System Development

Approaches

Bulbul Sharma
Roll No.- 12
PGDM
Presentation Scheme
 Meaning of System Development Approach
 Models
 Waterfall Model
 Prototyping Model
 Iterative Enhancement Model
 Spiral Model
 Conclusion
What is System Development
Model ?

 “Specify
how the activities of development
process are organized in the total system
development effort.”
System Development Models
 Waterfall Model
 Prototyping Model

 Iterative Enhancement Model

 Spiral Model
Waterfall Model
Problem
Definition

Feasibility
Study
Requirement
Analysis
System
Design
Coding &
Testing
Implementation

System
Maintenance
Advantages
 Easy to understand, easy to use
 Provides structure to inexperienced staff
 Sets requirements stability
 Good for management control (plan, staff, track)
Limitations
 All requirements must be known upfront
 System can be frozen before the design begins
 Little opportunity for customer to preview the system (until it
may be too late)
Prototyping
Start

Requirement Quick Prototype

Analysis Design Building

Engineer the Refine User

Product Prototype Evaluation

Stop
Advantages
 Customers can “see” the system requirements as they are
being gathered
 A more accurate end product
 Unexpected requirements accommodated
 Allows for flexible design and development
 Lower overall development costs when requirements change
frequently
Limitations
 Prototyping can lead to false expectations.

 Prototyping can lead to poorly designed systems.

Iterative Enhancement Model

Design Design Design Design

Implement Implement Implement Implement

Analysis Analysis Analysis Analysis

Advantages
 Easier to test

 Provide Feedback
Limitations
 Provide incomplete system

 Time consuming

 High cost
Spiral Model
Advantages
 Risk assessment

 Users see the system early because of rapid

prototyping tools
Limitations
 Time spent for evaluating risks too large for small
or low-risk projects
 The model is complex

 Risk assessment expertise is required

Conclusion

“NO Approach could be termed as the Best

Approach.”