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CRS: Conventional Arms Transfers to Developing Nations, 2001-2008
"This report is prepared annually to provide Congress with official, unclassi...
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Congressional Research Service
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The Library of Congress
CRS Report for Congress
Received through the CRS Web
Order Code RL31083
Conventional Arms Transfers toDeveloping Nations,1993-2000
August 16, 2001
Richard F. GrimmettSpecialist in National DefenseForeign Affairs, Defense, and Trade Division
Conventional Arms Transfers to Developing Nations,1993-2000
Summary
This report is prepared annually to provide unclassified quantitative data onconventional arms transfers to developing nations by the United States and foreigncountries for the preceding eight calendar years. Some general data are provided onworldwide conventional arms transfers, but the principal focus is the level of armstransfers by major weapons suppliers to nations in the developing world.Developing nations continue to be the primary focus of foreign arms salesactivity by weapons suppliers. During the years 1993-2000, the value of arms transferagreements with developing nations comprised 67.7% of all such agreementsworldwide. More recently, arms transfer agreements with developing nationsconstituted 67.6% of all such agreements globally from 1997-2000, and 69% of theseagreements in 2000.The value of all arms transfer
agreements
with developing nations in 2000 wasover $25.4 billion. This was the highest total, in real terms, since 1994. In 2000, thevalue of all arms
deliveries
to developing nations was $19.4 billion, a notable decreasein deliveries values from 1999 ($26.2 billion in constant 2000 dollars).Recently, from 1997-2000, the United States, Russia, and France havedominated the arms market in the developing world, with the United States rankingfirst each of the last three years in the value of arms transfer
agreements
. From 1997-2000, the United States made $31.5 billion in arms transfer agreements withdeveloping nations, in
constant
2000 dollars, 37.2% of all such agreements. Russia,the second leading supplier during this period, made nearly $16.8 billion in armstransfer agreements, or 19.8%. France, the third leading supplier, made over $9.7billion or 11.5% of all such agreements with developing nations during these years.In 2000, the United States ranked first in arms transfer
agreements
withdeveloping nations at $12.6 billion or 49.7% of these agreements. Russia was secondwith $7.4 billion or 29.1% of such agreements. France ranked third with $2.1 billionor 8.3% of such agreements. The total value of U.S. arms transfer agreements withdeveloping nations in 2000 notably increased, in real terms, from $8.7 billion in 1999to $12.6 billion in 2000 (in constant 2000 dollars). In 2000, the United States rankedfirst in the value of arms
deliveries
to developing nations at $8.7 billion, or 44.8% of all such deliveries. The United Kingdom ranked second at $4.4 billion or 22.7% of such deliveries. Russia ranked third at $2.4 billion or 12.4% of such deliveries.During the 1997-2000 period, the United Arab Emirates (U.A.E.) ranked firstamong developing nations in the value of arms transfer
agreements
, concluding $14billion in such agreements. India ranked second at $7.6 billion. Egypt ranked thirdwith $6.9 billion. In 2000, the United Arab Emirates (U.A.E.) ranked first in thevalue of arms transfer
agreements
among all developing nations weapons purchasers,concluding $7.4 billion in such agreements. India ranked second with $4.8 billion insuch agreements. South Korea ranked third with $2.3 billion.
Contents
Introduction...................................................1Major Findings.................................................3General Trends in Arms Transfers Worldwide......................3General Trends in Arms Transfers to Developing Nations.............5United States...........................................6Russia................................................7China.................................................9Major West European Suppliers.............................9Regional Arms Transfer Agreements............................10Near East.............................................11Asia.................................................11Leading Developing Nations Arms Purchasers.....................11Weapons Types Recently Delivered to Near East Nations............12United States..........................................13Russia...............................................13China................................................13Major West European Suppliers............................13All Other European Suppliers..............................13All Other Suppliers......................................13Summary of Data Trends, 1993-2000...............................16Total Developing Nations Arms Transfer Agreement Values..........16Regional Arms Transfer Agreements, 1993-2000...................22Near East.............................................22Asia.................................................26Latin America.........................................26Africa................................................26Arms Transfer Agreements With Developing Nations, 1993-2000: LeadingSuppliers Compared ....................................27Arms Transfer Agreements With Developing Nations in 2000: LeadingSuppliers Compared.....................................27Arms Transfer Agreements With Near East 1993-2000: Suppliers AndRecipients ............................................28Arms Transfers to Developing Nations, 1993-2000:Agreements With Leading Recipients........................29Arms Transfers to Developing Nations in 2000:Agreements With Leading Recipients........................29Developing Nations Arms Delivery Values........................30
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