16/5/2009

SPIN MODELING
Posted by: Admin
on Sunday, January 13, 2008 - 01:11 AM

Here is a simple and easy tutorial on modeling an object using the

"Spin" function. Any object that is symmetrical around can be
modeled this way. It could be a glass, a jar, a vase, a column, a
post, a wheel or anything.

The first thing I always do, from the Front View (1), is to
add a plane. I'm going to model a glass goblet for this
tutorial. Select 3 out of the 4 vertices and delete them. For
my glass, I'm going to imagine that this remaining vertex is
the very center of the bottom of the base. Select that one
vertex and begin
extruding out (E)
forming the out line of
your object.

We want to trace the outline of our object as if it was cut in half by a laser
beam. We only need to trace one side. In my case, it's the right side of my
glass. Here I have the base, the stem and the beginning of the body of the
glass.

Here is my completed outline. Just the right side of the cross section of my glass.

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The next step is to align the 2 vertices that will be

in the center of our glass. One is in the base and
the other one is in the bottom of the body of my
glass. Select just those two vertices. Press S for
Scale, X to scale along the X axis (You should
still be in front view so the X axis will be from left
to right) and press 0 (zero) so they will line up
exactly on the X axis.

Now we're ready to spin our glass. To do this, the first thing we
need to do is get our 3D Cursor in the correct location. When you
perform the Spin Function, your objects will rotate around the 3D
cursor where ever it is. We want our vertices to spin around the
center of our object. We now have 2 vertices that are in the exact
center of our object, the 2 that we just aligned. To get your cursor
there, select one of the vertices in the center of your model and
press SHFT-S. Select Cursor -> Selection

That puts our 3D cursor exactly in the center of our model. Perfect!

Switch to over head view here (7). The other thing to remember when
'Spinning' a model is that Blender will spin the selected objects based
on the current point of view. If you're looking from the front view, it will
rotate the selected objects around the X and Z axis (Up/Down and
Left/Right). We want to spin our glass around it's center based on the
way we drew it, we need to be looking down at it.

While still in edit mode, make sure you still have all of your vertices
selected. Under the Mesh Tools tab you'll fine the controls we need
to spin the model. We're going to use the Spin button. The default is
set to 90 degrees, 9 steps and 1 turn.

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If we click Spin with those settings, what we end up with is 1/4 of a glass. Press
CTRL-Z to undo that and change the Degrees number to 360 so it will go all the way
around. The Steps value determines how many times during the rotation Blender will
stop and make a copy of our vertices. In the 1/4 glass, we had 9 copies of our
vertices.

In the full glass, we still ended up with 9 copies of our vertices, they were
just spread out farther apart during the rotation. The more steps have, the
finer the detail of the spin will be. 4 steps around 360 degrees would gives
us a square glass.

Now, we need to get rid of the extra vertices. The last step of the 360 degree
rotation always ends up on top of the original vertices. Select all of your vertices.

Press W and select remove doubles to remove any vertices that ended up
on top of other vertices. Blender will give you a count of the number of
vertices removed.

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Since we started with an open object and created a

closed object, let's turn on the surface normals to check
that they are all going in the right direction (Not facing the
inside of our glass).

While in edit mode, under Mesh Tools 1, you'll find the button that
will turn on the surface normals. The value above it adjusts the size
of the blue line that represents the surface normal. Everything
appears ok.

I'm going to add Sub Surfacing to my glass to help smooth it out.

While still in Edit mode, locate the Modifiers tab.

Click the Add Modifier button and select the SubSurf option.

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Here's a test render of my glass with SubSurf turned

on.

Next, I'm going to turn on the Set Smooth option. With our glass selected
in Edit mode, locate the Link and Materials Tab. Click the Set Smooth
button.

Switching from Edit to Object mode, we can see a definite

problem. Those black sections in our object are an obvious
sign that we have some surface normals facing the wrong
direction.

Switch back to Edit mode, select all of your vertices (press A

until all of them are selected) and press CTRL-N. Click
Recalculate Normals outside to fix our problem.

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That smoothed every thing out.

I'm going to go ahead and give my goblet a nice purple glass texture.

Here are the settings I used to make the glass texture. The default depth was set at 2 (under the mirror transp tab)
which was not enough so I increased it to 3. Depth determines how many times the computer will trace light rays
through transparent objects and off of reflective surfaces.

The settings for my

ground Plane's
material. In order for my
ground plane to receive
some of the light
coming through the
glass, I needed to turn
on the TraShadow
button. That way, the
transparent shadows
coming through my
glass will show up on
my ground plane
instead of just a solid
shadow as if the goblet
was made out of something not transparent.

Courtesy: http://www.blender3dclub.com/index.php?name=News&file=article&sid=45
Compiled by: Khurshid Ahmad, khurshidazmi@yahoo.com

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