launched at AbingtonMemorial Hospital
An exciting new studyat Abington MemorialHospital involvingstroke patients, Bed-side Harp
®
’s fourthformal research pro- ject, is about to belifted off the drawing board. As our other studies were, this ven-ture is groundbreakingfor our field both for the patient populationwe will be workingwith and for how wewill work with partici- pants.The question we ask in this study, “Will theintervention of harptherapy in the earlieststages of a stroke havea positive impact on a patient’s residual ef-fects?” was inspired bya study conducted inHelsinki last year. Inthat project, recorded
To Hold A Moonbeam: A Missive to Harpists in Healthcare
With a nod and asmile, I walk slowly toher. Tears well up inher eyes as she tellsme that I will never know how much sheSoon she is hummingalong. I segue into“Bye, Bye Blackbird.”“How did you know?”she asks with a child’sglee, “that’s my all-time favorite song!”As I begin to take myleave five minuteslater, she whispers,“Better than medi-cine.”Playing softly inthe hall, I noticeanother patient in aroom at the end of the corridor. She beckons me tocome into her room.
 How do you hold amoonbeam in your hand?
1
 
I
approach a room onthe third floor of ahospital. The patient, awoman in her 70s, issitting in a chair star-ing into space. Shedoes not seem to noticethat I am in her door-way quietly strummingmy harp. I begin play-ing, “You Are MySunshine.” She turns tolook at me and breaksinto a smile that seemsto radiate from thevery core of her being.
2009 MAR YTD
Number of patientsin our host hospitalswho received liveharp therapy ses-sions lasting five or more minutes654 1826Number of hours of live harp therapydelivered to pa-tients, their lovedones, staff anddoctors at our hosthospitals167.5 509.75
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stroke stage can en-hance cognitive re-covery and preventnegative mood.Most impressive isthat the differencesheld true after sixmonths. This led us todesign our project sothat we would followup with participantsone, three and sixmonths after their strokes.Our study will bedifferent from the Hel-sinki study in two sig-nificant ways:Live harp music, of-ten accompanied byvoice, will be played atthe bedside for a periodof about an hour eachday, more often when-ever possible.Participants will also
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Continued from page 1
 A Missive to Harpists in Healthcare
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THE BEDSIDE HARP
®
REPORT
needs my visit today. I play for her for about ten minutes. As I finish mysong, she shares with me that shemust make a very important decision.I play now to the rhythm of her words. Straightening her back andtaking a deep breath she suddenlydeclares, “You know, I feel ready todo that.”How do you hold these moon- beams, these precious moments of hope, clarity, joy, comfort and sooth-ing in your hand? How do you meas-ure a smile, gauge a patient’s delight,find the frequency of a moment of healing that you know happened be-cause you, playing your harp, walkedright into the eye of the storm these patients are living through?We are harpists in healthcare, andwe must strive to put what we do tothe same rigorous tests that scientistshold in high regard. And so we do.Or rather, we attempt to. Having par-ticipated in three formal studies over the past seven years, we at BedsideHarp
®
know that the effects of harptherapy can be measured using strict,quantitative scientific methods. Butnot always and never completely.Indeed, given the nature of our work,such methods too often fall short of capturing the full story of all that oc-curs when a patient is given a sessionof harp therapy.In an article some years ago,Wayne B. Jonas, MD acknowledged,“We have to have deep respect for the many ways of knowing in theworld. Science, although it is a pow-erful way of discovery, is just oneway of knowing. Spirituality and reli-gious explorations are other ways of knowing. Those are important ave-nues into the inner world.”
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 Dr. Herbert Benson, Director Emeritus of Massachusetts GeneralHospital’s Benson-Henry Mind BodyInstitute, was one of the first Ameri-can physicians to investigate the properties of spirituality as a healingforce. In 1975 he went out on alimb when he published his semi-nal work,
The Relaxation Re- sponse.
Here he provided convinc-ing data that interrupting one’snormal thought pattern for a periodof 11 to 18 minutes twice a day promoted better healing—at thetime, a fairly revolutionary stanceto be taken by a man of science. It began with Dr. Benson, a cardiolo-gist, wondering why certain of his patients healed faster and experi-enced far fewer complications thanothers after heart surgery. He in-vestigated this curiosity by ques-tioning all of them. What he foundwas that those who healed morequickly had one thing in com-mon—they either prayed or medi-tated regularly. The more he testedthis, the more this was confirmed.He termed this phenomenon therelaxation response (RR).I first had the pleasure of meet-ing Dr. Benson in 2004. To myamazement he told me he hadheard about Bedside Harp and thework we are doing. He went on toconfirm what I believed—that aswe walk through our hospitals, playing in hallways, patient rooms,ICU, PACU and the ER, we are, infact, evoking the relaxation re-sponse—that moment of healing proven in countless studies of his,to aid one’s ability to return to astate of wellness. I took the oppor-tunity to tell him that when a pa-tient relaxed into our music, I sus- pected that it did not take 11 to 18minutes for the RR to kick in—itseemed to me to occur fairly in-stantly. Dr. Benson agreed that our healing tones could very wellspeed things up.That was the good news.The bad news was revealed inMarch 2006,
3
when the results of alarge and lengthy study of the power of prayer were published.Dr. Benson was one of the chief investigators in a research projectlasting ten years, involving 1,802 patients, and costing $2.4 milliondollars. This study provided evidencethat “prayers offered by strangers hadno effect on the recovery of peoplewho were undergoing heart sur-gery.”
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Worse yet, one of the parts of the study indicated, in direct opposi-tion to the results of a number of other smaller studies on the sametopic, that having someone you donot know pray for you could actually be harmful.Overseen by top doctors, taking adecade to complete, this study wasconducted in six hospitals, involvednearly 2,000 patients, and cost a cou- ple of million dollars. And with all of that, what was actually learned here?That we should never pray for any-one we do not know? That prayer chains should be disbanded? Cer-tainly the good doctor would never suggest anything of the sort, yet after looking at the numbers and readingthe formal report on this study, onecould walk away with such conclu-sions.Our experience in researching theeffects of harp therapy in many waysmirrors that of Dr. Benson. In 2002– 03 Bedside Harp and Robert WoodJohnson University Hospital Hamil-ton partnered on a project that askedif a 20-minute harp therapy sessionwould reduce the stress levels of pa-tients actively receiving chemother-apy. To minimize our variables, Iwas the only one who played, choos-ing a repertoire of well-known classi-cal, pop, oldies and folk melodies. If the patient indicated their fondnessfor a particular tune or requested afavorite song, I played in and out of it throughout the session, cradlinghim or her with the music.We used the widely recognizedSpielberger State-Trait Anxiety In-ventory (STAI) to collect our data.The STAI requires that the patientanswer questions relating to his/her 
 
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 VOLUME 6, RESEARCH SUPPLEMENT
state of anxiety both before and af-ter the intervention. Patients whoagreed to participate in our projectwere randomly assigned to one of two groups: those who receivedharp therapy and those who did not.The study took nearly a year tocomplete, and we did indeed find astatistically significant difference between the two groups, thus“proving,” albeit with a small sam- pling,
5
that a 20-minute harp ther-apy session reduces anxiety in pa-tients receiving chemotherapy in anoutpatient oncology setting. Nearly as exciting as these re-sults was the recognition we re-ceived for this accomplishment—acover page article in
The Nursing Spectrum
,
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honors bestowed uponus by the hospital,
7
recognition fromJohnson & Johnson,
8
and on top of that, first place in the Society for theArts in Healthcare’s 2005 Blair L.Sadler International Healing ArtsCompetition.Still feeling the afterglow of thatfirst highly successful formal study,we launched a second study a year later at two of our host hospitals,this time asking the question, “Willa daily dose of harp therapy and/or remote intercessory prayer reducehospital stays of patients with con-gestive heart failure or pneumonia?”To our utter frustration, this turnedinto a terribly complicated venture,one fraught with nearly insurmount-able obstacles, taking over a year tolaunch and practically two years tocomplete. To make matters evenworse, the results of Dr. Benson’s prayer study were announced rightin the middle of our project. Now two years after the last par-ticipant was played and prayed for,our quantitative results have still not been formally tabulated. It appearsthough, that we will not be able to prove a statistical difference here.Even so, every harp therapist who played for the participating patientsknows s/he made a significant differ-ence in the quality of each day of those patients’ hospitalizations.The fol-lowing year weforged aheadwith a newstudy to findout if two 20-minute harptherapy inter-ventions wouldreduce theamount of painmedicationrequested by c-section moms. Now just completing the clinical por-tion, we are hoping to have the sta-tistical results on this by the end of this summer. Again, whether thenumbers prove a difference or not,we who served the participants knowthe qualitative differences we madewith these moms and their fami-lies—the magical moment that hap- pened between a husband and wife because a harp therapist played,“Can You Feel the Love Tonight?”;the delight on a big sister’s facewhen “Twinkle, Twinkle, LittleStar” was played just for her; thefussing day-old infant and tensemother who both relaxed and fellasleep to the music gently played attheir bedside.We at Bedside Harp celebrate allwho create and facilitate such pro- jects and pledge to continue to doour part to advance the body of evi-dence-based data in our field. Withthree formal studies under our belt,we understand well the challengesinherent in such ventures. Research projects can be demanding, timeconsuming, costly and highly unpre-dictable, both in their facilitation andof course, in their outcomes. It isalso not unusual for the harp thera- pist to run into unwelcome surprisesat every juncture—from project con-ception through proposal prepara-tion, to attaining formal approvals, togaining patient consents, to playingfor subjects, to recording the re-quired data.Certainly you will have a far bet-ter chance of succeeding if your pro- ject is simple, if you have the ongo-ing support and cooperation of atleast one doctor and a head nurse, if that nurse or doctor sits on the facil-ity’s Institutional Review Board,and if you are able to carry out theclinical portion without having torely too heavily on others. Even if all of this is in place, your attemptto employ strict, quantitative meth-ods to measure something so com- plex and profound as the effects of harp therapy may prove to be im- practical at least, and impossible atworst.So if some of the effects of harptherapy are too subtle to be testedthe same way we test drugs, how dowe prove our value to the medicalcommunity? I believe we begin byacknowledging the inherent differ-ences between tangible and elusiveinterventions and then by develop-ing a methodology to include notonly our recitation of the hard num- bers, but of our narratives as well— all that occurs as we deliver eachtherapeutic session. It is, after all,the patient encounters that offer glimpses, even if brief, into the veryessences of human nature, human joy, and yes, of the spirit of harptherapy.I propose we tell the stories be-hind the numbers in every formalreport we write—of the patient whoheard the music and found the willto get out of bed; of the patient whoentrained to the beat of a tune and
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