Definisi

Nephrotic syndrome, a kidney disease is often found in children, is a collection of clinical symptoms consisting of massive proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, hiperkholesterolemia and swollen.

etiologi
Nephrotic syndrome is clinically divided into two groups, this is : Primary nefrotik syndrome Secondary nefrotik syndrome

Patofisiologi
Proteinuria Massive proteinuria is a major cause of nephrotic syndrome, but the cause is unknown true proteinuria. One theory that could explain the loss of a negative charge that is usually located along the glomerular capillary endothelium and the cell membrane. The loss of the negative charge causes the negatively charged albumin drawn out through the glomerular capillary barrier.

 Hipoalbuminemia Hypoalbuminemia is caused by the loss of albumin in the urine and increased catabolism of albumin in the kidney. Protein synthesis in the liver is usually increased (but not sufficient to replace the loss of albumin in the urine), but may be normal or decreased

 Hiperlipidemia Hyperlipidemia arise due to decreased oncotic pressure, accompanied by a decrease in activity due to the loss of fat degradationglycoprotein as a stimulant lipase. If the serum albumin levels return to normal, either spontaneously or with albumin infusion, the lipid levels generally return to normal.

 Edema There are two mechanisms that cause edema in the SN this is : a. Mechanisms underfilling, The edema caused by low levels of serum albumin (hypoalbuminemia), which resulted in low plasma osmotic pressure so that the fluid shift from the intravascular to the tissue interstitium.

 Mechanisms overfilling, Which increases blood volume conditions (overfilling) through disruption of the distal tubule sodium excretion accompanied by low plasma osmotic pressure resulting transudation from the capillaries into the interstitial fluid, causing edema.

 Diagnosis Diagnosis is based on history, physical examination and examination Treatment International Study of Kidney Disease in Children (ISKDC) recommends to start with giving oral prednisone

 Preganancy birth During pregnancy, maternal patients during their pregnancy the midwife every month to the posyandu and never consumed drugs during pregnancy.

yuli
why is it given a combination to prevent hypokalemia as a result of the effects of furosemide diuresis fluid

reni
This is get by from the history that the patient had said cured by a specialist and the clinical symptoms of the patient is not experiencing swelling within 1 month, so it was concluded that the patient had experienced remission