Valacco - Mystical Philosopers

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Desiderio Valacco

From Zarathustra to

Ken Wilber:

Lives and Works of

Prominent Mystical Philosophers

Table of ContentsIntroduction: The Definition of Mystical Philosophyand its First Beginnings

..............................................................7

1. MYSTICAL PHILOSOPHERS OF THE ANTIQUITY

1.1. ZOROASTRIAN RELIGION

1.1.1 Zarathustra – Mystical Prophet of the Ancient Persia ........................10

1.2. GREEK AND HELLENIC PHILOSOPHY OF THE ANTIQUITY

1.2.1. Orpheus and Pythagoras – The First Mystical Philosophers on theEuropean Soil............................................................................................121.2.2. Pre-Socratics, Socrates and Plato.....................................................141.2.3. Religious Mysticism of the Stoic Cleanthes.......................................181.2.4. Representative of the Stoic Monism Posidonius………………………….181.2.5. Miracle-worker Apollonius of Tyana…………………………………………191.2.6. Plutarch's

Isis and Osiris

..................................................................201.2.7. Plotinus – The Greatest Pagan Hellenic Philosopher..........................211.2.8. The Enigmatic Hermes Trismegistus.................................................251.2.9. Iamblichus' Theurgy and Julian's Apostacy......................................271.2.10. Proclus 'the Successor' and the end of the Academy.......................30

1.3. ROMAN PHILOSOPHY OF THE ANTIQUITY

1.3.1. Roman Stoics...................................................................................331.3.2. Apuleus'

Asinus Aureus

....................................................................35

1.4. CHRISTIANITY

1.4.1. The First Christian Philosopher Justin.............................................371.4.2. Christian Catechetic School in Alexandria........................................371.4.3. Gregory's 'Mysticism of Light'...........................................................401.4.4. Mysterious Figure of Pseudo-Dionysius Areopagite……………………..42

1.5. HEBREW RELIGION

1.5.1. Allegoric Interpretation of the Holy Scripts by Philo of Alexandria.....44

1.6. HINDUISM

1.6.1. Patanjali's

Yoga-Sutras

....................................................................45

1.7. BUDDHISM (INDIAN)

1.7.1. The Enlightened One – Gauthama Buddha.......................................461.7.2. Vajra-Yana Buddhism......................................................................471.7.3. Teaching on Emptiness of the Philosopher Nagarjuna.......................491.7.4. Asanga – the Founder of Yogacara....................................................49

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1.7.5. Bodhidharma – the Founder of Chan Buddhism...............................51

1.8. TAOISM

1.8.1. The Founder of Taoism Lao-Tse.......................................................531.8.2. Transcendentalism of Chuang-Tzu..................................................541.8.3. The 'Dark Teaching' of Taoist Wang Pi.............................................54

1.9. CONFUCIANISM

1.9.1. Confucius – The Harmony of the Cosmic and Social Order...............561.9.2. The Continuators of Confucious' Work Mencius and Hsun-Tse........56

2. MYSTICAL PHILOSOPHERS OF THE MIDDLE AGES

2.1. CHRISTIANITY

2.1.1. Maximus the Confessor....................................................................582.1.2. Eriugena, the Philosopher of the Carolingian Renaissance……………592.1.3

.

Byzantine Polyhistor Michael Psellus……………………………………….612.1.4. St. Victor – Center of European Mystical Philosophy……………………632.1.5. Mysticism of the Knights Templar…………………………………………...682.1.6. Albertus Magnus and Roger Bacon – Pioneers of the ExperimentalMethod......................................................................................................692.1.7. Bonaventura's Itinerary of Path to God…………………………………….732.1.8. 'Doctor Illuminatis' Ramon Lull........................................................752.1.9. Rhineland Mysticism of Eckhart and Tauler………………………………772.1.10. Plethon – Restorer of Platonism in the West…………………………….792.1.11. 'Learned Ignorance' of Nicolas of Cues……………………………………812.1.12. Florentine Academy……………………………………………………………832.1.13. German Mystical Philosophy of 16th Century…………………………..872.1.15. John Dee's Communication with Angels…………………………………942.1.16. Patrizi's Love Philosophy……………………………………………………..962.1.17. Della Porta and Bruno – Two Naples' Great Men……………………….98

2.2. ISLAM

2.2.1. Spreading of Islam, Sufism and Geber............................................1052.2.2. 'Mamun's Renaissance' and Thabit ibn Qurra………………………….1072.2.3. Al-Farabi, the Founder of Islamic Neo-Platonism………………………1092.2.4. 'Picatrix' or 'Aim of the Wise'………………………………………………..1102.2.5. Avicenna – Prince of Philosophers and Physicians…………………….1112.2.6. Sufi Convert al-Ghazali……………………………………………………….1132.2.7. Assasins – the Counterpart to Templar's Order...............................1142.2.8. Ecumenical Mysticism of Ibn al-Arabi…………………………………….1152.2.9. Rumi – Founder of the Order of 'Spinning Dervishes'…………………117

2.3. HEBREW RELIGION

2.3.1. Interpretation of Sefer Jetzirah by Saadia Ben Joseph……………….119

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