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1. :

25 = 32 ;
4
) 3 = 81 ;
3
) 7 = 343 ;
0
) 5 = 1.

2. :
) log 3 9 = 2 ;

1
= 4 ;
256
) log 1 125 = 5 ;
)

log 4
5

log 1 49 = 2 .
7

3.

1
= x;
32
1
) log 1 = x ;
2 4
) log 5 x = 2 ;
) log 1 x = 2 ;
)

log 2

log x 8 =

log x

3
;
4

1
= 2 .
125

4. :
) log 2 log 9 81 ;
)

log 4 log 2 16 ;
) log 9 log 4 64 ;
) log 4 log 2 log 2 16 .
5. :

4log4 2 ;
log 2
log 5
) 7 7 + 3 3 ;
3log 3
) 2 2 ;

log3 3 12

2
3

.
) 27
6. :
)
)

x = 4by 3 ;
11ab 4
x= 2
8c y

x=

x=

2a
3 y5

89 7 a b
3 a

7. x :
) log 3 x = log 3 5 + log 3 2 ;

log 2 x = log 2 3 log 2 7 ;


2
) log 2 x = log 2 64 ;
3
2
3
4
) log 3 x = log 3 32 log 3 16 + log 3 128 .
5
4
7

8. :

3a
+ log a b , log b a = 3 ;
a
b

b
b
b
) log ab
+ log ab a a , log a b = 4 ;
4
a

a
2
2
, log a b = 6 .
) 4log ab
+ 3log ab b
b
log
a
b

3log

1. ) 2

a x = b log a b = x, a > 0, a 1, b > 0 !

= 32 log 2 32 = 5 ; ) 34 = 81 log 3 81 = 4 ; ) log 7 343 = 3 ; ) log 5 1 = 0 .


5

1
1
1
1
2. ) log 3 9 = 2 3 = 9 ; ) log 4
; ) = 125 ; ) = 49 .
= 4 44 =
256
256 5
7
1
1
= x 2x =
2 x = 25 x = 5 ; ) x = 2 ; )
3. ) log 2
32
32
1
1
log 5 x = 2 52 = x
= x ; ) x = ; )
16
25
3
3
13
3
1
3

3
2
4
2
22
2
2
log x 8 = x = 2 x = 2 x = 2 / ( ) x = 4 ; ) x = 5 2 .
4
1 1
4. ) log 2 log 9 81 = log 2 2 = 1 ; ) 1; ) ; ) .
2 2
log a b
a
= b , a > 0, a 1, b > 0 !
4
log 2
3log 3
log 3 3
5. ) 4 4 = 2 ; ) 7 ; ) 2 2 = 2 2
= 33 = 27 ; ) .
3
2

log a b c = log a b + log a c , a > 0, a 1, b > 0, c > 0 ,

b
= log a b log a c , a > 0, a 1, b > 0, c > 0 ,
c
log a b k = k log a b, a > 0, a 1, b > 0, k R !

log a

6. )

x = 4by 3 / log a , a > 0, a 1

log a x = log a ( 4by 3 ) log a x = log a 4 + log a b + 3log a y ;

log m x = log m 11 + log m a + 4log m b log m 8 2log m c log m y, m > 0, m 1 ;


1
) log c x = ( log c 2 + log c a log c 3 5log c y ) , c > 0, c 1 ; )
2
1
1
1
1

log c x = log c 89 + log c 7 + log c a + log c b log c 3 log c a, c > 0, c 1.


2
2
2
2

7. ) log 3 x = log 3 5 + log 3 2 log 3 x = log 3 10 x = 10 ; )


3
3
log 2 x = log 2 3 log 2 7 log 2 x = log 2 x = ; )
7
7
2
2
3
2
log 2 x = log 2 64 log 2 x = log 2 64 3 x = 4 3 x = 16 ; ) x = 8 .
3
log c b
8. log a b c = log a b =
, a > 0, a 1, b > 0, c > 0, c 1!
log c a
)

3log

a
b

3a

+ log
b

a
b

b = log

a
b

3a

+ log
b

a
1

3
b = log b a log b b =
2 =5
=
a log b a log b b 1 3 1
log b
2
b
) 1,3 ; ) 8 .
log b

a
b

b = log

a
b

3a

b = log
b

a
b

a
=
b

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