GIO VIN NGUYN TN TRUNG (TPHCM)

C th khi nhn, gii thch cng nh xut qui trnh bm my tnh cng
l 1 cch nhn li kin thc v k nng gii bi tp trc nghim ca chnh
mnh chng?
C 1 iu lu lm bi cn tr nh+tr tu (ci g cng bm v bm qu chi
li th d b nhm ln, th d cn nh 1 s phn t khi v suy lun da trn
cc phn t khi ; da vo suy lun hnh thnh qui trnh bm ch cc
phng php bo ton, phng php trung bnh, phng php tng gim,
phng php quy i...)
Di y l 1 s th d minh ha tham kho :
Bi tp 1 : Cho 1,35 gam hn hp gm Cu, Mg, Al tc dng ht vi dung
dch HNO3 thu c hn hp kh gm 0,01 mol NO v 0,04 mol NO2. Tnh
khi lng mui to ra trong dung dch.
A. 10,08 gam. B. 6,59 gam. C. 5,69 gam. D. 5,96 gam.
Bm my tnh :
1.35+(0,01x3+0.04)x62=
KQ=5.69
tng : khi lng mui nitrat bng khi lng kim loi cng vi khi
lng gc nitrat m s mol gc nitrat bng (ba ln s mol NO v 1 ln s
mol NO2)
Bi tp 2 : Cho m gam Na chy ht trong oxi d thu c m+2,8 gam sn
phm rn A. Ha tan ht A trong nc d thu c 0,56 lt O2 (ktc). Gi tr
ca m l :
A. 4,60 gam B. 8,05 gam C. 5,75 gam D. 5,06 gam
Bm my tnh :
(2.80,56/22.4x32)/16x2x23=
KQ=5.75
tng : Na tc dng vi oxi d c th va to ra Na2O v Na2O2, chnh
Na2O2 (Na2O.O) khi tc dng vi nc sinh ra kh O2. Nh vy khi lng
tng chnh l khi lng O trong Na2O v Na2O2, nu tr O to ra O2 ca
Na2O2 ta tnh c s mol O to thnh Na2O t nhn 2 ra s mol Na v
nhn tip cho 23 ra khi lng Na (tc m)
Bi tp 3 : Nung 8,4 gam Fe trong khng kh, sau phn ng thu c m gam
cht rn X gm Fe, Fe2O3, Fe3O4, FeO. Ha tan m gam hn hp X vo
dung dch HNO3 d thu c 2,24 lt kh NO2 (ktc) l sn phm kh duy

nht. Gi tr ca m l
A. 11,2 gam. B. 10,2 gam. C. 7,2 gam. D. 6,9 gam.
Bm my tnh :
(8.4/56x32.24/22.4)/2x16+8.4=
KQ=11.2
tng : Bo ton electron , ly s mol electron do Fe nhng ra th O2 v
HNO3 nhn vo.
Bi tp 4 : Ho tan hon ton hn hp gm 0,12 mol FeS2 v a mol Cu2S
vo axit HNO3 (va ), thu c dung dch X (ch cha hai mui sunfat)
v kh duy nht NO. Gi tr ca a l
D. 0,06A. 0,04. B. 0,075. C. 0,12.
Bm my tnh :
(0.12x30,12x2x2)/(22x2)=
KQ=0.06
tng : Bo ton in tch, v sau phn ng trong dung dch c 2 cation
Fe3+,Cu2+ v 1 anion l SO42 hiu s gia in tch cation v anion do
FeS2 to ra bng hiu s in tch gia cation v anion do Cu2S. Mun
chc chn c th dng tr tuyt i hoc ly kt qu dng.
Di y l 1 s ngh , t gii thch hay tm cch bm tt hn
Bi tp 5 : Clo ho PVC thu c mt polime cha 63,96% clo v khi
lng, trung bnh 1 phn t clo phn ng vi k mt xch trong mch PVC.
Gi tr ca k l (cho H = 1, C = 12, Cl = 35,5)
A. 3. B. 6. C. 4. D. 5.
Bm my tnh :
((35.5x4x100)/63.9634.5)/(2x12+3+35.5)=
KQ=3
((35.5x7x100)/63.9634.5)/(2x12+3+35.5)=
6KQ=5,66
v.v....
Bi tp 6 : Nung m gam bt st trong oxi, thu c 3 gam hn hp cht rn
X. Ha tan ht hn hp X trong dung dch HNO3 (d) thot ra 0,56 lt NO
( ktc) (l sn phm kh duy nht). Gi tr ca m l
A. 2,52 gam. B. 2,22 gam. C. 2,62 gam. D. 2,32 gam.
Bm my tnh :
(3+0.56/22.4x3/2x16)x(56x2)/(56x2+16x3)=
KQ=2.52

Bi tp 7 : Clo ha PP (polipropilen) thu c mt loi t clorin trong clo

chim 22,12% Trung bnh mt phn t Clo tc dng vi bao nhiu mt xch
PP?
A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4
Bm my tnh :
(35.5x100/22.12-34.5)/42=
KQ=2,999....
Bi tp 8 : Khi lu ha cao su thin nhin, ta thu c cao su lu ha c
cha 19,04% khi lng lu hunh. Hi c bao nhiu mt xch isopren kt
hp vi 1 nhm isunfua?
A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4
Bm my tnh :
(32x2x100/19.0432x2)/68=
KQ=4.0019....
Bi tp 9 : Mt hirocacbon X cng hp vi axit HCl theo t l mol 1:1 to
sn phm c thnh phn khi lng clo l 45,223%. Cng thc phn t ca
X l (cho H = 1, C = 12, Cl = 35,5)
A. C3H6. B. C3H4. C. C2H4. D. C4H8.
Bm my tnh :
35.5x100/45.22336.5=
KQ=41,9998....
Bi tp 10 : Cho 2,16 gam Mg tc dng vi dung dch HNO3 (d). Sau khi
phn ng xy ra hon ton thu c 0,896 lt kh NO ( ktc) v dung dch
X. Khi lng mui khan thu c khi lm bay hi dung dch X l A. 13,32
gam. B. 6,52 gam. C. 8,88 gam. D. 13,92 gam.
Bm my tnh :
2.16/24x(24+62x2)+(2.16/24x2-0,896/22.4x3)/8x80=
KQ=13.92
Bi tp 11 : Cho 9,12 gam hn hp gm FeO, Fe2O3, Fe3O4 tc dng vi
dung dch HCl (d). Sau khi phn ng xy ra hon ton, c dung dch Y;
c cn Y thu c 7,62 gam FeCl2 v m gam FeCl3. Gi tr ca m l A. 8,75
. B. 7,80 . C. 9,75 . D. 6,50
Bm my tnh :

(9.127.62/(56+71)x(56+16))/160x2x(56+35.5x3)=
KQ=9.75
Bi tp 12: Oxi ha 1,2 gam CH3OH bng CuO nung nng, sau mt thi
gian thu c hn hp sn phm X (gm HCHO, H2O v CH3OH d). Cho
ton b X tc dng vi lng d AgNO3 trong dung dch NH3, c 12,96
gam Ag. Hiu sut ca phn ng oxi ha CH3OH l
B. 80,0%. C. 70,4%. D. 65,5%.A. 76,6%.
Bm my tnh :
12.96/108/4x100/(1.2/32)=
KQ=80
Bi tp 13 : Nhit phn hon ton 40 gam mt loi qung lmit c ln tp
cht tr sinh ra 8,96 lt kh CO2 ( ktc). Thnh phn phn trm v khi
lng ca CaCO3.MgCO3 trong loi qung nu trn l A. 92%. B. 40%. C.
84%. D. 50%.
Bm my tnh :
8.96/22.4/2x100/(40/184)=
KQ=92
Bi tp 14 : Trn 100 ml dung dch c pH = 1 gm HCl v HNO3 vi 100
ml dung dch NaOH nng a (mol/l) thu c 200 ml dung dch c pH =
12. Gi tr ca a l (bit trong mi dung dch [H+][OH-] = 10-14)
C. 0,12. D. 0,03.A. 0,30. B. 0,15.
Bm my tnh :
(0.2x102+0.1x10-1)/0.1=
KQ=0.12
Bi tp 15 : Dn 1,68 lt hn hp kh X gm hai hirocacbon vo bnh ng
dung dch brom (d). Sau khi phn ng xy ra hon ton, c 4 gam brom
phn ng v cn li 1,12 lt kh. Nu t chy hon ton 1,68 lt X th sinh ra
2,8 lt kh CO2. Cng thc phn t ca hai hirocacbon l (bit cc th tch
kh u o ktc)
A. CH4 v C3H6. B. C2H6 v C3H6. C. CH4 v C3H4. D. CH4 v
C2H4.
Bm my tnh :
2.8/1.68=
KQ=5/3
C CH4

(4/160)/((1.681.12)/22.4)=
KQ=1
c anken (A hoc D)
1.12x1+(1.68-1.12)x3=
KQ=2.8 (chn A)
Bi tp 16 : X phng ha hon ton 17,24 gam cht bo cn va 0,06
mol NaOH. C cn dung dch sau phn ng thu c khi lng x phng l
D. 17,80 gam.A. 16,68 gam. B. 18,24 gam. C. 18,38 gam.
Bm my tnh :
17.24+0.06x400.06/3x92=
KQ=17.8
Bi tp 17 : un nng mt ancol n chc X vi dung dch H2SO4 c
trong iu kin nhit thch hp sinh ra cht hu c Y, t khi hi ca X so
vi Y l 1,6428. Cng thc phn t ca Y l
C. C2H6O. D. CH4O.A. C3H8O. B. C4H8O.
Bm my tnh :
18x1.6428/0.6428=
KQ=46.0024... (C2H5OH)
Bi tp 18 : Cho 8,9 gam mt hp cht hu c X c cng thc phn t
C3H7O2N phn ng vi 100 ml dung dch NaOH 1,5M. Sau khi phn ng
xy ra hon ton, c cn dung dch thu c 11,7 gam cht rn. Cng thc
cu to thu gn ca X l
A. H2NCH2COOCH3. B. CH2=CH-CONH4.
C. HCOOH3NCH=CH2. D. H2NCH2CH2COOH.
Bm my tnh :
(8.9+0.1x1.5x4011.7)/(8.9/89)=
KQ=32 (CH3OH)
Bi tp 19 : Cng thc phn t hp cht kh to bi nguyn t R v hiro l
RH3. Trong oxit m R c ha tr cao nht th oxi chim 74,07% v khi
lng. Nguyn t R l
C. N. D. P.A. S. B. As.
Bm my tnh :
(16x5x100/74.0716x5)/2=
KQ=14.0029....

Bi tp 20 : Khi lng ca tinh bt cn dng trong qu trnh ln men to

thnh 5 lt ancol etylic 460 l (bit hiu sut ca qu trnh l 72% v khi
lng ring ca ancol etylic nguyn cht l 0,8 g/ml) A. 4,5 kg. B. 5,4 kg.
C. 6,0 kg. D. 5,0 kg.
Bm my tnh :
5x46/100x0.8/46/2x162x100/72=
KQ=4.5
Bi tp 21 : Th tch dung dch HNO3 67,5% (khi lng ring l 1,5 g/ml)
cn dng tc dng vi xenluloz to thnh 89,1 kg xenluloz trinitrat l
(bit lng HNO3 b hao ht l 20%)
A. 81 lt. B. 49 lt. C. 70 lt. D. 55 lt.
Bm my tnh :
89.1/(162+45x3)x3x63x100/67.5/1.5x100/80=
KQ=70
Bi tp 22: Cho 3,6 gam axit cacboxylic no, n chc X tc dng hon ton
vi 500 ml dung dch gm KOH 0.12M v NaOH 0,12M. C cn dung dch
thu c 8,28 gam hn hp cht rn khan. Cng thc phn t ca X l
B. CH3COOH.A. C2H5COOH. C. HCOOH. D. C3H7COOH
Bm my tnh :
3.6/((3.6+0.5x0.12x56+0.5x0.12x40-8.28)/18)=
KQ=60(CH3COOH)
Bi tp 23 : Th tch dung dch HNO3 1M (long) t nht cn dng ha
tan hon ton mt hn hp gm 0,15 mol Fe v 0,15 mol Cu l (bit phn
ng to cht kh duy nht l NO)
C. 0,8 lt. D. 1,0 lt.A. 0,6 lt. B. 1,2 lt.
Bm my tnh :
(0.15x2+0.15x2)/3x4/1=
KQ=0.8
Bi tp 24 : Cho m gam hn hp X gm hai ancol no, n chc, k tip nhau
trong dy ng ng tc dng vi CuO (d) nung nng, thu c mt hn
hp rn Z v mt hn hp hi Y (c t khi hi so vi H2 l 13,75). Cho
ton b Y phn ng vi mt lng d AgNO3 trong dung dch NH3 un
nng, sinh ra 64,8 gam Ag. Gi tr ca m l
A. 7,8. B. 7,4. C. 9,2. D. 8,8.

Bm my tnh :
(13.75x2x21816)/14=
KQ=1.5 (CH3OH v C2H5OH c s mol bng nhau)
64.8/108/(4+2)x(32+46)=
KQ=7.8
Bi tp 25 : Cho hn hp bt gm 2,7 gam Al v 5,6 gam Fe vo 550 ml
dung dch AgNO3 1M. Sau khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton, thu c m
gam cht rn. Gi tr ca m l (bit th t trong dy th in ho: Fe3+/Fe2+
ng trc Ag+/Ag)
C. 59,4. D. 32,4.A. 64,8. B. 54,0.
Bm my tnh :
(0.552.7/27x3)/(5.6/56)=
KQ=2.5
0.55x108=
KQ=59.4
Bi tp 26 : Trung ho 5,48 gam hn hp gm axit axetic, phenol v axit
benzoic, cn dng 600 ml dung dch NaOH 0,1M. C cn dung dch sau
phn ng, thu c hn hp cht rn khan c khi lng l A. 6,84 gam. B.
4,90 gam. C. 6,80 gam. D. 8,64 gam
Bm my tnh :
5.48+0.6x0.1x22=
KQ=6.8
Bi tp 27 : Cho 3,6 gam anehit n chc X phn ng hon ton vi mt
lng d AgNO3 trong dung dch NH3 un nng, thu c m gam Ag. Ho
tan hon ton m gam Ag bng dung dch HNO3 c, sinh ra 2,24 lt NO2
(sn phm kh duy nht, ktc). Cng thc ca X l
A. C3H7CHO. B. HCHO. C. C2H5CHO. D. C4H9CHO.
Bm my tnh :
3.6/(2.27/22.4/2)=
KQ=72
(ans16)/14=
KQ=4