NDT Training Program RADIOGRAPHY METHOD ASNT Continuing Education In Nondestructive Testing The American Society for Nondestructive TestingGeorge L. Pheriga Director of Education American Society tor Nondestructive Testing, Inc. REVIEWED AND EDITED BY THE FOLLOWING MEMBERS OF THE EDUCATIONAL COUNCIL OF ASNT: George Becker E, |, du Pont de Nemours & Co,, ine. Robert Brostrom Hutchinson Area Vocational-Technical Institute Mike Engblom Hutchinson Area Vocational-Technical Institute Kinney McKeel General Electric Co. Jim Moore Tarrant County Junior College Phil Oikle Yankee Atomic Electric Co. John Summers Rockwell International ‘This publication is mace possible by ar with funds recewved thom the Matketing Onision of the Photo Products Department E. | du Pont de Nemours & Co, Ine. Wilmagton, DE. 19698, Published by The American Soclety for Nondestructive Testing 4153 Arlingate Plaza, Caller #28518 Columbus, Ohio 43228-0518 ‘Copyright © 1880 by the American Society toe Nanaestructve Testing. Ine Al-ngnis reserved. Poitons ofthis material have bean jakea Wom the Gener) Dynamics Corps (Caseroom Training Hancoook: C766, Radographie Testing, Programmes Insttuetion Handbooks: P47, intoducton. and P68, Radogranmie Testing ‘nese portions are subject to Genera! Dynamics Corp's copyright 1967 Printog in tne Unitas States of AmericaLESSON 1 APPLICATIONS OF RADIOGRAPHY BECAUSE OF THE PENETRATION AND ABSORPTION CAPABILITIES OF X AND GAMMA RADIATION, RADIOGRAPHY IS USED TO TEST A VARIETY OF PRODUCTS SUCH AS WELDS, CASTINGS, FORGINGS, AND FABRICATIONS. RADIOGRAPHIC TESTING IS ONE OF THE PRIMARY NONDESTRUCTIVE TEST METHODS IN USE TODAY. RADIOGRAPHIC TESTING USUALLY REQUIRES EXPOSING (FILM TO_X OR GAMMA RAYS THAT HAVE PENETRATED A SPECIMEN, PROCESSING-THE EXPOSED FILM, AND INTERPRETING THE RESULTANT RADIOGRAPH. ADVANTAGES OF RADIOGRAPHY (RT) 1. CAN BE USED WITH MOST MATERIALS. 2. PROVIDES A PERMANENT VISUAL IMAGE. 3. REVEALS THE INTERNAL NATURE OF MATERIAL. 4. DISCLOSES FABRICATION ERRORS. 5. REVEALS STRUCTURAL DISCONTINUITIES. LIMITATIONS OF RT : . IMPRACTICABLE TO USE ON SPECIMENS OF COMPLEX GEOMETRY. THE SPECIMEN MUST LEND ITSELF TO TWO-SIDE ACCESSIBILITY. LAMINAR TYPE DISCONTINUITIES ARE OFTEN UNDETECTED BY RT. . SAFETY CONSIDERATIONS IMPOSED BY X AND GAMMA RAYS MUST BE CONSIDERED. 5. IT IS A RELATIVELY EXPENSIVE MEANS OF NONDESTRUCTIVE TESTING. wR