ed'ge;
“
ausmif;om;wyawmf
”
[aom trnemron ,ae@jrermjynrSvI urmhtjcm;rnonae&mwifrSray:aygucJz;ay? Tuo@
aomausmif;om;wyrawmfrsKd;uvnf; rnonfawmfvefa&;rsKd;ur ar;zGm; ay;czl;jcif;r&ao;? pippausmi;om;wyrawmfon
±Spav;v;'rdua&pa&;awmfyH}uD;r oaEwnum awmvefa&;e,ajrwif(1-11-88)ae@wifpwifayguzm;vm+y; jynol@&ifEpfon; csmrsm;jzif
zJ@pn;xm; aom wyrawmfw&yfjzpon? ausmif;om;wyrawmfonfvu&dausmif;om;ausmi;orsm;omru 1962 ckESprSpI pptm%m&ifpepfEif
wygwpepfuqe@usifaom acwtququ oydwwufyrsm;wifyg0ifcJaom ausmif;om;a[mif;rsm;/ vi,rsm;/ tvyform;/ v,orm;/
toynm&if/ twwynm &ifrsm;jzifwpkwpn;wn; wnaxmifxm;ojzifvnf; x;jcm;aeayon? rw&m;r/ zEyfcsKycs,r_refor#u &0Hjywom;pm
tpOfawmfvefwufzsucJaom/ jynolburSt+r&ywnfum jynolutusK;ðy wuyG0ifcJaom acwtququ aemiawmfausmif;om;rsm;.
tvrvcdifusn+ron wduyG0ifpdw "gwu *%f,jrwEd;pm quvufxrf;orf;xm;ayon?
vwe;pm;w&yf/ vrsK;wpfrsK;/ bmomwck/ t,0g'wckckudu,pm;rðybJwif;&if;om;vrsKd;aygifpH
jynovlxw&yv;u ud,pm;ðyaom jyno@ausmif;om;wyrawmfvn;jzpayonf?e,csJ@+Awo#Eif
zuqp*syew@.tkypd;ratmurSwrsK;om;v;vwfajrmuontxvueupudiftoupGe@ wuyJ0ifcJ=uaom vwvya&;o&aumif;
aemifawmfausmif;om;rsm;ESifwygwtm%m &ifpep/ pptm%m&ifpepzdEyfratmurSjynolw@u u,fwif&eftpOfwpufawmfvefqef@usifcJ=u
aom 'rua&pol&aumi;aemifawmfausmif;om;rsm;. t+y;qH;ao;aom wm0efuqufvuxr; aqmif&if; t+y;owatmiyGu ,ay;rn ausmif;
om;wyrawmfvn;jzpayon?xod@aom 0aoovu%mjzifjynpHaom ausmif;om;wy rawmfonfwyOD;ucsrwcJaom trsK; om;EifiHa&;vrf;pOfu udifpum OD;wncsu (4)
&yu taumiftxnazmf&etwuf&eolu&J0 ajymiajrmupm wufy0ifvsu&Sayon? wcsdewnf;rmyifpn;ur;vnf;&/ tref@emcr_vn;aumif;/
EdifiHa&;oabmw&m; vnf;cdifrm/ wufprf;&nvn; xufjruaom ausmi;om;wyrawmfjzpvmap&e wyz@ 0if&abm
wOD;csif;prSpIóu;pm;om;&ayrnf? ,if;twuftaxmutujzpfap&e T
“
&abmfvufp
”
pmtkyfi,u ru'w/ wwd,t}udrnvmcH.
wm0eay;csufEiftnDA[aumfrwrSðypa&;om; xwa0vufonf?
-------------1?igw@on EifiHawmfEifwdif;&if;om;jynorsm;tay: opm& ygrn?
2?igw@on 'rdua&pDawmfvea&;wifusqH;om;aom; tmZmeno&Jaumif;rsm;tay: opm&ygrn?
3? igw@on 'rdua&pawmfvefa&;tay:opPm&I txur ay;tyaom tref@Eifwm0ersm;u aus¹yGe pm xr;aqmifygrnf?
4? igw@on 'rdua&pawmfvefa&; atmijrifontx toupGe@ wufyG0ifom;&eopm"Xmefðy ygon?
tce;(1)wwd,t}urfnvmcHrSwnðyjyXme;vufaom EifiHa&;vr;pOfaumuEkwcsursm;?
trsLd;om;EdifiHa&;vr;pOf
u|ek fyfwd k @ud kifpJ Gaom trsKd;om;Ed kifiHa&;vrf;pOfqd konfrSm Ed kifiHtwGif;±d Svlwef;pm;t&yf&yfud kaomfvnf;aumif;/ 0g'wckckud kaomfaumif;/
bmomwckckaomfvnf;aumif;/vlrsKd;wrsKd;rsKd;ud kaomfvnf;aumif; tajccHjcif;r[kwfyJEd kifiHtwGif;&S dwd kif;&if;om;vlrsKd;aygif;pH ktrsKd;om;xkw&yfvH k;ESif h
oufqd kifonf hEd kifiHa&;&mrsm;ud kaqmif&Gufaomvrf;pOfjzpfonf?
trsKd;om;Ed kifiHa&;vrf;pOfrSaoGzDazmufjyefaom tawG;tac: t,ltqrsm;ud kwyfOD;twGif; 0ifa&mufr vmEd kifatmifumuG,fjcif;/ 0ifa&mufpðyaev#if
wd kufzsufjcif;rsm; rvG JraoGðyvkyf&rnfjzpfonf?
ru'w. OD;wnfcsuf(4)&yf
(u) wif;&if;om;vrsKd;aygifpHjynow&yvH; ppftm%m&ifpepatmurSvwajrmufa&;/
(c) 'rua&pEifvl@tcifa&; &&Sa&;/
(*) jynwGif;+idr;csr;a&; &&a&;/
(C) z,'&,jynaxmifpwnaqmua&;/
OD;wnwuf&rn&eo
u|Ek fyfwd k @ OD;wnfwd kuf&rnf h&efolrSm ppftm%m&Sifpepfjzpfonf?
ppftm%m&Sifpepf[kqd k&mwGif-
1? ppfwyf}uD;pd k;a&;0g' tawG;tac:/
2? ppftm%m&Sifpepfud kud k,fpm;ðyI OD;aqmifaeaom tpd k;&ESif h
3? ppftm%m&Sifpepfwnf+rJa&;ud ktaxmuftulðyaeonf h
ppfAsL±d ku&uf,EW,m;wvH k;ud kqd kvd kygonf?
jrefrmEd kifiHwGifppfwyf}uD;xGm;atmifarG;jrLum ppftm%m&Sifpepfud kusif hoH k;aeor#umvywfvH k; toGifo¾eft& tpd k;&tzG J @rsm;
rnfod k @yifajymif;vJonfjzpfap jynfolvlxkb0vGwfajrmufr_r&Ed kif/ jynf h0aom 'Drd kua&pDESif hvl @tcGif hta&;twGufrar#mfrSef;Ed kif/ xd ka=umif hru'w.
OD;wnfwd kuf&rnf h&efolrSm ppftm %m&Sifpepfjzpfonf?
wd kufyG Jo¾ef
vufeuudifwufonfom t"uwduyduo¾ejzpon? EifiHa&;wufyG/ owrea&;wufy/ 0g'jze@cs a&;wufy/ p;ym;a&;wufyGponf
tjcm;wufyo¾ersm;on vueuuifwdifytwu wef;tm;jzpf& rnf?
wcsewn;rmyifjynovlxudvn; vueuudifawmfvefa&; vuaw@b0xJo@ axmucHyg0ifapI vxwduyGo¾eudyg az:xw&rn?
ru'w. jynaxmifprl
(u) jynfaxmifpkzG J @pnf;r_
1? vlrsKd;ud ktajccHaom jynfe,frsm;jzif hzG J @pnf;&rnf? vd ktyfcsuft& jynfe,fr[kwfaom tjcm;tqif hjynfaxmifpktzG J @0ifrsm;&S d& rnf?
2? jynfe,f&xd kufaom vlrsKd;wrsKd;twGufjynfe,fwckom&S d&rnf?
3? vlrsKd;/ jynfe,f&xd kufaomvlrsKd; owfrSwfcsif;ESif hjynfe,f/ ud k,fyd kiftkyfa&;a'o/ jynfaxmifpktxl; a'o/ vlrsKd;pktxl;a'o tp&S donf h
jynfaxmifpktzG J @0iftqif howfrSwfjcif;ud ktrsKd;om;nDvmcHrSqH k; jzwf&efjzpfonf?
(c) tm%mcG Ja0a&;1? jynfaxmifpkwGifjynfaxmifpktpd k;&ESif hjynfe,ftpd k;&rsm; &S donf?
2? jynfaxmifpktpd k;&. tm%mrsm;ud kuef @owfI useftm%mrsm;ud kjynfe,ftpd k;&rsm;u usif hoH k; yd kifcGif h&S daom tm%mcG Ja0a&; pepfud kusif hoH k;&rnf?
vd ktyfcsuft& jynfaxmifpktpd k;&ESif hjynfe,ftpd k;& rsm;ylwG Jusif hoH k;yd kifcGif h&S daom tm%mrsm;ud kowfrSwf&efjzpf?
3?jynfe,frsm;. ud k,fyd kifjyXmefcGif honfz,f'&,fjynfaxmifpkzG J @pnf;yH ktajccHOya'yg jyXmefcsufrsm;ESif htnDjzpfap&rnf?
4? jynfaxmifpktpd k;&wGiftenf;qH k;atmufygtm%mrsm;ud kusif hoH k;yd kifcGif h&S dap&rnf? jynfaxmifpkum uG,fa&;/ Ed kifiHa&;/ aiGpuUL xkwfvkyfa&;/
o,f,lyd k @aqmifa&;ESif hqufoG,fa&;?
(*) jynfaxmifpkv$wfawmf
vlrsKd;ud ktajccHaom jynfe,fud k,fpm;vS,frsm;ESif hzG J @pnf;onf hv$wfawmfESif hvlOD;a&ud ktajccHaom ud k,fpm;vS,frsm;ESif hzG J @pnf;onh fv$wfawmf[kI
v$wfESpf&yfjzif hjynfaxmifpkv$wfawmfud kzG J @pnf;rnf?
(C) jynfaxmifpktwGif; ygwDpH k'Drd kua&pDpepfud kusif hok H;rnf?
z,f'&,fjynfaxmifpkwnfaqmufa&;ESif h(ru'w).wm0ef
z,'&,jynfaxmipkwnaqmua&;on jynolvxw&yvH;twufjynwif;+idrf;csr;a&;&&S&eft" uaom csujzpon? xa=umiyif
ru'wtaejzifz,'&,fjynaxmifpkwnaqmu a&;OD;wncsu w&ytjzpfxm;&ontjyifjynaxmifprlw&yuvn; csrwcJ+y;jzpon?
tajctaeY ru'wr xr; aqmif&rn wm0efEpf&y&Sayonf? yxrwm0erSm z,'&,jynaxmifpwnfaqmu&evdty onfu jynolvxkw&yfv;
em;vnoabm ayguvufcHvmapa&;twGu &if;jypn;±;&ejzpon?
'kw,wm0erSm wif;&if;om;vlrsK;rsm;tcsif;csif; xm0&ao;p;n nwf+y; twwuaexif=urn z,' &,jynaxmifp}u; wnaqmua&;twGu
tprf;uef}uK;yr;tm;xw=u&efjzpfon? Twm0efEpf&y u ru'wtaejzifw®yifwnf;xr;aqmif&rnjzponf?
awmfvefa&;ppfu atmijrifpmqifE$Eifa&;twGuuifp&rnrl(3)&y
1? ud k,f h'l;ud k,fc|efud k,f htm;ud k,fud k;a&;rl/
2? wckcsif;xufwckvH k;tusKd;pD;yGm;ud kOD;ay;aomrl/
3? atmufajcrSA[d kaumfrwDtxd&Jabmfrsm;tm;vH k; vufawG @ud k,fusKd;pGef @ tepfemcHa&;rl/
r[mrdwfðyjcif;qd kif&mrl
ru'wtaejzifatmuygvu%mrsm;&aom awmfvefa&;tz@ tpn;rsm;u EifiHa&;/ ppa&;/ r[m rwðyrnfjzpon?
(u) pptm%m&Sifpepu t"u&efotjzpfO;wnwufcdufv#if/
(c) 'rua&pEifvl@tcifta&;&&a&;u vucHv#if/
(*) ygwp'drdua&ppepfu vucHv#if/
(C) pptm%m&Sifpepu wufzsua&;twGu vueuuifwufyu t"du axmucHyHyd;v#if
(i) awmvefa&;EiftrsK;om;tusK;pD;ym;udrxcdufv#if/
r[mrwfquqHa&;r
(u) wOD;ud kwOD; tjyeftvSefav;pm;a&;/
(c) wOD;ud kwOD; tjyeftvSefulnD;a&;/
(*) wef;wl&nfwlqufqHa&;/
(C) wOD;twGif;a&;ud kwOD;0ifa&mufrpGufzufa&;/
(i) yÉdyuQrsm;ud krdwfzuftoGifjzif h+idrf;csrf;pGmylwG J!S dE_ dif;ajz&Sif;a&;/
tcef; (2)wwd,t}udrfnDvmcHrStwnfðyjyXmef;vd kufaom ppfa&;vrf;pOfaumufElwfcsyfrsm;
ppa&;vrf;pOfOD;wnfcsu
ru'w. O;wncsuf(4) &y txajrmufatmijrifap&etwuf&efou pptEifwdua&;yifjzpfon?
a&&nfppf rdrw@on pp}u;wckv;utEdif&onftcsetx atmuygumv (3) &yjzpaomfppc&D;pOf}u;u jzw oe;&rnjzpon?
‚
umvrsm;rm---1? aoe*AsL[mcHppumvjzponfppa&;yxrtqif
&eotiftm;}u;aomtqifwGifrdracsref;jcif;rcH&atmifrdrtiftm;uxde;ode;+y; &eotiftm;en; aom tpwtyif;wif;rsm;u
rsm;pmaomtyif;p;wduyGrsm;jzifacsref;yp&if; rrdtiftm;}u;xm;vm ap+y; &eoESiftiftm;csif; naomtqifo@ a&mu&atmifcswu&rn?
2? aoe*AsL[mx;pptwufjyifqifa&;umvjzpon ppfa&;'w,tqif
&eoESiftiftm;csif;naomtqifwifwufyrsm;u owjye u,wjyefooJrrJwufcduf&aom um vjzpon? jynol@axmucHr_u &,+y;
rdrtiftm;u &efoxufrsm;atmif}uK;pm;&rn?
(3) aoe*AsL[mx;ppumvjzpfon ppa&;wwd,tqif
rdrrS&eolxu tiftm;}uD;rm;vmaomtqifwifawmfvSea&;. &e[lor#u acsref;yp&rn? rdrzur tqurjywx;ppqifwufcduf+y;
ooJrrJckcHaom&eolu acsref;yp&rn? awmvefa&;atmiyGqifrn tqifjzponf? rrdw@on Tc&;pOf(3) &yu tvraojzwoef;&rnf;jzpfon?
xa=umi ,ae@ awmvSea&;pp. vuQ%mon
“
a&&npp
”
jzpon? o@aomfenf;y&d,m,t&rdrw@on
“
tcse wtjre+y;ppf
”
u qifE$om;&ayrn?aoe*FAsL[mppfumv
,ae@umvwGif&efolESif hrdrdtiftm; E_ dif;,SOfcsuft& tiftm;}uD; onf h&efolonfxd k;ppfqifae+yD; tiftm;enf;onf hrdrducHppfjzpfaeayonf? xd ka=umif h
,ae@umvppfa&;onf
“
aoe*FAsL[mcHppf
”
jzpfay onf? od k @aomfaoe*FAsL[mcHppfwGifusif hoH k;&rnf henf;y&d,m,fonf
“
xd k;ppf
”
jzpfonf? cHppf[laom
tajctaewGifcHppfao (ae&m,lwyfpG Jppf)ESif hcHppf&Snf[kESpf;rsKd;&S donf?
of 00
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| Category: | Uncategorized. |
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| Upload Date: | 05/20/2009 |
| Copyright: | Attribution Non-commercial |
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