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ThePositionoftheJuristicSchoolsConcerningtheAsh’arīThePositionoftheJuristicSchoolsConcerningtheAsh’arīThePositionoftheJuristicSchoolsConcerningtheAsh’arīThePositionoftheJuristicSchoolsConcerningtheAsh’arīSchoolSchoolSchoolSchool
ShaykhAbdullāhalShaykhAbdullāhalShaykhAbdullāhalShaykhAbdullāhal----GhālīandShaykhGhālīandShaykhGhālīandShaykhGhālīandShaykhalāhalalāhalalāhalalāhal----DīnalDīnalDīnalDīnal----IdlibīIdlibīIdlibīIdlibī
TranslatedbySurāqahal-Tufāī
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Releasedby www.marifah.net1428H
TheopponentTheopponentTheopponentTheopponentsaid:said:said:said:
 AccordingtotheMālikīschool: AccordingtotheMālikīschool: AccordingtotheMālikīschool: AccordingtotheMālikīschool:TheāfioftheMaghrebanditseruditenotable,Ibn‘Abdal-Barr,narratedwithhischainfromthejuristoftheMālikīschoolintheeast(InIraq),IbnKhuwayzMindād
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,thathesaidinthebookoftestimonies,explainingthewordsofMālik:‘Thetestimonyofthepeopleofinnovationanddesiresisnotallowed.’:‘AccordingtoMālikandtherestofourcompanions,thepeopleofdesiresarethepeopleoftheologicalrhetoric.Hence,everypractitioneroftheologicalrhetoricisfromthepeopleofdesiresandinnovation—betheyAsh’arīorotherthanthat.TheirtestimonyshallneverbeacceptedinIslām.Theyshouldbeabandonedandchastisedfortheirinnovation.Iftheypersistuponit,repentanceshouldbesoughtfromthem.’
Response:Response:Response:Response:1.
 
 ApplyingthestatementsofthegreatImāmssuchasMālikandotherstotheAsh’arīsisamistake.ImāmAbūlasanal-Ash’arī wasbornafterthedeathofImāmAhmad—whowasthelastofthefourImāms—nottomentionImāmMālik.Thepeopleof
 
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AdaptedandtranslatedfromtheworksofUstādhAbdullāhal-GhālīandUstādhalāhal-Dīnal-IdlibīinresponsetoSafaral-awālī’s
Manhajal-Ashā’irahfial-Aqīdah 
.
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Muhammadb.Ahmadb.AbdAllah,(orb.‘Alī).D.390
Hijrī
 
theologicalrhetoricinthetimeofImāmMālikweretheJahmiyyaandMu’tazilawhohadespousedfalsehood.Theirintentwasnottodefendthecreedofthepeopleoftruthorgiveitvictory.Imāmal-Bayhaqīrespondedtothismisconceptionwhenhesaid:
Allāhknowsbest,butbytheologicalrhetoric,theyonlymeantthetheologicalrhetoricofthepeopleofinnovation.Duringtheirepoch,itwasonlytheinnovatorsthatwereknownfortheologicalrhetoric.AsforAhlal-Sunna,veryinfrequentlydidtheyengageintheologicalrhetoricuntiltheywereobligedtodosoafterwards.
2.TheopponentusedthewordsofIbnKhuwayzMindādal-MālikīagainsttheAsh’arīschool,yettherealityisthathewasnotconsideredreliableinhisknowledgeorcitations.āfib.ajral-‘AsqalānīsaidinLisānal-Mīzān:
Hepossessesodd(reports)fromMālikandpersonalopinionsandinterpretationsthattheeliteoftheschooldidnotreach,suchashisviewthattheslavesarenotincludedinthe(Divine)addressdirectedtofreepeople,andthatthesingularreport(
Khabaral- Wāhid 
)benefitsknowledge……AbūlWalīdal-Bājīspokeillofhimstatingthathewasnotskilledininvestigation,norwashestronginjurisprudence.HeusedtoclaimthatintheschoolofMālik,itisnotpermissibleto witnessthefuneralprayerofapractitioneroftheologicalrhetoric,accepttheirtestimony,marrythem,orentrustthem.Ibn‘Abdal-Barralsocriticizedhimaswell.
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ImāmAbūlWalīdal-Bājīsaidconcerninghim:
IdidnothearanymentionofhimamongthescholarsoftheIraqis.Heusedtocompletelyshuntheologicalrhetoricandhaveaversiontowardsitspeople,somuchsothatthisledtoloathingofthepractitionersoftheologicalrhetoricamongAhlal-Sunna.Heruledthatthepeopleoftheologicalrhetoricwerepeopleofdesires,concerningwhom,Māliksaidwhathesaidwithregardstotheirtestimoniesandmarriages.
Qāī‘Iyāsaidconcerninghim:“HepossessesodditiesfromMālik.Healsohaspersonallegalviewsthattheeruditeofthe
 
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Lisānal-Mīzān;5/329Dāral-Fikred.
 
schooldidnotreach.Hewasnotskilledininvestigation,norwashestronginjurisprudence.”
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SothisistheviewofsomeoftheleadingMālikīscholarsandjurists,suchasIbn‘Abdal-Barr,al-Bajī,andQāi‘Iyād,nottomentiontheviewofoneoftheleadersin
al-Jarhwal-Ta’dīl 
(criticismandlaudingofadīthnarrators),āfib.ajr.Likewise,thereisnodoubtthatmostoftheMālikījuristsare Ash’arīs.Theopponentsaid:Theopponentsaid:Theopponentsaid:Theopponentsaid:
 Accordingtothe Accordingtothe Accordingtothe AccordingtotheShāfi’īs:Shāfi’īs:Shāfi’īs:Shāfi’īs:ImāmAbūl‘Abbāsb.Suraij,nicknamed;al-Shāfi’ī
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thesecond,wholivedduringthetimeofal-Ash’arīsaid:Wedon’tbelieveintheinterpretationoftheMu’tazila,Ash’arīs,Jahmiyya,atheists,corporalistsanthropomorphists,theKarrāmiyyaandthosewhospeakof‘
how
’.Rather,weacceptthem(thereportsconcerningtheDivineattributes)withoutinterpretation,andwebelieveinthemwithoutresemblance(tothecreation).
Response:Response:Response:Response:Theopponent—mayAllāhguidehim—usedthewordsofImāmIbnSuraijtoprovethattheShāfi’īscondemntheAsh’arīs.Thisiscompletelyfalsefortworeasons:1.
 
ThisstatementisnotauthenticallyattributedtoImāmIbnSuraij.TheAsh’arīs,asanindependentschooloftheologydidnotmanifestduringImāmIbnSuraij’stime.IbnSuraijdiedintheyear306Hijrī,whereasal-Ash’arīdiedintheyear324Hijrī.al-Ash’arī wasbornintheyear260Hijrī.So,ifal-Ash’arīremainedaMu’tazilīforfortyyearsbeforeseparatinghimselffromal-Juba’ī,andweassumethathestartedlearningfromhimattenyearsofage,thiswouldmeanthatIbnSuraijdiedafewyearsbeforeal- Ash’arī’srepentance.EvenifwesupposedforargumentssakethatIbnSuraijdiedafteral-Ash’arī’srepentancebyafewdays,howcouldhecondemnatheologicalschoolthathadnotyetindependentlymanifesteditselfinthatname?Withoutdoubt,ImāmIbnSuraijdidnotsaythis,assurelyhedidnotknowtheunseen.
 
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See:Tartībal-MadārikofQāī‘Iyā;4/606,al-DībājofIbnFarhūn;2/229,Tārīkhal-IslāmofImāmal-Dhahabī;rank39/40,pg217,andal-Wāfībil-Wafayātofal-afadī;2/52.
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Abūl‘AbbāsAhmadb.‘Umarb.Suraij(born249Hijrī)
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