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Linkage andChromosome Mappingin Eukaryotes
Fundamental GeneticsLecture 8
John Donnie A. Ramos, Ph.D.
Dept. of Biological SciencesCollege of ScienceUniversity of Santo Tomas
Linked Genes
Genes located in the samechromosomes
Initiated by Thomas Morgan and Alfred Sturtevant
Will not segregate independently
Affected by crossing over
Linkage vsIndependent Assortment
Linked Genes in Drosophila
Red eyes (bw
+
) dominant tomutant brown eyes (bw)
Thin wing veins (hv
+
) dominant tomutant heavy wing veins (hv)
X-Linked Genes in Drosophila
Cross A
Gray body (y
+
) dominantto mutant yellow body (y)
Red eyes (w
+
) dominant tomutant white eyes (w)
Cross B
Red eyes (w
+
) dominant tomutant white eyes (w)
Normal wings (m
+
)dominant to mutantminiature wings (m)
Due to linkage andcrossing over that occurredduring meiosis
Distance between linkedgenes is related degree of crossing over
Chromosome Mapping
Determining the distances between genes and the orderof sequence in a chromosome
Uses the frequency of crossing
The shorter the distance between linked genes, the lower thefrequency of crossing-over.
The longer the distance, the higher the frequency of crossing overto occur.
Frequencies of crossing over:
1.Yellow, white 00.5 %2.White, Miniature 34.0 %3.Yellow, miniature35.4 %
1% of crossing over = 1 map unit (centimorgan, cM)
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