TIEP NOI CAU CHUYEN VE “BAT DANG THUC NESBITT” (Cao Minh Quang, GV THPT chuyén Nguyén Binh Khiém, Vinh Long, msi :ieuessuhoscom 1. Lai gidi thigu Thing 3 ndm 1903, trén tgp chi “Educational Times", A. M. Nesbitt di d@ xuit bai tosin sau Cho a,bye Ta eée sb the duong. Coimg minh ring: ‘Bing thie xy ra Ki v8 chi Kh Ngoai ra, ta ctng nhgn thy ting, (1) & dang dng be nén dé chime minh (1), véi digu kign a,b,c 18 c&e sb the duone, ta edn 66 thé gid sir a-+5-+e= I, tte a ching minh bit ding ye + trong d6 9,2 lee 9 the drag e6 tng bing 1 Bai tos qua that rit don gin va dep d2, n6 dé ditoe rit nhigu nguéi quan tém va tim cée céch siti, Trén Tap cht Tod Hoe Tudi Tre s6 358 (thang 4 - 2007), téc gia Vii Dinh Hda da gidi thigu cho ban doc mot dang tng quat cia bat ding thie (1), 46 ehinh fa bat dng thie Shapiro duge phat bigu duGi dang Véi moi x, 20,4, +4,, > 0[1= 1. x, thi ta 06 ‘ing thie xy ra Ki v8 chi Khi x, = Trong bai viet nho nay, 6i xin (éng hop 4c 16% id eho bat ding thie (1) va mot 96 két qua khée duroe phat tri ti (1) trong thoi gian gan diy 2, MOt s6 loi giai cho bét ding thtie Nesbitt That surbat ding thie (1) 06 rit mhigu céch gidi, ngo’i mBt s6 céch rat don gidn cdn c6 nhiing céch phi sirdung dén ede bat ding thite cb dién (Jensen, Karamata), djnh Ii dén bién, 2.1. Nhém eée lt phi str dung phép bién déi tuomg duong phi hop vit cée bit ding thie thing dung. Loi gid 1. COng 3 vao hai vé eta bit ding thie (1), ta 06 Ole | laa) ae ‘ap, di khi pha a+b (1) Aa(a+b)(ate)+H(b+a)lo+e)+e(e+a}le+A)l> 3a+B)(b-+e)(e+a) ab(a+b)-+he(b+e)+eale+a) 22a p42) Bai ding tite cubi duge suy ra tr bit ding thits 2° + y* > xy(v-+y), tong d6 x,y 1a efe 5 the dong 1Léi gid 4, Ta nan thay ring alath+c) | blatb+e | clatbte 3 , pte abe Tape et) @ oP e athte bye cha ate Dod, a chi can chitng minh bat ding thite cuss Ap dung bat ding thiic AM ~ GM, ta 65 a bte., [a bre bee 4 Vote” 4 Betas, erat 4 ath CBng ede bit ding thie trén theo timg vé, ta duge digu phi chimg minh 2.2, Nhém cée li hai sirdyng bit diing thie cb dién. (I) Datb+e ‘Tong ty, ta 06 ata t +6) cone 4 Lif gi 5. Sit ding bit ding thite Cavehy ~ Schwarz, dang S42. aired, Food By ayn dy Bondy Tbe Oty dong. Tae a, bc. (atbtey . sfabtietea) 3 bre eta ath Yabtbetea) 2abthetea) 2 Loi gidi 6. Khdng mat tinh téng quit, ta gia str a> b > e. Khi dé, dé dang kiém tra duge nes pods, sit te cea ath ‘dung bait ding thite Chebyshev phdi hyp véi bat ding thife AM — GM, ta 06 ah Dota Bre era baetaataal * Surdung bat diing thite ciia day sip thir tr, dang: VGi 6 9B thyte x... yo Yor ys thOa man du kign x Dx, >, 9, 2 yy Dy). Khi ds , ° (att Feet Hate) 3 satay tay 2 hy $y, +m, (). trong d6 (i.,i,.4,) 18 mét hodn vi cia b6(1,2,3) Chiing mink. Da 2, = s,.2, = 3.3, =Y, Kh d6 (*) to than aytunton da hay (x, -2) +5 (1, te, va EY ty =2)2 (i -a)raloot $5 +42,("*) J+ a(95— 25) 20 Ta nbjin thay ring y, > 2). 9+» Dods, «,(4 a) +4 (0s allo +35 =(2, +2) +a (s. slit + )-Gtats=0 (#*) di duge chimg minh. Ta o6 Iai gidi sau: sc tinh ting got ; 1 ‘Loi gidi 7. { Cao Minh Quang } Khéng mat tinh tong quét, ta gia sir a> b >c. Ta kiém tra duge —_’ si t Quang } 7 1 aia 2b> ete a Ap dung bd r,t 05 a,b ype bee a bee be eta ate b+e eta ath’ bt+e eta ath bte eta ath (Ging 2 bit ding thit én theo time vé, 2 duge ah e 4s b+e eta ath, cha Fo cba\Véi vige chun héa x+ y-+z=1, gidp ta 66 ning li giai khée cho (2) Lot git 8. X6e nim sb y= (0) ‘Ta chimg minh due ham x nay Iéi én (01). Ap dung bat ding tie Jensen, ta 66 ale o+r0)+ 10 > sf | hay [Nagoai loi gi tén, wi vige ehiing minh duge ham 6. y= f{4)= ‘cho (1°) bt sau. Léi gidi 9. | Cao Minh Quang | Khdng mat tioh tng quit, a gia sit x> y>2z. Khid6, dé thy x > 045 (x19.2)>f 4| p dung bit ding thi: Karamata cho him y= f(x) Biteén (0,1), dbi él bd Udi (x,y, 2) (3-5 {ess 1 {te oft (3 2}> {thar = rf) na rererorerle rl} ds}4( § 5 vate 2 2.3. Nhém cée Kil giai sir dung phwong phap doi bién, phoi hop véi céc bat ding thie 06 dién, Lai giad 10. Dit x=b+c.v=cta Do dé bait ding thie (1) tr6 thank, Dé thay bait déing thite cud ludin diing, vi theo bat ding thre AM —GM, ta 6 yer pide sty aty he sea a,b ie be a ea Lik git 11. Ba A ; —ta06 BO At cea ath bee eta ath bbe ota atd pacabtigita pithy yyy oath bee ote yy ate ete bre ora ath ie Sera at ree tera ato 4p dung bit dng thie AM — GM, 65 avpox{@EB BEE ETe 5 yong /@hebee eh, Voke eta axe Vote cba ats Suy ra 2A+B+C>6 hay A> xtyte Lai gid 12. | Nojoo Lee 1a x= 8 He « 1 va A= ‘Tacdn chimg minh A>+.Tacé +b * “2 x atbse Tre Ty l+z athte Suy ra 1= Daye +ay-+ yg-+zx. Ap dung bat ding thie AM — GM, ta 6 Is 2yzbayt yetors 244347 Dods (24-1)(A+1) 20.hay AD+ Lit. 13, [ Hojoo Lee | Bat