Solucionario - Guía de Ciencias Álgebra

GUA DE CIENCIAS - LGEBRA
Prof. Juan Carlos Ramos Leyva - 4 -

EXAMEN N 1 Para principiantes
01. Sean: a + b + c = m ab + ac + bc = n

2 2 2 2
m(m 2a)(m 2b)(m 2c)(m 2n) 8a b c
( )
(
+
3 3 2 2 2
m 2mn m 4mn 8abc 8a b c
( ) ( )
3 3 2 2 2
m 2mn 2mn m 2mn 8abc 8a b c
(

Haciendo:
3
m 2mn x =

2 2 2
x(2mn x 8abc) 8a b c
+
2 2 2 2
x (2mn 8abc)x 8a b c
* De este trinomio
2
k , por tanto es un
factor primo.
En el campo C el polinomio tiene 6 factores
primos.
CLAVE: E

02. Sumando las ecuaciones m.a.n:
(x + y + 1) (a + b + z) = 0
* Con a + b + z = 0:
z = -a b
En las 2 primeras ecuaciones:
ax by a b
( a b)x ay b
+ = +
+ =

Resolviendo: = = x 1 y 1
+ + = x y z 2 a b
CLAVE: A

03. + =
2 2 2
6x 15x 7 2x 5x 9 (2x 3) 4x 8x 11
Elevando al cuadrado

( )( ) ( ) ( )
2 2 2 2
6x 15x 7 2x 5x 9 2x 3 4x 8x 11 + =
Efectuando obtenemos:
+ =
4 3 2
4x 20x 53x 40x 36 0
( )
+ + =
R
_
2
x
(x 2)(2x 1) 2x 7x 18 0
Slo con: (x - 2) (2x + 1) = 0
1
x 2 x
2
= = Ninguno de estos valores
verifica la ecuacin original !
CLAVE: E
04. +
4 2
f(x) x 7x 4x 3
+
3
f (x) 4x 14x 4

5 5 5 5
1 2 3 4
x x x x 140 + + + =
CLAVE: C

05.

1 1 1
(De B C)
x y 3 T
+ =

1 1 2
(De C B)
x y 7 2T
=

1 1 4
x y 11
+ =
Ahora:
1 4 1
T
3 T 11 4
= =

CLAVE: C

06.



(22 x + 2) (12x) (33x + 11) (8x + 1) = 0
2
264x
2
24x 264x + 88x 33x 11 0 =

11
11 97x x
97
= =
CLAVE: E

07.
2 3
1 3 3 5 5 7
E ...
2
2 2
= + + +
Forma general de cada trmino:
2
k
4k 1
2

2
k
k 1
4k 1
E = 23
2
=
| |
|
=
|
\

CLAVE: D

08.
a b p ab 1
Reemplazando :
c d q cd 1
+ = =
`
+ = =
)

2 2
(a c)(b c)(a d)(b d)
E 1
q p
+ +
= =

CLAVE: B

09. Como: x + y = 23 y 23 x =
2 2
x 12y y 12x 33 + + + =
2 2
x 12(23 x) (23 x) 12y 33 + + + =
2 2
x 12x 276 x 34x 529 33 + + + =
2 2
(x 6) 240 (x 17) 240 33 + + + =
De donde: x 6 4 x 10 = =
Tambin: x 6 7 x 13 = =
CLAVE: E
10. ( )
3 3 2 2
x 3x y 3y (x y) x xy y 3(x y) 0 = + + =
De donde:
2 2
x y x xy y 3 = + + =
Con x = y:
2 3
x 7
x 3 2x

4 2 2
217 7
2x 7x 21 0 x
4
+ = =
De aqu tenemos 2 soluciones:
Con
2 2 2 2
x xy y x xy y 3 + + + =

3 3
x y (3 2xy)(x y) + = +

( )
2
7 x 3 (3 2xy)(x y)y = +

( )
( )
( )
2 2
7 x 3 3 2xy xy y = +

( )
( )
( )
2 2
7 x 3 3 2xy 3 x =
Como
2
x 3 : 3 2xy 7 xy 2 = =
Ahora tenemos:

2
2 2 2 2
x y 5 x 5
x
| |
+ = + =
|
\

2 4 2
2
4
x 5 x 5x 4 0
x
+ = + =
( )( )
2 2
x 1 x 4 0 = , aqu tenemos 4
soluciones por tanto en total tenemos 6
soluciones.
CLAVE: E
11. Esquema:

Condicin: nT = 11T n = 11

n(n 1)
TK 24Kn T 4
2
+
= =
Horas trabajadoras (11)(4) 44 = =
CLAVE: C


12. PA PH:

2
n
E
n 1

CLAVE: B

13.
3xy 5x 4
2xy 27 7y
= +
`
=
)

Divido:
3 5x 4
10x 21y 73
2 27 7y
+
= + =

Ahora:
27
10x 21 73
2x 7
| |
+ =
|
\ +

2
5x 19x 14 0 + =
De donde:
14
x x 1
5
= =
* 3xy = 5x + 4
Si x = 1: 3y 9 y 3 = =
x y 4 + =
Si
14 42 15
x : y 14 4 y
5 5 7
= = + =

173
x y
35
+ =
CLAVE: E

14. Sea:
2
2x a = , luego 1 a 3 <
2
a 1 a 1
3 a
+ + =

2 2 4 2
2a 2 a 1 a a 1
3 a 3 a
+ = =

( )( )
a 2 a 1
a 1 a 1
3 a

= +

( ) ( )
( )
2
2
a 2 a 1
a 1 ; a 1
3 a

= + =

2 2 2 1 1
*2x 1 x : x 1
2 2
= = =

( ) ( )
2
a 2 a 1
a 1
3 a

= +

2 2
(a 2) (a 1) (a 1)(3 a) = +
Resolviendo:
13
a
5
=
*
2 2 2
13 13
2x x : x 1 0,3
5 10
= = =
CLAVE: E

15. Elevando al cubo:
( ) ( )
2 2 3
74 3 13x 37 2 2 =

( ) ( )
2 2 3
13x 37 12 =

( ) ( ) ( )
3 2 2
13x 37 12 = +
La ecuacin tiene 2 soluciones.
CLAVE: B

16.
2
x 2x xy 6 0 ... (1) + + =

2
y 2y xy 9 0 ... (2) + =
(1) + (2):
2
(x y) 2(x y) 3 0 + + =
De donde: x y 3 x y 1 + = + =
De (1): x(x + y) 2x + 6 = 0
* Con x + y = 3: 3x 2x + 6 = 0
x 6 y 9 = =
Con: x + y = -1: -x 2x + 6 = 0
x 2 y 3 = =
CLAVE: E

17. 3xy + 2z = 0 (1)
xz + 6y = 0 (2)
2yz + 3x = 0 (3)
De (2) y (3):
2 2
x 4y x 2y x 2y = = =
Con x = 2y en (1):
2
z = -3y

En (2): ( )( )
2
-3y 2y 6y 0 + =
3
6y 6y =

2
1 y =
Aqu obtenemos 2 soluciones ms:
CLAVE: C

18. Haciendo a = b = x = y ;
2 4
b 2a =
4 6 3
2 4 2 4 2
2a x bx b
E
2a x 2a x 2a x
= = =
2 2 2
4 2
a b a a
E 1
bx
2a x a
= = = =
CLAVE: A

19.
2
x 2
y
2x 3x 6
+
=
+ +

2
2yx 3y x 6y x 2 + + = +
( ) ( )
2
2y x 3y 1 x 6y 2 0 + + =
Se cumple: ( ) ( ) ( )
2
3y 1 4 2y 6y 2 0
2 2
9y 6y 1 48y 16y 0 + +
2 2
39y 10y 1 0 39y 10y 1 0 + +

( )( )
1 1
13y 1 3y 1 0 y
13 3
+
1
" y" mximo
3
=
CLAVE: B

20. ( )
2 2
1 40
x y 1 ... (1)
xy 3
| |
+ + =
|
\

2 2
1 33
xy 1 ... (2)
10
x y
| |
+ =
|
+
\

Sea:
2 2
x y m xy n + = =
En (1):
1 40
m 1
n 3
| |
+ =
|
\

n 40
m ...(3)
3(n 1)
=
+

En (2):
1 33
n 1
m 10
| |
+ =
|
\

n 33
n ...(4)
m 10
+ =
Reemplazando (3) en (4):

3(n 1) 33
n
10 40
+
+ =

43n 3 33
n 3
40 10
+
= =
En (3):
40 3
m m 10
3(4)
= =
Ahora:
2 2
x y 10 xy 3 + = =
Observa que: x 1 x 3 = =
x 1 x 3 = =
CLAVE: A

EXAMEN N 2
01.
( ) ( )
( )
4
5 2 10 3
11 8 4
3 2 5 2 5 3
K
3 5 5 2
=
9 11 15
8 11 15
3 2 5
K
3 2 5
=
K = 3
CLAVE: A

02.
( )
x 1 2 1
x 1
5 5 5 1
A 25 5 1 21
5
+
+
+
= = + =

( )
( )
x 1 1 2
x 1 x 3
x 3 2 1
2 1 2 2
B 2 16
2 2 2 1
+
+ +
+ +
= = =
+ +

A > B
CLAVE: A


03.
4
x x
4 4
4
1 1
x x
2
2
| |
= =
|
\

1
16
x x
16
1 1
x x
16 16
| |
|
\ | |
= =
|
\

1
x
16
=
CLAVE: D

04.
0 0
2 3
A 2 3 2 3 6 = = =
7
2 4 6 ... 14 2 n
B 2 2 = =

( )
7
1
2
1
n
E B A 2

=
7 7
2 2
1
E 2 2
6
=
0
1
E 2
6
=
1
E
6
=
CLAVE: C

05.
x x
2x 2x x x
x x
3 2
3 2 3 2 1
2 3
= =
Sea:
x
2
x
3 1
m 0; m 1 m m 1
m
2
= > = =
2
1 5 5 1
m m
2 4 2
+ | |
= =
|
\

( )
2
x
x
3 5 1 5 1 2
2 5 1 2 5 1 2
+
= = =

( )
x x 1
3 5 1 2
+
=

( )
x x 1
3 5 1 2
+
=
CLAVE: B

06.
( )
n n n n n n n n n
n
n n n n n n
x y y z x z x y z 1
E
xyz
x y x z y z
+ +
=
+ +

n n n n
1
E x y z E 1
xyz
= =
CLAVE: A

07.
9n 1
3n 2
6n 5 6n 2
3 756
E
3 3
+
+
+ +
=
+

9n 1
3n 2
6n 2
3 756
E
3 28
+
+
+
=
3n 2 n 2
E 3
+ +
=
E = 3
CLAVE: A

08.
( )
2
x 2x 2
A : x 1
x 1
+
= +
+

( )
( )
2
x 1
2 x 1 x 1 2: x 2 1
+
= + + = =

( )
( )
2
x
2
x 2 2
x
x x 2
B: x 4 x 2
+
= =

2
x
x 2 x 2 A B = = <
CLAVE: B
09.
x
x
x 1 x
1 x
x
E 9 9
+
+
=

x
x
x 1
1 x
E 9
+
+
=
E = 9
CLAVE: B

10.
26
2 3 n 25
1 2 3 n 2 1
...
2
2 2 2 2
+ + + + =

( )
n 1 26 5 31
n 25 5 30
2 n 2 2 1 2 2 32
2 2 2 2
+
| || |
+
= = | |
\ \

n 2
n 30 8
4
+
= =
CLAVE: A

11. 3m 2 4 n 1 2 = + =
m 2 n 3 = =
m n 6 =
CLAVE: B


12.
12
n
1
M(x) ; n divisor de 12
x
= =
n = 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12 valores = 28
CLAVE: E

13. a b 1 12 a b 13 + = + =
b 2 6 b 8 a 5 = = =
a b 40 =
CLAVE: C

14. b 2 3 b 5 = =

2 2
a 2a 1 3 7 a 2a 3 0 + + = =
de valores de a 2 =
CLAVE: B

15. 2a 1 b 2b 7 a = =
2a b 1 2b a 7 = =
Sumando: a + b = 8
Se pide: E = 2(a + b) 8 = 2(8) 8
E = 8
CLAVE: C

16. 2n + 3n 6 + 5 = 39
5n 40 n 8 = =
n 1 3 + =
CLAVE: B

17.
n 5n 4
n 1 3
4 6
+ =
12n 12 + 3n 10n + 8 = 36
5n = 40 n = 8
CLAVE: B

18.
8m n 10
13m 13 m 1 n 2
3m 2n 7
+ =
= = =
`
+ =
)

2
1
1 1
Coef. 9 9 Coef. 1
3 9
| |
= = =
|
\

CLAVE: A

19. Observa que: n = 1
( )
2 3 3 3
P x ; y 5y 6x y x y 3 +
CLAVE: A

20.
( )
( )
( )( )
x x x 5 x 2 +
Para x = 5:

( )
( ) 5 5 2
1 2
2 1
1 2
2 1
=

Observa que: 4; 3; 6; 7 =
de valores de 20 =
CLAVE: D

EXAMEN N 3
01. Como:
2 2 2
ab ac bc a b c a b c + + = + + = =
1 1 1 3
E E
4 4 4 4
= + + =
CLAVE: A

02. Se pide:
3 3 3
a b c 3abc
E
a b c
+ +
=
+ +

2 2 2
E a b c ab ac bc = + +

( ) ( ) ( )
2 2 2
2E a b a c b c = + +
2E 3 12 3 18 E 9 = + + = =
CLAVE: C

03. Se pide:
5
5
1
E x 5
x
= + +
Cuando: x 2 3 = +

Observa que:
1 1
2 3 x 4
x x
= + =
2
2
5
5
3
3
1
Alcuadrado : x 14
1
x
x 724
1
x
Alcubo : x 52
x
+ =
+ =
`
+ =
)

E 724 5 729 729 27 = + = =
CLAVE: D

04.
( ) ( )
2 2 2 2
x a b c 2 a b c x 3 + + = + +
( ) ( ) ( )
2 2 2
ax 1 bx 1 cx 1 0 + + =
Observa que:
1
a b c
x
= = =
2 2 2 2 2
2 2
a a a a 4a
E 4
a a
+ + +
= = =
CLAVE: D

05.
3 3 3
a b c
E
a b c
+ +
=
a a c b b c + = +

( ) ( )
a b c a b 0 + =

( )( )
a b a b c 0 + + =
Se cumple: a b c 0 + + =

3 a b c
E E 3
a b c
= =
CLAVE: A

06.
3 3 3
a b c 3abc abc + + =

( )( )
1 a b c abc + + =
a b c abc + + =
abc c abc b abc a
E ab bc ac
c b a

= + +
E = ab -1 + ac 1 + bc 1 ab bc - ac
E = -3
CLAVE: B
07.
2 2
b b 1 b 1
0 0
a a 4 a 2
| | | | | |
+ + = + =
| | |
\ \ \

De donde: a = -2b
2
2
2b 3b 8b
E
b
4b
+
= +
E 1 2 E 3 = + =
CLAVE: D

08.
2
2
1 1
x 3 x 7
x
x
+ = + =

4
4
1
x 47
x
+ = Final por Legendre:
( ) ( ) ( )
2
2
4 4
47 x x 4 1
=

( )( ) ( )
2
4 4
47 2 47 2 x x
+ =

4 4
x x 21 5
=
CLAVE: B
09.
( ) ( )( )
2
a b 1 a 1 b 1 + + = + +
2 2
a b 2ab ab a b + + = + +

2 2
a ab b a b + + = +

( )( ) ( )( )
2 2
a b a ab b a b a b + + = +
( ) ( )
3 3 2 2 2 2
a b a b a a 1 b b 1 = =
( )
( )
2
2
a a 1
1
b b 1

CLAVE: B

10.
1 1 1
0 ab ac bc 0
a b c
+ + = + + =

( )
2 2 2 2 2 2
a b a c b c 2abc a b c + + = + +

( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
4 4 4 2 2 2 2 2 2
ab ac bc 2a b c a b c + + = + +
( ) ( ) ( )
( )
4 4 4
2 2 2 2 2 2
ab ac bc
2
a b c a b c
+ +
=
+ +

CLAVE: B

11.

A = 6

B = 8
A < B
CLAVE: B

12.

2 4b
5
4 8b
5
4b 2b
2
5

En el residuo: 2b
2
b 15 = 0 b = 3
a + 3 4 = 10 a = 11
ab = 33
CLAVE: D

13.

2 3 2 3

R(x) = 14
CLAVE: D
14.

E = 5 + 3 + (4)(397) + 10 + 15 + 26
E = 59 + 1588 E = 1647
CLAVE: A

15.

En el residuo: b = 9 a = 9
a + b = 18
CLAVE: E

16. x
3
+ y
3
+ (1)
3
3(x)(y)(1) = (x + y + 1)(x
2
+ y
2

+ 1 xy x y)
Condicin:
x
2
+ y
2
+ 1 xy x y = 0
(x y)
2
+ (x 1)
2
+ (y 1)
2
= 0
De donde: x = y = 1
CLAVE: D

17.

En el residuo: a = 2 b = 3
a + b = 1
CLAVE: E

18.

En el residuo:
b 2 + 10 = 0 b = 8

3
a 8 ( 10) 0 a 23
2
+ = =
a + b = 15
CLAVE: C

19.
3
4

Q(1) = 12 16 + 8 = 4
CLAVE: B

20. D(x) d(x) Q(x) + R(x)
(x + 2)
2n
+ 3x
3
192 (x + 3)(x + 1)
Q(x) + ax + b
Si x = 3: 3a + b = 272
Si x = 1: a + b = 194
Restando: 2a = 78 a = 39
Como: a + b = 194
39 + b = 194 b = 155
Pero: R(x) ax + b
R(x) 39x 155
CLAVE: A

EXAMEN N 4
01. A: R(x) 1 1 2 + 1 R(x) 1
B: R'(x) 1 1 + 2 + 1 R'(x) 3
A < B
CLAVE: B

02. D(x) (1 + x)
4
(x
2
+ 2x + 1)
2

P.T.R: x
2
= 1
R(x) (2x + 2)
2
= 4(x + 1)
2
= 4(x
2
+ 2x + 1)
R(x) 4(1 + 2x + 1) = 8(x + 1)
CLAVE: D

03. P(x) (x 3)(x 2)Q(x) + ax + b

Si x 3 : 3a b 7
a 4 b 5
Si x 2: 2a b 3
= + =
= =
`
= + =
)

R(x) 4x 5
CLAVE: B

04. De acuerdo con la teora, II es suficiente y I
no lo es
CLAVE: B

05. Restos especiales

21 21
2 3
(x 1)(x 1) (x 1)(x 1)
(x x 1)(x 1) x 1
+ +
=
+ +

P.T.R: x
3
= 1
R'(x) 2(x 1)
R(x) 2
CLAVE: B

06. (x 2)
2005
+ (x 3)
2007
(x 3)(x 2)Q(x) +
ax + b

Si x 3 : 3a b 1
a 2 b 5
Si x 2: 2a b 1
= + =
= =
`
= + =
)

R(x) 2x 5
CLAVE: C

07.
15m 50 15m 10
20
m 1 m 2
+
= =
+

15m + 50 = 20m + 20 m = 6
t
k
= (x
7
)
20 k
(y
4
)
k 1

140 7k + 4k 4 = 85 51 = 3k
k = 17
CLAVE: D

08. Por propiedad
P(x) [(x + 1)(x + 2)(x 3)] R(x) 4
CLAVE: B

09.
2n 3k 26
11 2n 3k 29
5
+ +
= + =

5n 2k 12
11 5n 2k 45
3
+
= + =
Resolviendo: n = 7 k = 5
n + k = 12
CLAVE: A

10. t
k
= (x
3
)
15 k
(x
2
)
k 1

t
k
= x
47 5k
47 5k 0: k 9,4
t
k

+ 1
= (x
3
)
15 k 1
(x
2
)
k

t
k + 1
= x
42 5k
42 5k < 0: k > 8,4
Observa que: k = 9
N de trminos fraccionarios = 15 9 = 6
CLAVE: B

11. P(x; y) xy
3
(y
3
5xy
2
4x
2
y + 20x
3
)
P(x; y) xy
3
[y
2
(y 5x) 4x
2
(y 5x)]
P(x; y) xy
3
(5x y)(4x
2
y
2
)
P(x; y) xy
3
(5x y)(2x + y)(2x y)
A = 5
F(x; y) x(x y
2
) + y(x
2
y
2
) + (x
2
y
2
)
F(x; y) (x + y)(x y)(x + y + 1)
B = 3
A > B
CLAVE: A
12. Se tiene:
E = (2ad + 2bc)
2
(a
2
b
2
c
2
+ d
2
)
2

E = [(a + d)
2
(b c)
2
][(b + c)
2
(a d)
2
]
E = (a + b c + d)(a b + c + d)(a + b + c
d)(b + c a + d)
CLAVE: D

13. P(x) x
6
(x + 1) x
4
(x + 1) x
2
(x + 1) + (x + 1)
P(x) (x + 1)(x
6
x
4
x
2
+ 1)
P(x) (x + 1)[x
4
(x
2
1) (x
2
1)]
P(x) (x + 1)
2
(x 1)(x
4
1)
P(x) (x + 1)
3
(x 1)
2
(x
2
+ 1)
F.P = x + 1 + x 1 + x
2
+ 1 = x
2
+ 2x + 1
CLAVE: C

14.
3
P(x; y) (x y) 1 3xy(1 x y) + +
_

P(x; y) (x + y 1)[(x + y)
2
+ (x + y) + 1]
3xy(x y 1)
P(x; y) (x + y 1)(x
2
+ y
2
+ x + y xy + 1)
CLAVE: D

15. P(x; y; z) x
4
y x
4
z + y
4
z xy
4
+ z
4
(x y)
P(x; y; z) xy(x
3
y
3
) z(x
4
y
4
) + z
4
(x y)
P(x; y; z) (x y)(x z)(y z)(x
2
+ y
2
+ z
2
+
xy + xz + yz)
CLAVE: E

16.

P(x) (2x 3)(3x
2
+ 5x + 3)
CLAVE: C

17. P(x) x
3
(x 3)
2
+ 8(x 3)
2

P(x) (x 3)
2
(x + 2)(x
2
2x + 4)
N.
o
de factores = 12
CLAVE: C

18. P(x) x
4
+ 3x 2 (aspa doble especial)
P(x) (x
2
+ x 1)(x
2
x + 2)
IV IIF IIIF IVF
CLAVE: C

19. Divisores binomios
P(x) (x + 1)(2x 3)(x 3)
F P 4x 5
F(x) (x + 1)
2
(3x 4)
F P 4x 3
A < B
CLAVE: B

20. Sumando y restando x:
P(x) x
5
x
4
x
3
x
3
+ x
2
+ x + x
2
x 1
P(x) x
3
(x
2
x 1) x(x
2
x 1) + (x
2
x 1)
P(x) (x
2
x 1)(x
3
x + 1)
N.
o
de factores primos = 2
CLAVE: B

EXAMEN N 5
01. MCD (x + 2)
2
(x 3)
4

CLAVE: C

02. MCM (x + 3)
4
(x
2
+ 1)
6
(x 2)
4
(x + 7)
6
(x + 5)
6

CLAVE: E

03. A(a; b) (a + b)(a b)
B(a; b) (a b)
2

C(a; b) (a + b)
2

MCM (a + b)
2
(a b)
2

MCM (a
2
b
2
)
2

CLAVE: C

04.
(x 3)(x 3)(x 1) x 3
F(x)
(x 1)(x 2)(x 3) x 2
+ +

CLAVE: B

05.
(x 2)(x 1) (x 3)(x 4)
F(x)
(x 3)(x 1) (x 3)(x 3)
+ + +
+
+ + +

x 2 x 4 2x 6
F(x) 2
x 3 x 3 x 3
+ + +
+ =
+ + +

CLAVE: C
06. A(a; b) (a + 3b)(a 2b)
B(a; b) (a 2b)(a + b)
C(a; b) (a 2b)
2

MCD a 2b
CLAVE: C

07.

2 2
2
(x 1) (MCM) (MCD)
MCM
(x 1)
MCD

`
=

)

(x + 1)
2
(MCD)
2
MCD x + 1
CLAVE: A

08.
2 2
1 x(x y) x(x y) 2xy
S
2
x y
+ + + (
=
(

2
2 2 2 2
1 2x 2xy x(x y) x
S
2 x y
x y x y
(
+ +
= = = (
(

CLAVE: C

09. P(x) (x
2
+ x + 1)(x
3
x
2
+ 1)
Q(x) (x
2
+ x + 1)(x
3
x + 1)
R(x) (x
2
+ x + 1)(x
2
+ 1)

MCD x
2
+ x + 1
CLAVE: B

10. P(1) = 0 1 6 + 11 m = 0 : m = 6
Q(1) = 0 1 + 2 1 n = 0 : n = 2
m + n = 8
CLAVE: C

11.
(n 7)!(n 5)!
15! (n 6)! 15!
(n 5)!(n 7)
+ +
= + =
+ +

n + 6 = 15 n = 9
CLAVE: B
12.
x 4 x 3
x 1 x 1
C 2C
+ +
+ +
=

(x 4)! 2(x 3)!
3!(x 1)! 2!(x 1)!
+ +
=
+ +

x 4 1
x 4 6 : x 2
3 2
+
= + = =
CLAVE: D

13. Multiplicar por (x + 1)

x 1 x 1 x 1
1 2 x 1
21(x 1)
C C ... C
2
+ + +
+
+
+ + + =

x 1 6
2 1 21 63 2 1
x 1 2 6 6
+

= = =
+

x + 1 = 6 : x = 5
CLAVE: E

14.
m 3m 2
m 2
3 m m
= =

CLAVE: A

15.
( ) ( )
120 k k
120 5 3
k 1 k
t C x x

+
=

120 24
k 1 k
8k
t C x
15
+
=

o
k 15 =
k = 0; 15; 30; 45; 60; 75; 90; 105; 120
N.
o
de trminos irracionales = 121 9 = 112
CLAVE: C

16. (x + 1)(x) = 132 = 12 11 x = 11
CLAVE: E

17.
2005 2005 2004
x x x 1
2
2005 2005 2004
x x x 1
2006
C C C
x 1
2x 11
2006
C C C
x 1
(
+
=
(

+

2004
x 1
2005 2004
x x 1
2005 x
C
x 1
2x 11
2006
C C
x 1
(
(
+
=
+

2005 x
x 1
2x 11
2005 2006
x x 1
+
=
+

x = 2x 11 x = 11
CLAVE: D

18. Sea
2004 2 2004 3 2004
1 2 3
E 1 4 C 4 C 4 C ...
2005 tr minos
= + + + + +
+

E = (1 + 4)
2004
= 5
2004

CLAVE: D

19.
c a c 9 b 9 18
10 9
t c (x ) (x ) x
=
Observa que: c = 9 b = 2
Adems:
(a b)(c)(c 1)
360
2
+ +
=

(a 2)(9)(10)
360 a 2 8
2
+
= + =
a = 6
CLAVE: D

20.
9 n 5 3 2 6
7 6
t c (x y ) (y z)
=

9 3n 3 6
7 6
t c x y z =
Condicin:

9n 36 3n 6
6 3 n 4
=
=
=

CLAVE: D

EXAMEN N 6
01.
2 2
(3 i)(4 i) 11 7i 11 7
z i
17 17 17
4 i
+ + +
= = = +

11
A
17
=

2 2
(3 i)(4 i) 11 7i 11 7
w i
17 17 17
4 i

= = =

7
B
17
=
A > B
CLAVE: A

02.
9 9
2 i 2i
z
1 i 1 i

= =
+ +

2
(1 i) 1 i
z i
1 i 1 i

= = =
+ +

CLAVE: C

03. z
1
z
2
= 2 + 3i

1 2
z z 2 3i =
CLAVE: C

04.
z 1 w 1
e e(1) 1
z w z w
+ | |
+ = =
|
\ +
R R
CLAVE: C

05. z = x + yi x
2
+ (y 5)
2
= 3
2

z = |z| cis (53)
z = 4[cos(53) + i sen(53)

3 4
z 4 i
5 5
| |
= +
|
\

12 16
z i
5 5
= +
CLAVE: E

06. P = i + i
2
+ i
3
++ i
2008
i
2008
= 0 1 = 1
CLAVE: C

07.
2 2
( 6 2 7i) ( 6 2 7i)
E
16
+ +
=

( )
2
2
2 ( 6) 2 7i
36 28
E 1
16 8
(
+

= = =
CLAVE: B

08.
a 2i a 2 3a
z : b
b 3i b 3 2
= = =

a 4 b (a 8)i
z a 8 a :
a bi b 6
= + +
= + =

+ =

ab = 24
CLAVE: C

09.
5
3 4
5
3
12 6 4
| z | 1
12 6 4
= =
CLAVE: D

10. z = x + yi
x
2
+ y
2
2i(x + yi) + 2n + 2ni = 0
(x
2
+ y
2
+ 2y + 2n) + (2n 2x)i = 0
x
2
+ y
2
+ 2y + 2x = 0
Aqu se cumple:
(2)
2
4(1)(x
2
+ 2x) = 0 1 x
2
2x = 0
x
2
+ 2x 1 = 0 (x + 1)
2
= 2
x 2 1 =
CLAVE: B

11.
3
3 3
2
E 1
25 3 5 9 27
= +
+ +

3 2 2
3 3 3 3
1 2
E 1
3
5 5 3 3
= +
+ +

fr 2fr
E 1
3 5 3
= +

fr
E 1
3
= +
CLAVE: C

12.
1
E x 8x 1
4
= +
8 E 8x 2 8x 1 8x 1 1 = + = +

8x 1 1
E
8 8
= +
CLAVE: B

13.
x 5
F
x 4 3x 14
=

( )
(x 5) x 4 3x 14
F
x 4 (3x 14)
+ +
=

( )
(x 5) x 4 3x 4 x 4 3x 14
F
2(x 5) 2
+ +
= =

Para x = 5:
1 1
VN 1
2
+
= =
CLAVE: B

14. Se tiene:
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
1
E 3 2 4 3 5 4 ... 20 19
(
= + + +

1
1 20 2
E 2 20
18 20 2
+
(
= + = =

CLAVE: C

15.
2
3 3
1 fr
A : E
4
3 3 1
= =
+

( )
5 5 5 5
5 5
4 2 1 4 2 1 fr
B: K
4
11 7
+ + + +
= =

A B =
CLAVE: C

16.
( )
2
4
E 3 2 3 2 = +
E 3 2 3 2 3 2 1 1 = + = = =
CLAVE: B

17.

E = 5x 2 + 2 6x 7x 3
2

E 3x 1 2x 3 = + +
CLAVE: C

18. 8 2 5 1 2 2 1 2 5 2 5 2 1 + + + = + +
n + k + c = 5 + 2 + 1 = 8
CLAVE: B


19.
( ) ( )
2 2
2 3 2 3
E
4 3 4 3
+
= +

E 2 3 2 3 = + +
E 4 =
CLAVE: D

20.
3
3 3
3
3
4 1
E 2 1
2 1
= =
+

( )( )
3
2
3 3 3
4 1
E
2 1 4 4 1
=
+ + +

( )( )
3
2
3 3 3
3
E
2 1 2 2 2 1
=
+ + +

( )
3
3
3 3
3
3 3
E
2 1
2 1
= =
+
+

( )
3
3 3
3
E 4 2 1
3
= +
3 3
3
4 2 1
E
9
+ +
=

3 3 3
4 2 1
E
9 9 9
= +

4 2 1 7
x y z
9 9 9 9
+ + = + + =
CLAVE: E

EXAMEN N 7
01. Sumando las dos ltimas ecuaciones
2x = 2 x = 1
Sumando las dos primeras ecuaciones
x + y = 21 y = 20
En la primera ecuacin: z = 3

y 20
5
x z 4
= =
+

CLAVE: B
02.
2 2 2
x a x b c
1
(a b c)(a b c)
+ +
=
+ +

2x + a
2
b
2
c
2
= a
2
(b c)
2

2x = 2bc x = bc
CLAVE: A

03.
m 3 4
m 1
m 2m 4
+
= =

m + 3 = m
2
m m
2
2m 3 = 0
De donde: m = 3 m = 1;
slo cumple m = 3
CLAVE: A

04.
2
3
x x x x x
2
+ =

2 3
x x x x 1 x
2
+ =
3
x 1 x 1 2 x 2 2 x 1 3
2
+ = + =

2 x 2 x 1 1 2 x 1 2 x 1 = =
4x 4 x 1 4x 4 5 4 x + = =
25
x
16
=
= 9
CLAVE: B

05.
2
A : x 21 7 x =
x
2
= 21 = 49 + x
2
14x 14x = 70
x = 5
A = 15

3 3
B: 14 x 14 x 4 + + =

3
28 3 196 x(4) 64 + =

3 3
12 196 x 36 196 x 3 = =
196 x = 27 169 = x
B = 16
A < B
CLAVE: B

06. 20(2 x) + 15(3 x) + 12(4 x) + 10(5 x)
+ 45 = 0

228 = 57x 4 = x
A = 4
1 1 3
B:
(x 7)(x 4) (x 7)(x 5) (x 5)(x 4)
=
+ + + +

9 3
(x 7)(x 4)(x 5) (x 5)(x 4)
=
+ + +

3
1 3 x 7 : x 4
x 7
= = + =
+

B = 4
A = B
CLAVE: C

07.
3 3 3
7 x 49 x 7 x 1 + + =
a ab + b = 1 a(1 b) (1 b) = 0
(1 b)(a 1) = 0 a = 1 b = 1

3
7 x 1 7 x 1 = =
6 x =
De donde x = 36
CLAVE: A

08. 2 x 4 x 3 x 4 x 1 2x + + + = +

2
2 x 4 x 4 x 2 x 3 x 1 + + + = + +

( ) ( )( )
4 x 2 x 1 2 x 1 x 1 + + = + +
4 x x 1 4 x x 1 2 x + = + + = + +

9
3 2 x x
4
= =
CLAVE: D

09.
2 2 2
ax a bx b cx c 2(ab ac bc)
abc abc
+ + + +
=

2
2
(a b c)
(a b c)x (a b c) x
a b c
+ +
+ + = + + =
+ +

Por condicin: a + b + c = 0
CLAVE: E
10.
1000 10 x 16
12
1000 x
+
=
+

10000 + 16 x = 12000 + 12x 4x = 2000
x = 500
CLAVE: D

11. 8x
2
3mx + (m 1) = 0

1 2
1 2 2 1
1 2
3m
x x
8
m 1 m m
x x x x
8 8 4
x 2x
+ =
`
= = =
=
)

2
m m m 1
m 4m 4 0
8 4 8
= + =
(m 2)
2
= 0 m = 2

2
1
x
4
=
CLAVE: C

12. 2m 6 = 0 m = 3
n 3 = 2 n = 5
Ecuacin: x
2
8x + 15 = 0
CLAVE: B

13. Sumando: (x + y)
2
+ (x + y) 6 = 0
Suponiendo: x + y = 2, en (2): xy = 0
Ahora: x = 2 y = 0
CLAVE: B

14. C.V.A: x 0
ecuacin incompatible
CLAVE: E


15.
5m 2 m 1 2
2n 1 5 3

= =
+

10 13
m 1 m
3 3
= =
CLAVE: D

16.
2
= 1 ; se pide:
5
E
1
+ 8
=
+

2
(1 ) 8
E
1
+
=
+

(1 2 1 ) 8
E
1
+ +
=
+

(2 3 ) 8
E
1
+
=
+

2 3(1 ) 8
E
1
+
=
+

5 5
E
1
+
=
+

5( 1)
E
1
+
=
+

E = 5
CLAVE: A

17. x
2
2x + 2 = 0
E = m
m+n
n
mn
= m
2
n
2
=(mn)
2

E = (2)
2
= 4
CLAVE: E

18.
1 2
1 1
1 2
x x 8
7x 35 x 5
3x 4x 3
+ =
= =
`
=
)

Asimismo: x
2
= 3 m = 15
CLAVE: D

19. (8)
2
4(k)(4) < 0
64 16k < 0 k 4 > 0
k > 4
CLAVE: C
20. kx
2
+ 8x + 4 = 0
Condicin: k 0
k = 1
CLAVE: A

EXAMEN N 8
01.
x 2005y
2005xy
2
+

2005 1
2005xy xy
2 4

CLAVE: C

02.
1 10
x 1 x 3 4
3 3
+

1 1 3 3 1 1
4 x 3 10 10 x 3 4

+ +

7 x 2 3 7 3
: m n
10 x 3 4 10 4
+
= =
+

CLAVE: E

03.
2
x 1
F(x)
(x 6) (x 1) 1
+
=
(
+ + +

x 1
I. F(x) 0 : 0 6 x 1
x 6
+
<
+

2 x x 2
II. F(1 x) 0 : 0 2 x 7
7 x x 7

= <

Observa que: a = 1 b = 2 b ab = 4
CLAVE: A

04. m + 2 > 0 (2m)
2
4(m + 2)(1) < 0
m + 2 > 0 m
2
m 2 < 0
m + 2 > 0 (m 2)(m + 1) < 0
1 < m < 2
CLAVE: C


05.
2 2
x 5x 54 (x x 1) + > +
Se cumple:
2
0
x 5x 54 0
<
+ >
_

Observa que x R
CLAVE: C
06. 2 < x < 3 3 < x 1 < 2
3 < x 1 < 0 0 < x 1 < 2

1 1 1 1
x 1 3 2 x 1
< < < <

CLAVE: A
07.
(x 1)(x 1)x
0
(x 2)(x 1)
+
+

(x 1)x
0
x 2
+
+

]
{ }
CS 2; 1 0; 1 =

a = 2; b = 1; c = 0 d = 1
a +b + c + d = 2
CLAVE: A

08. x 3 3 x + <
x 0 x 3 9 x 6 x + < +
x 0 x 1 x 0 x 1 < <
CS 0; 1 =

CLAVE: D

09. f(x) = 2x
2
+ (2a + 3)x + 8
f(3) f(8) < 0 > 0 x
1
+ x
2
> 0

2
(35 6a)(8)(20 2a) 0 (2a 3) 64 0
2a 3
0
2
+ + < + >
+
>

(6a + 35)(a + 10) < 0 (2a + 11)(2a 5) > 0
2a + 3 < 0
De donde:
35
10 a
6
< <
CLAVE: A

10. VVF
CLAVE: B

11. x 0, luego:
I. x > 0 y 2
II. x < 0 y 2
] Ran(F) ; 2 2; =

CLAVE: E
12.
2x 1; x 1
F(x)
1; x 1

=

<

CLAVE: A

13. A: 3 x 2
A = 3 2 1 + 0 + 1 + 2 = 3
B = 5 + 2 = 3
A = B
CLAVE: C

14. (a 1)
2
1 = a
2
1
2 2
1
(a 1) a 0 2a 1 0 : a
2
= = =

2
1 1 1 3
f 1 1
2 2 4 4
| | | |
= = =
| |
\ \

CLAVE: A

15.
1
sen( ) 30
2
= =
( )
2
1
A a ; , ( 2; 1), tan( ); 3
2
| |
=
` |
\ )

{ }
1
Ran(A) ; 1; 3
2
=
CLAVE: B


16.
m
2x m 0 x
2
+ = =

2
m m
m 3 4
2 2
| | | |
+ =
| |
\ \

2 2
2
m m
1 m 4 : m 2
4 2
= = =
CLAVE: C
17.
2; x 0
F(x)
2; x 0
>
=

<

Ran(F) = {2; 2}
CLAVE: D

18. a T b a
2
T
2
b
2

a
2
(b a) T
2
(b a) b
2
(b a)
|F(T) (b a)| b
2
(b a)
CLAVE: C

19.
2x; x 0
F(x)
0; x 0

=

<
es no decreciente
CLAVE: E

20. F(2001) = F(667 3) = F(667) = F(29)
F(2004) = F(1002 2) = F(1002)
F(1002) = F(334 3) = F(334)
F(334) = F(167 2) = F(167)
F(2001) + F(2004) = F(29) + F(167) = F(3) = 0
CLAVE: A

EXAMEN N 9
01. (log x)
2
= log 10
12
log x
4

(log x)
2
+ 4(log x) 12 = 0
(log x + 6)(log x 2) = 0 x
1
= 10
6
x
2

= 10
2

x
1
x
2
= 10
6 + 2
= 10
4

CLAVE: B
02.
x
2
2 y 2x log y = =
x
2
+ 9 3(2x) = 0 (x 3)
2
= 0 : x = 3
Final:
3
2 y 64 y = =
x + y = 67
CLAVE: D
03.
x
e x
e e e
= =
x = Ln()
CLAVE: A

04.
1 a 1 b
F(a) F(b) log
1 a 1 b
( | || |
+ =
| |
(
+ + \ \

1 (a b) ab
F(a) F(b) log
1 (a b) ab
+ + (
+ =
(
+ + +

a b
1
a b
1 ab
F(a) F(b) log F
a b
1 ab
1
1 ab
+ (
(
+ | |
+
+ = =
| (
+
+ \
(
+
+

CLAVE: D

05.
x
2
x log x
3
99 99 66
+
=

2
3 x x x
2 2
99 x (99x) 99 x
3 3
| |
= = =
|
\

CLAVE: C

06. x
2006
= log
a
bc
y
2006
= log
b
ac
z
2006
= log
c
ab
2004
2006 2006 2006
1 1 1
E
x 1 y 1 z 1
= + +
+ + +

2004
2004
abc
E log abc 1 1 = = =
CLAVE: B

07. log
x
4 = x x
x
= 4
x = 2
CLAVE: D

08.

2
De (1) : xy 1
x 4
x
De (2) : 4
y
=
=
`
=

)

x = 2
CLAVE: A

09. 1 x
2
> 0 1 < x < 1
x 1; 1
CLAVE: D

10. x > 0; x 1: x + 4y = 2

2 4y 0 y 1/ 2
1 1
y
4 2
2 4y 1 y 1/ 4
> <
< <
`
< >
)

ambos datos son necesarios
CLAVE: E

11.
x 7 1 x
A) 2x
2
+ +
=
2x = 4 x = 2

4 2
B) x 9
x 1 4
= =

A < B
CLAVE: B

12.
6
1
q 1
364 t
q 1
| |
= |
|
\
(1)
t
1
q
3
t
1
q
2
= 6t
1
q
q
2
q 6 = 0
De donde: q = 3 q = 2
En (1):
1 1
728
364 t t 1
2
| |
= =
|
\

CLAVE: A

13. a r a a + r
3a = 27 a = 9
(9 r)(9)(9 + r) = 648 81 r
2
= 72
r = 3
CLAVE: B

14. a : 2a : 4a
a 2a 4a 4
2a a = 4a 4 2a
a = 2a 4 a = 4
E = 7a 4
E = 24
CLAVE: C

15.
1 n
21 2( 2) (n 1)
4 2
( | |
= +
|
(
\

n
42 ( 16 n 1)
4
= +

De donde: n = 24
CLAVE: E

16.
8 48
588 n n 21
2
+ | |
= =
|
\

N.
o
de medios = 19
CLAVE: B

17.

(tq
2
)
2
= t
2
+ (t q)
2
q
4
q
2
= 1


2
2 2
1 5 1 5
q q
2 4 2 2
| |
= =
|
\

2
5 1 5 1
q q
2 2
+ +
= =
CLAVE: C

18.
2
5 1
4 : 2
5 1
+
= = =
+

5 1
6 2 5 2
5 1
+
= + =
+

3 5 = +
CLAVE: A

19.
x 1 x 7 6
3
x 1 x 1 2
+ + +
= = = +
+ +

x + 7 = +3x + 3 2x = 4
x = 2
1 : 3 : 9
t
13
= 3
12

CLAVE: C

20. y = xq z = xq
2

En (1): xq
2
5x 2xq = 10
x(q
2
2q 5) = 10 (3)
En (2): 4xq + 3xq
2
= 40
x(4q + 3q
2
) = 40 (4)
Divido (3) (4):

2
2
q 2q 5 1
4
4q 3q

=
+

4q
2
8q 20 = 4q 3q
2

7q 4q 20 = 0
2

Con q = 2: en (3) tenemos
x(4 4 5) = 10 x = 2
y = 4
z = 8
2 4 + m 8
4 + m = 5
m = 1
CLAVE: C

EXAMEN N 10
01. x
3
+ a = xyz (1)
y
3
+ b = xyz (2)
z
3
+ c = xyz (3)
De (1): (x
3
+ a)
3
= x
3
y
3
z
3
(4)
Adems: x
3
y
3
= b a
x
3
z
3
= c a
y
3
z
3
= c b
En (4): (x
3
+ a)
3
= x
3
(x
3
+ a b)(x
3
+ a c)
Supongamos: x
3
= m
Luego: (m + a)
3
= m(m + a b)(m + a c)
3m
2
a + 3ma
2
+ a
3
= (2a b c)m
2
+ (a
2
ab
ac + bc)m
(a + b + c)m
2
+ (2a
2
+ ab + ac bc)m + a
3
= 0
En la frmula de Carnot:
2 2
2a ab ac bc 0 2a ab ac bc
m
2(a b c) 2(a b c)
+ +
= =
+ + + +

2
3
2a ab ac bc
x
2(a b c)
+
=
+ +

CLAVE: C

02. x + y
2
= a + a
2
(1)
y + x
2
= a + a
2
(2)
Restando: x
2
+ y x y
2
= 0
(x + y)(x y) (x y) = 0 x + y = 1
En (2): x
2
x + 1 a a
2
= 0

1 (2a 1)(2a 3)
x n 2
2
+
= =
CLAVE: B


03. x
2
y
2
= 11 (1)
y
2
9 = x (2)
Sumando: x
2
x 20 = 0
Con x = 4:

2
y 5 y 5 y 5 = = =
CLAVE: D

04. Restando las dos primeras:
2xz = 8xyz

1
y
4
=
Sumando las dos ltimas:
yz = xyz
1 = x
En la primera:

1 z 3z 1
z z
4 4 4 2
+ + = =

3
x y z
4
+ + =
CLAVE: C

05. (2) en (1):
x
2
+ (mx 5)
2
= 16
(m
2
+ 1)x
2
10mx + 9 = 0
Se cumple: (10m)
2
4(m
2
+ 1)(9) = 0
25m
2
9m
2
9 = 0 16m
2
= 9
De donde:
3 3
m m
4 4
= =
CLAVE: A

06. x
2
y
2
+ xy
2
+ xy = 27y
x
2
y
2
+ x
2
y + xy = 5x
Ahora: x
2
y
2
+ 5 = 28y (1)
x
2
y
2
+ 27 = 6x (2)
Multiplicando:
(xy)
4
+ 32(xy)
2
168(xy) + 135 = 0
[(xy)
2
+ 4(xy) + 45][(xy)
2
4(xy) + 3] = 0
(xy)
2
4(xy) + 3 = 0
xy = 3 xy = 1
Con xy = 3: en (1)

1
y x 6
2
= =
Final: E = x
2
+ xy + 2y = 36 + 3 + 1
E = 40
CLAVE: C

07. En (2): x
3
+ (a x)
3
= ab
3x
2
3ax + (a
2
b) = 0
Por condicin
(3a)
2
4(3)(a
2
b) 0 9a
2
12(a
2
b)
3a
2
4(a
2
b) 4b a
2

CLAVE: B

08.

2 2 2
(1)
Como: x
3
+ y
3
+ z
3
= 1 y
3
= z
3

y = z (2)
De (1) y (2): y = 0 z = 0
nica solucin real = (1; 0; 0)
CLAVE: A

09.
1 1
A
0 1
| |
=
|
\

2
1 2
A
0 1
| |
=
|
\

3
1 3
A
0 1
| |
=
|
\

.

n
1 n
A
0 1
| |
=
|
\

n(n 1)
n
H 2
0 1
+ | |
|
=
|
|
\

CLAVE: B

10.
n n 1
n
n
a na
A
0 a
| |
| =
|
\

n n 1
n
2n
n
a na 1
A
a
0 a
| |
| =
|
\

n n 1 n 4
n
2n
n
a na (n 1) a a
A C
a 0
a
0 a
+
| |
+ (
| =
(
|

\

n n 1 4 5
n 4 n
n 1 5
a a a a
A C a
a 0 a 0
+

+
| | | |
| | =
| |
\ \

a 0
B
1 a
| |
=
|
\

1
2
a 0 1
B
1 a
a
| |
=
|
\

Final:
4
2
1 a a 0 1
x a
a 0 1 a
a
| | | |
=
| |
\ \

2
1 a a 0
x a
a 0 1 a
| | | |
=
| |
\ \

2 4
2
2 4
0 a 0 a
x a
a 0 a 0
| | | |
| | = =
| |
\ \

CLAVE: D

11.
2
1 3 2x
0 x 3 4 2x 2x 4
0 2 3 2x
< +

2
x 3 4 2x
2x 4
2 3 2x

< +

3x 9 2x
2
+ 6x + 8 4x < -2x
2
+ 4
5x 1 < 4 x < 1
CLAVE: A

12.
4 3
1 2
x 0 0 x 0 0
A b a b x a a b x
d c d c c d
=

4 1 3 2
a b a b
A x x x x
c d c d
=
|A| = x
4
x
1
(ad bc) x
3
x
2
(ad bc)
|A| = (ad bc)(x
4
x
1
x
3
x
2
)
|A| = 10
CLAVE: D
13.
4
T 3 T 13
4
H A 4 A H 4
A
= = =
M = 4
2
4(A
1
)
T
= 4
3
(A
1
)
T

12 1 12 11
1
M 4 A 4 M 4
4
= = =
E = 4
13
4
11
= 4
24
= 2
48

CLAVE: E

14. Sea:
x 1 3x y 2x y 1 x 1 2x 1 2x 1 y 1
2y y 1 2 y 1 2y 1 y 1 y 1
E
x 2 0 1 x 3 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 3
y 1 1 x 2 x y y 1 2 y 2 y x y
+ + + + +
+
= =
+ + + +
+ + +

Se realizo: C
2
C
1
y C
3
C
4
E = 0
CLAVE: D

15. Sumando a la primera fila todas las dems
[ ]
1 1 1 1
a x a a
x (n 1)a a a x a
a a a x
+

Restando a todas las filas, a partir de la
segunda, la fila uno previamente multiplicado
por a:
[ ]
1 1 1 1
0 x a 0 0
x (n 1)a 0 0 x a 0
0 0 a (x a)

[x + (n 1)a] (x a)
n 1
0
De donde: x (1 n)a; x a
CLAVE: A

16.
k 9 3 k 1 2
95
k 3 1 5 k 3
+
+ =
+

k + 9 + 3k + 9 + 3k 3 10 + 2k = 95

90
9k 5 95 k
9
+ = = k = 10
CLAVE: E

17.
2 2
1 ac a
A 0 b 0
0 bc 0
| |
|
= |
|
\

T
1 0 0
A 0 b c
a 0 0
| |
|
=
|
|
\

2
0 ac a
B 0 b b c
a bc 0
| |
|
= |
|
\

ac = 3 b
2
b = 2 bc = 6
a = 1 b = 2 c = 3
a + b + c = 6
CLAVE: D

18. I. V II. F III. V
CLAVE: B

19.
3
1 1
64 A
4
A
= =

2
2 2
1 1
A A
4 16
| |
= = =
|
\

CLAVE: B

20. Como A = B:

x 2y 3
x 5 y 1
6 x y
=
= =
`
=
)

1
3 5 1 5 1
A A
7 2 1 2 3
| | | |
= =
| |
\ \

2
2 1 7 8
C C
3 6 24 39
| | | |
= =
| |
\ \

Final:

1 5 7 8 1
D 9
7 2 3 24 39
| | | |
=
| |
\ \

113 187 9
D
7 58 101
| |
=
|
\

( 9)( 12) 108
Traz(D)
(7) 7

= =
CLAVE: E

EXAMEN N 11
01. x
1
= a 3r; x
2
= a r; x
3
= a + r; x
4
= a + 3r
Propiedad:
4a = 8 a = 2
x
1
x
2
x
3
x
4
= 15
(9r
2
4)(r
2
4) = 15 9r
4
40r
2
+ 31 = 0
De donde: r = 1
x
1
= 5; x
2
= 3; x
3
= 1; x
4
= 1
Es decir F(1) = 0:
1 + 8 + 14 + m 15 = 0
m = 8
CLAVE: D

02. m
2
x
2
4x + 1 = 0
(4)
2
4(m
2
) > 0 m
2
4 < 0
2 < m < 2; m 0
CLAVE: E

03.

( )
2
2
A 4 2 (1) 32 = =
CLAVE: D
04.
2
x
y F(x)
ax b
= =
+

ay x
2
+ by = x ay x
2
x + by = 0

(1)
2
4(ay)(by) 0 4aby
2
1 0
( )
2
2
2 aby (1) 0

1 1
y
2 ab 2 ab

CLAVE: C

05. F(x) = |x a| - x

a = 3
CLAVE: C

06. I. V II. V III. F
CLAVE: D

07. f(g) = b 3 f(2) = b
f(x) = 3x
2
+ 12x 7
b = 3(4) + 12(2) 7 b = 5
3a
2
+ 12a 7 = 5 3
3a
2
12a + g = 0 a
2
4a + 3 = 0
De donde: a = 1
a + b = 6
CLAVE: C

08.
2 3
f g ... (1)
5 4
| | | |
=
| |
\ \

f(2/5) = 4/3
f*(3/4) = 1/2
E = f(g*(1/2))
De (1):
3 2
g* f *
4 5
| | | |
=
| |
\ \

2
g* (1/ 2)
5
=
E = f(2/5) E = 4/3
CLAVE: A

09. a + b + c = 0
ab + ac + bc = p
abc = q
a
2
+ b
2
+ c
2
= -2p
a
2
b
2
+ a
2
c
2
+ b
2
c
2
= p
2

EC: x
3
s
1
x
2
+ s
2
x s
3
= 0
Donde:
2
1
2p
s
q
=
s
2
= 5p

3 2
3
2p q
s
q
+
=
EC: qx
3
2p
2
x
2
5pqx 2p
3
q
2
= 0
CLAVE: B

10. Hospitall - Bernoulli

2
2
1
0 1
2(1 x) 2x x
x
L
2 2x
2(1 x) x
0
2 2x x
+

= =

L = 1
CLAVE: B

11.
1
x x x
x
x 0
(a 1) (b 1) (c 1)
L lim 1
3
(
+ +
= + (

x 0
x x x
lim
(a 1) (b 1) (c 1)
L e
3x
(
+ +
= (

1
Ln(abc)
3
L e =

3
L abc =
CLAVE: D


12.
n
1 3 3n 5 1
L a
1000000 4 4n 12 1000000
+
< <
+

3n 5 1 4 1
3
n 3 250000 n 3 250000
+
< <
+ +

1000000 < n + 3 n > 999997
CLAVE: A

13. [ ]
x
L lim x Ln(x 1) Ln(x)
= +

x
x
1
L lim Ln 1
x
| |
= +
|
\

x
x
1
L Ln lim 1 Ln(e) 1
x
(
| |
( = + = =
|
\

CLAVE: A

14. I. F II. F III. V
CLAVE: A

15. b
n
= 5 + (n 1) 4 = 4n + 1
c
n
= 5(3)
n 1

n
n
n 1
n
b 4n 1
a
c
5( 3)

+
= =

n 1
n
4n 5
a
5( 3)
+
+
=

n
n 1
n
n 1
4n 5
a 4n 5 5( 3)
4n 1
a (4n 1)( 3)
5( 3)
+
+
+
= =
+
+

n 1
x
n
a 4n 5 1
lim 1
a 3(4n 1) 3
+
+
= = <
+

{a
n
} converge a cero
CLAVE: B

16.
n 1
3
E
(3n 2)(3n 1)
=
(
=
(
+

n 1
1 1
E
3n 1 3n 2
=
| |
=
|
+ \
telescpica

1 1 1
E E
3 1 2
= =

CLAVE: B

17.
n
n
n 1 n 1
1 1
E 4 n
2
2

= =
| |
=
|
\

E = 4(2) (1) = 8 1
E = 7
CLAVE: A

18.
n 1 n
n(n 1) n(n 1) 2
n
L lim n x x
+
+ +
(
=

n(n 1) 2 n 1
n
L lim n x x 1
+
+
(
=

n(n 1) 2
n
L lim n x 1
+
(
=

n(n 1)
2
n
x 1
L lim
n
+
| |
| =
|
\

Hospitall Bernoulli: L = Ln(x)
CLAVE: C

19.
2
3 3
| z | | z | 1
Log log 3
2 | z |
| |
+
|
|
+
\

2
2 z z 1
3 z 4 z 5 0
2 z
+

+

(|z| 5)(|z| + 1) 0 |z| 5 0
|z| 5 x
2
+ y
2
5
2

rea: 25
2

CLAVE: A

20. F(x + 3) = x + 2
F(x + 2) = x + 1
F(x + 1) = x


4
H(x) Ln Ln(x) =
Ln Ln(x) 0 Ln Ln(x) Ln(1)
Ln(x) 1 Ln(x) 0 Ln(x) 1
Ln(x) Ln(1) Ln(x) Ln(e)
x 1 x e
x e
CLAVE: C

EXAMEN N 12 Para expertos
01.
2 n
n n 1 n 1
a a a ( 1)
+
=

2
2 1 3 3
a a a 1: a 33 = =

2
3 2 4 4
a a a 1: a 109 = =

2
1 0 2 2 2
a a a 1 9 a 1: a 10 = = =
de cifras de a
2
= 10
CLAVE: D

02. I. V II. V III. V
CLAVE: D

03.
a 1 1
1 a 1 0; a 1
1 1 a
=
2
a 1 1 1 1 a
a a(a 1) (a 1) (1 a) 0
1 a 1 a 1 1
+ = + =
(a 1)(a
2
+ a 1 1) = 0 (a 1)
2
(a + 2) = 0
De donde: a = 1 a = 2
CLAVE: C

04.
6
2x 5y 1
x
m 4
m 8
y mx 10y 4
5m 20
=
=
+
`

= + =
)

Condicin:
m 8
m 4 0 0
m 4
+ > <
+

4 < m < 8
CLAVE: C

05. 4x
2
+ 2(a 2)x (a 2) = 0
4x
2
2x + a = 0
Restando las ecuaciones:
(2a 2)x (2a 2) = 0
x = 1
Ahora:
4(1)
2
+ 2(a 2)(1) (a 2) = 0
4 + 2a 4 a + 2 = 0
a = 2
CLAVE: B

06. t
n
= n
2
+ n 1 lado final del tringulo
t
2000
= 2000
2
+ 2000 1 = 4001999
de cifras = 32
CLAVE: D

07. a < 0 ax + b > 2

b 2
( a)x b 2 x
a
+
< <
+

e
b
= e
b =
x
a
<
CLAVE: C

08.

Obs: F(1) = 1 + b + c > 0
CLAVE: C


09.

2
2
p p
q n
4 2
+ =

2 2
n p n q 0 + =
EC: x
2
px + q
2
= 0
CLAVE: B

10. F(x) = ax
2
+ bx + c 0 x R
Si x = -2: 4a 2b + c 0
a + b + c 3b 3a = 3(b a)

a b c
3
b a
+ +

CLAVE: C

11.
3 2
2
3
x ax 18 0
ax bx 6 0
x bx 12 0
+ + =

+ =
`
+ + =
)

Como (x
3
+ ax
2
+ 18) (ax
2
bx + 6) es una
divisin exacta: a = 1

2

Se cumple: b
2
+ b = 6 b + 1 = 3
De donde: b = 2 a + b = 3
CLAVE: C

12.
2 2 2
x y z 14
xy xz yz 11
x y z 6
+ + =
+ + =
`
+ + =
)
(4)

De (2) y (4): yz = 2
De (2) y (3): x(y + z) = 7 + yz
x(6 x) = 7 + 2
x
2
6x + 9 = 0 x = 3
CLAVE: C

13. 2
x + 4
+ 2
x + 3
2
x + 2
< 5
x + 2
5
x + 1

2
x + 2
(2
2
+ 2
1
1) < 5
x + 1
(5
1
1)
2
x + 2
(5) < 5
x + 1
(4)
2
x
< 5
x

x 0
2 2
x 0
5 5
| | | |
< >
| |
\ \

CLAVE: B

14. Se sabe:
[ ] [ ] x x x 1 < +
[ ] 0 x x 1 <
[ ] 0 x x 1 <
[ ] 1 x x 1 0 <
Ran(F) 1; 0 =

CLAVE: C

15.
x
n (x 1)!
F(n)
(n 1)(n 2)(n 3)...(n x)
=
+ + + +

(x 1)!
F(n)
(n 1)(n 2)(n 3)...(n x)
n n n ... x veces
=
+ + + +

(x 1)!
F(n)
1 2 2 x
1 1 1 ... 1
n n n n
=
| || || | | |
+ + + +
| | | |
\ \ \ \

Cuando n : L = (x 1)!
CLAVE: C

16. log
x
(e
3
x
2
) = elog
e
(e
2
x
3
)
3log
x
e + 2 = e(2 + 3log
e
x)

3 3 2m
2 e(2 3m) 2e 3em
m m
+
+ = + = +
3em
2
+ (2e 2)m 3 = 0

2
(2e 2) (2e 2) 36e
m
6e
+ +
=

(2e 2)
*
6e
1
x e
+
=

(2e 2)
*
6e
2
x e

=

2 2e
(2e 2)
6e
3e
1 2 1
x x x e e

= = =
CLAVE: D

17. a : aq : aq
2
(1)
a aq aq
2
32 (2)
a : aq 4 : aq
2
(3)
De (3): (aq 4)
2
= (aq)
2

Obtenemos: aq = 2 (4)
De (2): 2 a = 2q 32 2
a + 2q = 36 (5)
De (4) y (5): (36 2q)q = 2
q
2
18q + 1 = 0

2
(q 9) 80 q 80 9 = = +

Finalmente:
E = a + aq + q(aq) = a + 2 + 2q
( )
2
E 2 2 80 9
9 80
= + + +
+

( ) ( )
E 2 9 80 2 2 80 9 = + + +
E = 18 + 2 + 18 E = 38
CLAVE: C

18.
2
2
1
1 x 1 0 1
x 1
+ < <
+

2
3
0 3
x 1
<
+

Luego: y = 0; 1; 2; 3
de valores = 6
CLAVE: E

19.
2
4x
y F(x)
1 x
= =
+

yx
2
4x + y = 0 (4)
2
4y
2
0
16 4y
2
0 y
2
4 0
y [2; 2]
CLAVE: A

20. log
2
(3
x
1) 0 log
2
(3
x
1) < 1
3
x
1 1 3
x
1 < 2
3
x
2 3
x
< 3
x log
3
2 x < 1

3
x log 2; 1

CLAVE: A

Solucionario - Guía de Ciencias Álgebra

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GUA DE CIENCIAS - LGEBRA

Prof. Juan Carlos Ramos Leyva - 4 -

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