BA LT 2 CP CNG SUT- GII PHP TIT KIM HIU QU TRONG LNH VC CHIU SNG CNG CNG TI VIT NAM

Cng ty VINAKIP
Phn 1: Gii thiu chung v Ba lt st t cho n Natri cao p 2 cp cng sut A. Cu to:

PIN DY

NP CHE

U NI

MCH T

Ba lt st t c cc phn chnh sau: mch t bao gm nhng l thp t c p thnh khi Pin dy to thnh t cc vng dy may bao gm cun chnh v cun ph t trong ca s mch t gia c lp cch in l khu trung gian c nh mch t vi hp n Np che bo v pin dy trnh b va chm nh hng ti cch in may u ni gip lin kt vi mch in thun tin v chc chn

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Ton b cu to c tnh ton c th theo tng chng loi ba lt

Mch t
Chiu cao: H mm. B ngang: L mm. Chiu di: bmm. . H a b

L Dy qun may d/d (mm). S vng dy: W1/W2 (vng.) Chiu rng pha trong: a1 (mm.) Chiu di pha trong: b1 (mm.) Chiu cao: h1 (mm.) B dy: l1 (mm) a1 b1 l1 h1

Pin dy

B. Nguyn l hot ng

CUN KHNG PH

BA LT 1 CP CS

BA LT 2 CP CS
Xut pht t nhu cu tit kim trong chiu sng cng cng bng n Natri cao p, vi mc ch tit gim cng sut tiu th trn b n vo gi thp im,

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Ballast hai cp cng sut s c thit k hot ng bnh thng ch nh mc vo gi cao im v hot ng cho n cng sut nh hn ch thp im. Bn cht ca Ballast st t hai cp cng sut l Ballast st t ng vi mc cng sut nh mc ca bng n v c thm cun ph mc ni tip v c qun trn cng mt cc t. Vic tnh ton c thc hin nh tnh ton Ballast mt cp cng sut nhng c k n cun ph qun chung. Khi hot ng cn thm b chuyn i cng sut l rle thi gian s t ng i ni Ballast c thm cun khng ph C. c tnh k thut Yu cu chung v an ton ( IEC 61347) Balt phi c thit k v c kt cu sao cho trong s dng bnh thng khng gy nguy him cho ngi s dng v vt xung quanh Kim tra s ph hp bng cc th nghim quy nh - Nhit mi trng th nghim 10C 30C - Nhn sn phm v bn ca nhn Xut s (thng hiu, tn nh ch to) S hiu, kiu chng loi in p ngun danh inh Gi tr cng b nhit lm vic ln nht danh nh Loi bng n v cng sut danh nh S i dy - u ni ren - Ni t bo v - Chng chm ngu nhin vo cc phn mang in - Kh nng chu m v cch in m 91% 95% trong 48 gi: bn cch in 500V/ 1pht in tr cch in 2M - bn in khng b nh thng di in p 1500V/pht - Th bn in ca cun dy Balt hng s S 4,5 - Ngn mch khi c s c khng pht sinh ngn la hoc chy ngn la sinh ra cc kh d chy - Kt cu khi s dng cch in 3/14

- Chiu di ng d & khe h khng kh Gia cc phn mang in coc cc tnh khc nhau Gia phn mang in v b phn kim loi khc - B phn mang dng v cc mi ni - Kh nng chu nhit , chu chy v chu phng in - Kh nng chu nhit, chu chy v chu phng in - Kh nng chng r Yu cu v th nghim (IEC 0923) Nhng yu cu v sai s cho php theo tiu chun ny da theo th nghim ca cc chng loi mu c th nghim bi cc nh ch to hoc th nghim vi mc ch khc. Sai s a ra trong tiu chun ph hp vi cc mu th. - Balt nm trong gii hn cng sut khi th nghim vi n chun, v lm vic vi in p ri trn n c ch nh (IEC 662 ) khng nh hn 95% v khng ln hn 105% gi tr chun nhn c khi lm vic vi balt chun in p ri trn n. - Ngun in cung cp c tn s ging nh Balt chun v balt th nghim, Tn s v in p cung cp phi n nh trong dung sai 0,5%. Thit b o c th chnh c in p 0,2% gi tr o . Mc sng hi ca ngun khng vt qu 3% - Khng c ngun t cch b mt ballt chun trong khong 25mm - Bng n chun c lp n nh trong qu trnh th theo ch dn - Hiu in th ca mch thit b o ni qua n khng c gim qu 0,5% dng nh mc ca n. Dng in ca mch thit b o khng lm gim in p nh mc ca n qu 5%. Thit b o gi tr hiu dng khng b tc ng ca sng hi - in tr ca mch o lm gim in p ri trn n khng vt qu 5%

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Vi tiu chun IEC 61437 & IEC 60923 Ba lt phi t cc thng s sau y TT 11 22 TN CH TIU N V MC QUY NH Khng chm ti phn mang in

Bo v chng chm ngu nhin Que th tiu vo cc b phn mang in chun Th nng m trong 48 gi nhit 30C v m t 91% n 95%

22.1 Ngoi quan 22.2 in tr cch in 22.3 bn in p tn s cng nghip 3 Th xung in p (10 xung cho mi cc tnh) 4 Chiu di ng d Gia cc phn t mang in c cc cc tnh khc nhau 4.2 Gia phn t mang in v b phn kim loi khc 5 Khe h khng kh 5.1 Gia cc phn t mang in c cc cc tnh khc nhau Gia phn t mang in v b phn kim loi khc 4.1 M 1500V/1 pht 2500V 2 Khng b nh thng cch in Khng b nh thng cch in

mm mm

2.5 2.5

mm mm

1.7 1.7

5.2

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Cc thng s k thut ca Balt theo yu cu ca n (IEC 60622) Hin ti cha c tiu chun ring cho Balt dng cho n HPS yu cu v o lng thng s k thut c trng. Cc nh sn sut balt HPS theo c tnh ca n, trn c s tiu chun IEC 60622 ch to cho cc n HPS thng dng c cng sut t 70 n1000W: Tn s ngun: 50 Hz in p nh mc: 220V Cng sut n ln nht in p n Nh nht Cng sut trn n (W) m

c tnh Balt

Cng sut n nh nht

in p n l h

m in p trn n (V)

Cc ba lt thng dng thng l 70W; 100W; 150W; 250W v 400W, Ba lt 2 cp cng sut chuyn cp xung 400W/250W; 250W/150W; 150W/100W tit kim ti a mt s hng chuyn cp xung cn 1 na nh 400W/200W hoc 250W/125W Ba lt 2 cp cng sut cng nh ba lt 1 cp cng sut phi m bo cc thng s k thut nh ba lt 1 cp cng sut cho n HPS, Cc thng s di y ch yu cu cho mc cng sut trn bng n

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TT

TN CH TIU

N V 70W 100W 202.4 1.2~2.4 100 10% 100 10% 1,2 10%

MC QUY NH 150W 202.4 1.8~3.0 150 10% 100 10% 1,8 10% 250W 202.4 3.0~5.2 250 10% 100 10% 3,0 10% 400W 202.4 4.6~7.5 400 10% 100 10% 4,6 10%

1 2 3 4 5

in p khi ng Dng khi ng Cng sut cp cho n in p ri trn n Dng tiu th

V A W V A

202.4 0.98~1.96 70 10% 90 10% 0,98 10%

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Phn 2: Phng php iu khin ba lt 2 cp cng sut S hot ng ca n

L2 Balt P1/P2 b L1 L n l 2 1
thi gian B chuyn i cng sut

b La n ign

n P1

N
* n P1 l n c cng sut nh mc P1(W) tng ng vi Balt hai cp cng sut vi mc cng sut cao nht ca n l P1(W). * B kch to in p ri trn cc cc ca n khi c cp in th trn n xut hin in p nh t 2,5-5 kV. in p ny lm xut hin s phng in gia cc cc. Lc ny nhim v ca b kch hon thnh * Ba lt c tc dng to in p ri trn n, thng thng khong 100V * B chuyn i cho php dng in i qua bng dng khi ng ca n v chuyn i mch khi t c thi gian ci t i . * T b h s cng sut c th c ni thm mt t gia L2 v N (song song vi t C trn s b h s cng sut khi n lm vic mc cng sut th 2) gi tr t ny t 2 4 F (tng ng vi n) hoc t C c ni gia L1 v N v ni thm t C2 ( c gi tr bng C1 + (24) F )gia L2 v N (ngha l t C v C2 c lp vi nhau b h s cng sut cho mch in hai mc cng sut). Thc t gi tr ca t b c sai s 5 10% nn c th ni t b nh s trn l .

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B chuyn i cng sut

R LE CHUYN MCH
Re Re1 L1 Re2 L2 TR L ~ 220 V N R2 D3 D4
8 9 10 11 12 13 14 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

C5 C4

C1

R1 C3

C6

D1

D2

R3

B GiM P & NN DNG

R4 R5

C2

DZ

R6 R7

B M THI GIAN

B chuyn i cng sut bn cht l mt r le hn gi, s dng ngun cp in 1 chiu. B m thi gian ci t theo nc gi 2h - 3h 4h hoc 5h ty theo la chn. Khi m thi gian, TRIAC kch hot r le lm vic. Khi r le khng lm vic , mch thng ng iu khin ba lt lm vic cng sut cao. Khi c tc ng, r le chuyn mch sang cng sut thp.

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Phn 3: Hiu qu kinh t v tit kim nng lng khi s dng ba lt 2 cp cng sut BIU CHIU SNG P
110%

Ghi ch:
100% 92%

Cng sut tit kim khi lp t thit b iu khin gim cng sut

bi u chi u s ng

Gim CS

Cng sut s dng chiu sng cng cng trong mt m

T (gi)
19h 24h
11h/1

6h

Theo biu chiu sng, mi m chiu sng 11 gi, trong vi ba lt cng sut thi gian gim cng sut 6 n 7 gi, mt nm ta tit kim c nh sau

Ba lt 150W/100W 250W/150W 400W/250W

Tit kim in trong 1 nm KWg/1 nm 120 240 360

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Vi vn u t gia tng thp, khng cn phi u t ng b v kh nng tit kim in cao. Ba lt 2 cp cng sut ang dn chng minh, vic u t c hiu qu. Sau y l bng tnh thu hi vn khi u t ba lt 2 cp cng sut 250W/150W trong chiu sng cng cng: BA LT 2 CP CNG SUT 250W/150W Cng ty cung ng VINAKIP PHILLIP VS(c) Ga ba lt Gi ba lt Chnh gi 1 cp 325.000 430.000 450.000 2 cp 350.000 550.000 575.000 25.000 120.000 126.000 Gi b CCS 130.000 250.000 710.000 Tng gi chnh Tit kim in/nm Thu hi v n 8 thng 18 thng 43 thng

155.000 241kWh 370.000 241kWh 863.000 241kWh

Ton b gi trn theo Vit nam ng Chi ph 1 kWg in tm tnh 1000 Phn 4: Kinh nghim ti cc n v s dng 2 cp cng sut T u nm 2008, S Cng nghip (nay l S Cng thng) phi hp vi Cng ty Cng trnh th TP. Vng Tu lp t th im 30 b thit b iu chnh 2 cp cng sut trn ng 3-2, TP. Vng Tu. y l h thng do hng Philips sn xut v ti tr. H thng ny bao gm 1 ballast 2 cp 250W/150W nhm iu chnh cng sut cho n, 1 b nh thi gian, 1 kch, 1 t v 1 bng n cao p. Theo bo co ca S Cng thng, kt qu th im rt tt. ri (cht lng nh sng) ca h thng n sau khi lp t trng thi bnh thng v n nh; cng sut chiu sng ca n s gi nguyn mc 250W trong thi gian nh trc (t 18gi n 22gi), sau h xung cn 150W tit kim in. Cn b ca hng Philips cho bit, thi gian nh trc c th linh ng l 4, 5 hoc 6 gi. Ch iu chnh cng c 3 mc: 250W xung 150W, 150W xung 100W, 400W xung 250W. Gia thng 3 2008, S Cng thng phi hp t chc kim tra, o c cc thng s ca h thng n ng ny, kt qu l cc yu t k thut u bo m

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Li ch ca vic lp t h thng thit b ny l ri ng u, khng phi tt bng xen k m vn tit kim in; ch cn ko dy 1 ch v khng phi tt xen k, nn tit kim vt t v chi ph lp t; vic bo tr cng d dng hn v ch c mt ch cho ton h thng n; ngi i ng c cm gic an tm hn v tt c cc bng n u sng. V khuya, ch cn cng sut n 150W cng chiu sng. Mt vn na ng ch l gi ca mi b thit b ny ch khong 1 triu ng, so vi vic lp t mi n tit kim in, chi ph ch bng mt phn nh. Hn na, bng n v tr c th s dng c, ch cn lp thm ballast, b nh thi gian v kch. Tuy ch phi b thm gn 1 triu ng nhng sn lng in tit kim mi bng mt m vo khong 0,6 KWh. Tnh ra, nu ton b h thng trn 10.000 bng n cao p ca ring TP. Vng Tu u lp thit b ny, sn lng in tit kim mi ngy s l 6.000 KWh, mt nm l hn 2 triu KWh, bng ch tiu tit kim in ca khi nh sng cng cng ton tnh nm 2008. Tuy vy, h thng thit b ny cng c nhng nhc im ring. Chng hn, nu ang vn hnh h thng ny m xy ra mt in t xut, h thng s khi ng li v gi nguyn cng sut 250W. V cng do b chnh gi ci t sn, nn thi gian tt m ngy no cng nh nhau, khng th linh ng ngy ma sm hn hay ngy tri nng th mun hn Tuy nhin, xt v nhiu yu t, vic lp t h thng ny l hiu qu nht hin nay. Hng Philips cng h tr TP. H Ch Minh th im mt s on ng ni th v mt s tnh khc trong c nc cng ang lp t th im. ng Nguyn Hu Hin, Ph Gim c S Cng thng TP. Vng Tu cho bit: Do h thng ny nhiu li ch nht, trnh c tnh trng phi tt xen k nh thi gian qua nhm tit kim in, chi ph li r nn UBND tnh ng trin khai trong ton tnh. Theo , i vi h thng chiu sng hin hu, cc Cng ty Cng trnh th tin hnh lp t ng dng h thng thit b 2 cng sut ny trn cc tuyn, khu vc giao thng thuc cc trc l chnh (Quc l 51A, 51B, 51C, tnh l 52, 56, 329). Ring i vi TP. Vng Tu, v y l thnh ph du lch, c mt giao thng cao, bo m an ton v m quan th, S Cng thng ngh cho lp t ng dng thit b ny 12/14

trn ton b h thng chiu sng cc tuyn ng chnh, trc tin l cc ng ven bin nh: Thu Vn, H Long, Trn Ph v cc tuyn ngay gia ni nh: Nguyn An Ninh, 3-2, 30-4, V Th Su, vng xoay i Lit s, L Hng Phong, L Li, Bnh Gi, Thng Nht ni di, Nguyn Vn Tri, Nguyn Thi Hc, Bacu, Trng Cng nh, Nam K Khi Ngha, Trn Hng o, Hong Hoa Thm. i vi cc cng trnh chiu sng c ph duyt, cc ch u t s phi ng dng ngay thit b 2 cng sut nhm tit kim in ti a.

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H tr cho bi ging
A. Cc ti liu tham kho: - H s thit k ba lt 2 cp cng sut 250W/150W-220V - Thit b in h p (tc gi: Phm vn Chi; Bi Tn Hu; Nguyn Tin Tn) - Tiu chun IEC 61347 yu cu v an ton cho cc loi ba lt phng in - Tiu chun IEC 60923 cc yu cu v th nghin Ba lt - Tiu chun IEC 60626 cc c tnh ca n HPS - Thng tin chiu sng hiu sut cao trn trang WEB (VEEPL, PHILLIP, ATCO) B. Demo cho bi ging Hon chnh b Demo chiu sng 2 cp cng sut bao gm: - B iu khin 2 cp cng sut gm: n HPS 250W; b kch, balats 2 cp 250W/150W; b chuyn i cng sut (chuyn i nhanh) - ng h o cng sut ch th 2 mc cng sut khc nhau

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